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Waltenbaugh C, Mikszta J, Ward H, Hsiung L. Alteration of copolymer-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune responses by ethanol. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1994; 18:1-7. [PMID: 8198203 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1994.tb00872.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption represents a major human health threat. The frequency and severity of infections in alcoholics is often pronounced, suggesting impaired immune function in these patients. The precise effect of ethanol on cells of the immune system is poorly understood. We have previously shown that synthetic copolymers of L-amino acids, GT and GAT, are powerful tools for clarifying the role of regulatory T-cells in both cell-mediated and humoral immunity in inbred mouse strains. We asked whether these same antigens would have application to a murine model of ethanol consumption. In this study, female mice were placed on a nutritionally complete liquid diet containing 35% ethanol-derived calories. As control, mice either were placed on a liquid control diet that isocalorically substitutes sucrose for ethanol or remained on a solid diet consisting of standard laboratory chow and water ad libitum. Our data show that the liquid ethanol diet severely inhibits two measures of cell-mediated immunity, the ability of responder B6 mice to make an anti-GAT delayed hypersensitivity and GAT-specific T-cell proliferative responses as compared with pair-fed liquid control diet or solid diet controls. On the contrary, this liquid ethanol diet does not significantly impair humoral immunity; it allows nonresponder C57BL/6 or C3H/HeN mice to respond in vivo to GT immunization. These findings suggested to us that the effect of ethanol may occur prior to antigenic stimulation, and this was confirmed by in vitro immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Waltenbaugh
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611
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2
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Abstract
A great deal of experimental evidence supports the phenomenon of immunological suppression. The molecular mechanisms to explain the phenomenology have, however, remained controversial. In this review, the data are reinterpreted in light of the recent advances in the understanding of T-cell subsets, the cross-regulatory properties of lymphokines and the differential presentation capacities of different antigen-presenting cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Bloom
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY 10461
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3
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Apt AS, Kramnik IB, Moroz AM. Regulation of T-cell proliferative responses by cells from solid lung tissue of M. tuberculosis-infected mice. Immunol Suppl 1991; 73:173-9. [PMID: 2071162 PMCID: PMC1384461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We have studied proliferative responses to mycobacterial antigen preparation (PPD) and to non-specific stimuli of interstitial cells from the lungs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected CBA mice. PPD-reactive lymphocytes appeared in the lung wall tissue in the course of chronic infection, but their proliferative capacity was totally inhibited by the lung macrophages. The latter were also able to suppress the proliferation of immune lymph node T cells. The mechanism of suppression clearly had two components, one being infection-specific and the other non-specific. Non-specific suppression was mediated mainly by prostaglandin E(PGE), whereas the specific mechanism showed only a weak influence of PGE and depended on the presence of I-J+ Lyt-2- nylon-wool-adherent cells in the responder population. Interstitial lung T or B lymphocytes were not involved in specific suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Apt
- Experimental Immunogenetics Laboratory, Central Institute for Tuberculosis, Moscow, USSR
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4
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Chang MD, Jaureguiberry B, Garrido E, Diamond B. A murine macrophage line of the H-2d/f haplotype can activate H-2k suppressor T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990; 87:2501-5. [PMID: 2138779 PMCID: PMC53717 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.87.7.2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular basis for activation of suppressor T cells. In this report we describe two macrophage cell lines, BAC1.2.SC8 and its variant progeny B26, that differ in their ability to activate suppressor T cells. The SC8 line is derived from a (BALB/c x A.CA)F1 (H-2d/f) mouse and is haploid with respect to I-Ed. It is capable of activating I-Ed-restricted helper T cells as well as poly-(Glu50Tyr50)-specific I-Ed-restricted suppressor cells. The B26 variant can activate H-2d-restricted helper T cells but activates H-2k-restricted suppressor cells. The I-Ed molecules of SC8 and of B26 have identical amino acid sequences. This suggests that suppressor T cells either recognize posttranslational modifications of the I-E molecule or that there is another accessory molecule that helps determine the major histocompatibility complex restriction in the activation of suppressor T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
