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Boerma DB, Swartz SM. Roosting ecology drives the evolution of diverse bat landing maneuvers. iScience 2024; 27:110381. [PMID: 39045098 PMCID: PMC11263957 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bats and birds are the only living vertebrates capable of powered flight. However, bats differ from birds in that their flight required the evolution of ascending landing maneuvers that achieve their iconic head-under-heels roosting posture. We examined the evolution of landing flight in bats and tested its association with the physical properties of roosts. Bats performed four maneuvers, each correlated with patterns of peak impact force, impulse, and roosting ecology, a critical aspect of bat biology. Our findings indicate that the common ancestor of bats performed simple, four-limbed landings, similar to extant gliding mammals, and that rotationally complex landings enhancing control over impact forces coevolved multiple times with shifts to stiff, horizontal roosts. These results suggest landing biomechanics is central to bat biology: it was critical to flight adaptation in the past, mediates roost use in the present, and may affect bats' ability to respond to deforestation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Boerma
- Department of Biology, Pace University, New York, NY 10038, USA
- Department of Mammalogy, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024, USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Sharon M. Swartz
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
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Cvecko P, Brändel SD, Hiller T, Rose A, Bechler JP, Page RA, Tschapka M. New architecture of leaf-tents in American oil palms ( Elaeis oleifera) used by Pacific tent-making bat ( Uroderma convexum) in Panama. MAMMALIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2021-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, we report for the first time the use of the American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera) as roost by the Neotropical Pacific tent-making bat (Uroderma convexum). Palms with tent roosts consisting of modified leaves were found within the semi-deciduous lowland rainforest in Panama. We present detailed information on a new style of leaf modifications and compare these to tent architectures in other palm species used by U. convexum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Cvecko
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm , Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Apartado, 0843-03092 , Balboa Ancón , Panama
| | - Stefan D. Brändel
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm , Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Apartado, 0843-03092 , Balboa Ancón , Panama
| | - Thomas Hiller
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm , Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Apartado, 0843-03092 , Balboa Ancón , Panama
- Ecology of Tropical Agricultural Systems , University of Hohenheim , Garbenstrasse 13, D-70599 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Andreas Rose
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm , Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Apartado, 0843-03092 , Balboa Ancón , Panama
| | - Jan P. Bechler
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm , Germany
| | - Rachel A. Page
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Apartado, 0843-03092 , Balboa Ancón , Panama
| | - Marco Tschapka
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm , Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm , Germany
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute , Apartado, 0843-03092 , Balboa Ancón , Panama
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García-Méndez A, Santos-Moreno A. New tent architecture roost by Dermanura phaeotis (Miller, 1902) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in southeastern Mexico. MAMMALIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2019-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Some phyllostomid bats modify leaves of certain plant species in order to build tents as daytime roosts. Most tent-roosting members of the Artibeus and Dermanura genus have a widespread geographic distribution; nevertheless, there are few reports regarding roost architecture. This is the first report in Mexico of boat/apical tents built by the pygmy fruit-eating bat Dermanura phaeotis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Méndez
- Laboratorio de Ecología Animal, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Calle Hornos No. 1003, Colonia Noche Buena, 71230, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán , Oaxaca , Mexico
| | - Antonio Santos-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Ecología Animal, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Calle Hornos No. 1003, Colonia Noche Buena, 71230, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán , Oaxaca , Mexico
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Garbino GST, Tavares VDC. Roosting ecology of Stenodermatinae bats (Phyllostomidae): evolution of foliage roosting and correlated phenotypes. Mamm Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/mam.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme S. T. Garbino
- PPG-Zoologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
| | - Valéria da Cunha Tavares
- PPG-Zoologia; Departamento de Zoologia; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Estadual de Minas Gerais; 32400-000 Ibirité MG Brazil
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Ramakers JJ, Dechmann DK, Page RA, O'Mara MT. Frugivorous bats prefer information from novel social partners. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Balasingh J, Koilraj J, Kunz TH. Tent Construction by the Short-nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in Southern India. Ethology 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1995.tb00326.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ecological Determinants of Social Systems. ADVANCES IN THE STUDY OF BEHAVIOR 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3454(10)42009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Roosting site selection by Artibeus watsoni (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) on Anthurium ravenii (Araceae) in Costa Rica. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467400000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTArtibeus watsoni (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) was found in Costa Rica to alter the shape of 11 species of broad-leafed plants in the families Araceae, Cyclanthaceae, Maran-taceae, Musaceae, and Palmae to form diurnal roost sites. The plant most commonly used for tent construction was Anthurium ravenii (Araceae). Bats create a tent on A. ravenii by severing the basal 2 to 5 lateral nerves at a distance of 5 to 10 mm from the midrib; the entire margin of the leaf then collapses downward to form a pyramid-shaped tent. The number of altered leaves per plant ranges from 1 to 4 with a mean of 2.1. A. watsoni appears to be selecting leaves of medium size and low within the plant. The size, shape, and location of leaves selected is consistent with the hypothesis that tent construction provides bats with roost sites that will be available to them for a long period of time and provides protection from both predators and the elements, thus conveying a selective advantage to the bats.
