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Bahamonde S, Dialektopoulos KF, Escamilla-Rivera C, Farrugia G, Gakis V, Hendry M, Hohmann M, Levi Said J, Mifsud J, Di Valentino E. Teleparallel gravity: from theory to cosmology. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2023; 86:026901. [PMID: 36279849 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac9cef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Teleparallel gravity (TG) has significantly increased in popularity in recent decades, bringing attention to Einstein's other theory of gravity. In this Review, we give a comprehensive introduction to how teleparallel geometry is developed as a gauge theory of translations together with all the other properties of gauge field theory. This relates the geometry to the broader metric-affine approach to forming gravitational theories where we describe a systematic way of constructing consistent teleparallel theories that respect certain physical conditions such as local Lorentz invariance. We first use TG to formulate a teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (GR) which is dynamically equivalent to GR but which may have different behaviors for other scenarios, such as quantum gravity. After setting this foundation, we describe the plethora of modified teleparallel theories of gravity that have been proposed in the literature. We attempt to connect them together into general classes of covariant gravitational theories. Of particular interest, we highlight the recent proposal of a teleparallel analogue of Horndeski gravity which offers the possibility of reviving all of the regular Horndeski contributions. In the second part of the Review, we first survey works in teleparallel astrophysics literature where we focus on the open questions in this regime of physics. We then discuss the cosmological consequences for the various formulations of TG. We do this at background level by exploring works using various approaches ranging from dynamical systems to Noether symmetries, and more. Naturally, we then discuss perturbation theory, firstly by giving a concise approach in which this can be applied in TG theories and then apply it to a number of important theories in the literature. Finally, we examine works in observational and precision cosmology across the plethora of proposal theories. This is done using some of the latest observations and is used to tackle cosmological tensions which may be alleviated in teleparallel cosmology. We also introduce a number of recent works in the application of machine learning to gravity, we do this through deep learning and Gaussian processes, together with discussions about other approaches in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bahamonde
- Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - Konstantinos F Dialektopoulos
- Center for Gravitation and Cosmology, College of Physical Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Physics, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Celia Escamilla-Rivera
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior C.U., A.P. 70-543, México D.F. 04510, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Farrugia
- Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Department of Physics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Viktor Gakis
- Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Department of Physics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou Campus GR 157 73, Athens, Greece
| | - Martin Hendry
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Hohmann
- Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jackson Levi Said
- Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Department of Physics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Jurgen Mifsud
- Institute of Space Sciences and Astronomy, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
- Department of Physics, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Eleonora Di Valentino
- Institute for Particle Physics Phenomenology, Department of Physics, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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Gupta G, Panda S, Sen AA. Observational constraints on axions as quintessence in string theory. Int J Clin Exp Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.85.023501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jassal HK. Evolution of perturbations in distinct classes of canonical scalar field models of dark energy. Int J Clin Exp Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.81.083513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Unnikrishnan S, Jassal HK, Seshadri TR. Scalar field dark energy perturbations and their scale dependence. Int J Clin Exp Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.78.123504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Jassal HK, Bagla JS, Padmanabhan T. WMAP constraints on low redshift evolution of dark energy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2005.08577.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schützhold R. Small cosmological constant from the QCD trace anomaly? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 89:081302. [PMID: 12190454 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.081302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
According to recent astrophysical observations the large scale mean pressure of our present Universe is negative suggesting a positive cosmological constant-like term. The issue of whether nonperturbative effects of self-interacting quantum fields in curved space-times may yield a significant contribution is addressed. Focusing on the trace anomaly of quantum chromodynamics, a preliminary estimate of the expected order of magnitude yields a remarkable coincidence with the empirical data, indicating the potential relevance of this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Schützhold
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1.