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Tokura Y, Takigawa M, Satoh T, Sugimoto H, Yamada M. Ultraviolet-induced suppressor T cells and factor(s) in murine contact photosensitivity. II. Igh-V restriction of T-cell-suppressor factor. CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY 1989; 51:83-90. [PMID: 2522361 DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(89)90208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In murine contact photosensitivity (CPS) to 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide, we have reported that antigen-specific suppressor T cells and factor(s) (TsF) are induced by preexposure of the photosensitizing site to low doses of ultraviolet B. The TsF is a single-chain factor bearing both antigen-binding site(s) and I-J determinants. In this report, we examined the genetic restriction of the factor in terms of both H-2 and Igh-associated genes. The CPS responses of BALB/c (H-2d, Igh-VaCa) and BALB.B (H-2b, Igh-VaCa) but not DBA/2 (H-2d, Igh-VcCc) were suppressed by the injection of the BALB/c TsF, and reciprocally, the response of BALB/c was suppressed by the BALB.B TsF. This demonstrated that H-2 identity was not a requirement for TsF function. Furthermore, the BALB/c TsF significantly suppressed the CPS reaction in BAB-14 (H-2d, Igh-VaCb) but not in either C.B-20 (H-2d, Igh-VbCb) or C.AL-20 (H-2d, Igh-VdCd). In addition, the BAB-14 TsF, but not the C.B-20 factor, induced suppression in BALB/c mice. These results indicated that identity at the Igh-V locus of the strain producing the factor and the recipient was required for suppression. Because of the single-chain nature of the factor, it seems that the I-J+ molecule present in our TsF is closely related to not only recognition but also Igh-V restriction functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tokura
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan
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6
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Oliveira DB, Mitchison NA. Immune suppression genes. Clin Exp Immunol 1989; 75:167-77. [PMID: 2467772 PMCID: PMC1542112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D B Oliveira
- Department of Zoology, University College London
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7
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Ishikura H, Kuchroo V, Abromson-Leeman S, Dorf ME. Comparisons between helper and suppressor T-cell induction. Immunol Rev 1988; 106:93-114. [PMID: 2978156 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1988.tb00775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Ishikura
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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8
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Mowat AM, Lamont AG, Parrott DM. Suppressor T cells, antigen-presenting cells and the role of I-J restriction in oral tolerance to ovalbumin. Immunology 1988; 64:141-5. [PMID: 2968305 PMCID: PMC1385199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Suppressor T cells (Ts) and antigen-presenting cell (APC) activity are both important for the induction of systemic tolerance after feeding protein antigens to mice. In this report, we have examined further the nature of the inter-relationship between Ts and APC in oral tolerance to ovalbumin (OVA). We found previously that oral tolerance to OVA could prevented by treating mice with oestradiol, and we now report that oestradiol enhances the ability of spleen APC to present OVA to T cells. In parallel, mice treated with oestradiol do not generate the Ts activity normally found after feeding OVA. Treatment of mice with anti-I-J antiserum prevents the induction of both tolerance and Ts activity after feeding OVA, but the suppressor effector cells generated by feeding OVA can not be depleted in vitro by treatment with anti-I-J antibody plus complement. In vivo administration of monoclonal anti-I-A antibody had no effect on oral tolerance to OVA. Our results show that induction of oral tolerance to OVA is an I-J-restricted phenomenon and we propose that this reflects an interaction between specific Ts cells and a population of I-J+ cells which we suggest are APC.