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Tents and harems: apparent defence of foliage roosts by tent-making bats. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467400009342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTPalmate umbrella tents used by tent-making bats in Trinidad, West Indies, were observed in three species of Neotropical palms, Sabal mauritiiformis, Coccothrinax barbadensis and Mauritia flexuosa. Tents were most common in palm leaves that have supporting petioles angled at 50–70° above the horizontal. The shape and volume of tents is influenced mostly by leaf morphology (leaf width and leaflet length) and age of the tent. Tent-crowns varied from being heart-shaped in S. mauritiiformis, oval or round in C. barbadensis and spade-shaped in M. flexuosa. Leaves in which tents were constructed were most often beneath overhanging vegetation, and were generally free of vegetation below, allowing bats to enter and depart from tents without being impeded by the clutter of adjacent vegetation.Singles and small apparent harem groups of two bat species, Artibeus jamaicensis and Uroderma bilobatum, were captured and observed in tents made from the leaves of S. mauritiiformis and C. barbadensis. No bats were observed in tents constructed in leaves of M. flexuosa. The apparent harem social organization in these and other tent-making bat species suggests that leaves modified into tents may provide critical and defendable resources that promote the evolution of polygyny. This hypothesis is based on the observed patchy distribution of suitable palm trees, the inappropriateness of many palm leaves as potential tents and the resultant architecture provided by palmate umbrella tents. We suggest that tent-making is an adult male behaviour.
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Tent-roosting by Scotophilus kuhlii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the Philippines. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467400003886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Host-parasite relationship between the American Streblidae and the bats, with a new key to the American genera and a record of the Streblidae from Trinidad, British West Indies (Diptera). Parasitology 2009; 39:315-29. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182000083906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In 1945 I received a large collection of Streblidae from the late Prof. A. M. Adamson, of the Imperial College of Tropical Agriculture. This collection was made by a post-graduate student, Mr T. S. Jones, and Dr E. C. Humphries, in Trinidad. Later on Mr Jones sent me another three collections, which together with the first comprised three hundred and sixty specimens, the largest number of Streblidae which has ever been collected in America. In addition, I received seven specimens from Mr P. C. J. Brunet, of Keble College, Oxford, which were also collected in Trinidad. I take this opportunity to express my thanks to all these gentlemen, and especially to Mr Jones, who also supplied me with the list of the bats of Trinidad, and some useful information regarding their roosting habits. My thanks are also due to Dr T. C. S. Morrison-Scott and Mr R. W. Hayman of the British Museum (Natural History) for their help in checking the names of several species of bats. The present record is based on the abovementioned five collections and also includes all those records which had been known from Trinidad before.
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Chaverri G, Kunz TH. Roosting Ecology of the Tent-Roosting Bat Artibeus watsoni (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in Southwestern Costa Rica1. Biotropica 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00107.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Tan K, Zubaid A, Kunz T. Tent construction and social organization inCynopterus brachyotis(Muller) (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae) in Peninsular Malaysia. J NAT HIST 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/00222939700770861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Choe JC. A new tent roost of Thomas’ fruit‐eating bat,artibeus watsoni(chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), in panama. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1080/12265071.1997.9647371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Choe J. Ingenious design of tent roosts by Peters's tent-making bat,Uroderma bilobatum(Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae). J NAT HIST 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/00222939400770341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Convergence in tent architecture and tent-making behavior among neotropical and paleotropical bats. J MAMM EVOL 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01464350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Brooke AP. Tent selection, roosting ecology and social organization of the tent-making bat,Ectophylla alba, in Costa Rica. J Zool (1987) 1990. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1990.tb03771.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Boinski S, Timm RM. Predation by squirrel monkeys and double-toothed kites on tent-making bats. Am J Primatol 1985; 9:121-127. [PMID: 32102491 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.1350090205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/1985] [Accepted: 05/11/1985] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Central American squirrel monkeys (Saimiri oerstedi) appear to recognize the modified leaves that phyllostomid bats utilize for diurnal roost sites. The monkeys visually and manually search these bat tents for both bats and insects. Adult males are the most successful at capturing bats. Nonvolant juvenile bats are more vulnerable to monkey predation than are adults. Bats that escape monkey predation frequently are captured by doubletoothed kites (Harpagus bidentatus) that tend foraging troops of monkeys. Predation by squirrel monkeys, coupled with that of double-toothed kites, may be a significant source of mortality for tent-making bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sue Boinski
- Department of Zoology, University of Texas at Austin
| | - Robert M Timm
- Division of Mammals, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago
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