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Abstract
During its first approximately 100,000 years, the universe was a fully ionized plasma with a tight coupling by Thompson scattering between the photons and matter. The trade-off between gravitational collapse and photon pressure causes acoustic oscillations in this primordial fluid. These oscillations will leave predictable imprints in the spectra of the cosmic microwave background and the present-day matter-density distribution. Recently, the BOOMERANG and MAXIMA teams announced the detection of these acoustic oscillations in the cosmic microwave background (observed at redshift approximately 1000). Here, we compare these CMB detections with the corresponding acoustic oscillations in the matter-density power spectrum (observed at redshift approximately 0.1). These consistent results, from two different cosmological epochs, provide further support for our standard Hot Big Bang model of the universe.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Miller
- Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Jaffe AH, Ade PA, Balbi A, Bock JJ, Bond JR, Borrill J, Boscaleri A, Coble K, Crill BP, de Bernardis P, Farese P, Ferreira PG, Ganga K, Giacometti M, Hanany S, Hivon E, Hristov VV, Iacoangeli A, Lange AE, Lee AT, Martinis L, Masi S, Mauskopf PD, Melchiorri A, Montroy T, Netterfield CB, Oh S, Pascale E, Piacentini F, Pogosyan D, Prunet S, Rabii B, Rao S, Richards PL, Romeo G, Ruhl JE, Scaramuzzi F, Sforna D, Smoot GF, Stompor R, Winant CD, Wu JH. Cosmology from MAXIMA-1, BOOMERANG, and COBE DMR cosmic microwave background observations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:3475-3479. [PMID: 11328002 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent results from BOOMERANG-98 and MAXIMA-1, taken together with COBE DMR, provide consistent and high signal-to-noise measurements of the cosmic microwave background power spectrum at spherical harmonic multipole bands over 2<l less similar to 800. Analysis of the combined data yields 68% (95%) confidence limits on the total density, Omega(tot) approximately 1.11+/-0.07 (+0.13)(-0.12), the baryon density, Omega(b)h(2) approximately 0.032(+0.005)(-0.004) (+0.009)(-0.008), and the scalar spectral tilt, n(s) approximately 1.01(+0.09)(-0.07) (+0.17)(-0.14). These data are consistent with inflationary initial conditions for structure formation. Taken together with other cosmological observations, they imply the existence of both nonbaryonic dark matter and dark energy in the Universe.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Jaffe
- Center for Particle Astrophysics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Abstract
This is a review of the physics and cosmology of the cosmological constant. Focusing on recent developments, I present a pedagogical overview of cosmology in the presence of a cosmological constant, observational constraints on its magnitude, and the physics of a small (and potentially nonzero) vacuum energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Carroll
- Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Physics Department, California Institute of Technology, 452-48 1200, E. California Blvd., Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
- Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, University of Chicago, 5640, S. Ellis Ave., Chicago, IL 60637 USA
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Dodelson S, Kaplinghat M, Stewart E. Solving the coincidence problem: tracking oscillating energy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:5276-5279. [PMID: 11135975 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.5276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2000] [Revised: 06/26/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent cosmological observations strongly suggest that the Universe is dominated by an unknown form of energy with negative pressure. Why is this dark energy density of order the critical density today? We propose that the dark energy has periodically dominated in the past so that its preponderance today is natural. We illustrate this paradigm with a model potential and show that its predictions are consistent with all observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dodelson
- NASA/Fermilab Astrophysics Center, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500, USA
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Boisseau B, Esposito-Farese G, Polarski D, Starobinsky AA. Reconstruction of a scalar-tensor theory of gravity in an accelerating universe. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:2236-2239. [PMID: 10977980 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The present acceleration of the Universe strongly indicated by recent observational data can be modeled in the scope of a scalar-tensor theory of gravity. We show that it is possible to determine the structure of this theory along with the present density of dustlike matter from two observable cosmological functions: the luminosity distance and the linear density perturbation in the dustlike matter component as functions of redshift. Explicit results are presented in the first order in the small inverse Brans-Dicke parameter omega(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- B Boisseau
- Laboratoire de Mathematique et Physique Theorique, UPRES-A 6083 CNRS, Universite de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, F 37200 Tours, France
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Tegmark M, Zaldarriaga M. New microwave background constraints on the cosmic matter budget: trouble for nucleosynthesis? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:2240-2243. [PMID: 10977981 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.2240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2000] [Revised: 07/10/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We compute the joint constraints on ten cosmological parameters from the latest cosmic microwave background measurements. The lack of a significant second acoustic peak in the new BOOMERANG and MAXIMA data favors models with more baryons than big bang nucleosynthesis predicts, almost independently of what prior information is included. The simplest flat inflation models with purely scalar scale-invariant fluctuations prefer a baryon density 0. 022<h(2)Omega(b)<0.040 and a total nonbaryonic ( hot+cold) dark matter density 0.14<h(2)Omega(dm)<0.32 at 95% confidence and allow reionization no earlier than z approximately 30.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tegmark
- Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Mauskopf PD, Ade PA, Bock JJ, Borrill J, Boscaleri A, Crill BP, DeGasperis G, Farese P, Ferreira PG, Ganga K, Giacometti M, Hanany S, Hristov VV, Iacoangeli A, Jaffe AH, Lange AE, Lee AT, Masi S, Melchiorri A, Melchiorri F, Miglio L, Montroy T, Netterfield CB, Pascale E, Piacentini F, Richards PL, Romeo G, Ruhl JE, Scannapieco E, Scaramuzzi F, Stompor R, Vittorio N. Measurement of a Peak in the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectrum from the North American Test Flight of Boomerang. THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 2000; 536:L59-L62. [PMID: 10859118 DOI: 10.1086/312743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/1999] [Accepted: 05/04/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We describe a measurement of the angular power spectrum of anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at scales of 0&fdg;3 to 5 degrees from the North American test flight of the Boomerang experiment. Boomerang is a balloon-borne telescope with a bolometric receiver designed to map CMB anisotropies on a long-duration balloon flight. During a 6 hr test flight of a prototype system in 1997, we mapped more than 200 deg(2) at high Galactic latitudes in two bands centered at 90 and 150 GHz with a resolution of 26&arcmin; and 16&farcm;5 FWHM, respectively. Analysis of the maps gives a power spectrum with a peak at angular scales of 1 degrees with an amplitude 70 µK(CMB).
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