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Nakayama T, Kubo RT, Kubo M, Fujisawa I, Kishimoto H, Asano Y, Tada T, Asao Y. Epitopes associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction site of T cells. IV. I-J epitopes on MHC-restricted cloned T cells. Eur J Immunol 1988; 18:761-5. [PMID: 2454195 DOI: 10.1002/eji.1830180516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We studied the expression of an I-Jk epitope on class II-restricted cloned L3T4+ T cells established from H-2k, H-2b, F1 and semiallogeneic radiation bone marrow chimeras by the inhibition of antigen-induced T cell proliferation and in vitro secondary antibody response, and by the direct immunofluorescence with a monoclonal anti-I-Jk. Both I-Ak- and I-Ek-restricted T cells were shown to carry the identical I-Jk epitope regardless of their genotypic origins, antigen specificity, and helper or suppressor function. None of the I-Ab-restricted clones derived from similar animals showed the I-Jk epitope. This isomorphism, regardless of the restriction specificity for I-Ak or I-Ek, contradicts the idea that I-J is an idiotypic determinant on class II-restricted T cell antigen receptor (TcR). In fact, the I-Jk epitope was not comodulated with TcR/T3 complex when incubated with an anti-T3 antibody, indicating that I-J is a new isomorphic receptor for self different from TcR alpha/beta heterodimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Green DR, Chue B, Flood PM. Induction of contrasuppression is restricted by genes mapping to the IgH locus. Immunol Res 1988; 7:82-92. [PMID: 2897413 DOI: 10.1007/bf02918156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D R Green
- Department of Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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11
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Tokura Y, Miyachi Y, Takigawa M, Yamada M. Ultraviolet-induced suppressor T cells and factor(s) in murine contact photosensitivity. I. Biological and immunochemical characterization of factor(s) extracted from suppressor T cells. Cell Immunol 1987; 110:305-20. [PMID: 2446779 DOI: 10.1016/0008-8749(87)90125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Murine contact photosensitivity (CPS) to 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCSA) is a highly specific, T-cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). Preexposure of the photosensitizing site to low doses of ultraviolet B(UVB) rendered mice unresponsive to challenge reaction. This unresponsiveness was associated with the generation of antigen-specific, afferent limb-acting, Lyt-1+2-,L3T4+ suppressor T cells (Ts-cps) in the spleen, thymus, and lymph node. Cell-free extract(s) obtained by freezing and thawing of these cells contained T-cell-suppressor factor (TsF) that inhibited the development of the induction phase of the CPS response to TCSA in vivo in an antigen-specific fashion. The treatments of TsF both with immunoadsorbent columns and with reduction and alkylation showed that the factor bore photoantigen-binding site(s), was reactive with monoclonal anti-I-Jd, anti-I-E alpha but not anti-I-Ad, and behaved as a single-chain factor containing both photoantigen binding and I-J molecules. By gel chromatography the majority of the suppressive activity was eluted in the fractions corresponding to molecular weights of 60-80 and 100-200 kDa. Our present study demonstrated clearly that UVB-induced unresponsiveness in the DTH reaction was mediated by a soluble suppressive factor derived from T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tokura
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Japan
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12
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Wassom DL, Krco CJ, David CS. I-E expression and susceptibility to parasite infection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987; 8:39-43. [DOI: 10.1016/0167-5699(87)90236-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Flood PM, Benoist C, Mathis D, Murphy DB. Altered I-J phenotype in E alpha transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1986; 83:8308-12. [PMID: 2430283 PMCID: PMC386917 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the more intriguing puzzles in immunology is the genetic basis for control of murine T-cell I-J determinants. Molecules bearing I-J determinants (I-J molecules) play a role in information trafficking among immunocompetent cells, probably serving as self-recognition molecules that channel regulatory factors to their appropriate target cells. Although it is clear that I-J polymorphism is influenced by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), molecular genetic studies provide evidence that an MHC gene does not encode I-J molecules. A possible explanation for this paradox is that I-J molecules are a set of non-MHC-encoded T cell receptors that are directly or indirectly selected for by self-MHC products. One key to resolving the genetic and molecular basis for control of I-J determinants is the identification of the MHC gene(s) involved. Herein, data are presented which show that E alpha transgenic mice express an altered I-J phenotype, providing clear evidence that I region class II genes influence I-J polymorphism. Although further study is required to resolve how class II genes mediate this effect, this is a major piece to the I-J puzzle.
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