1
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Jarrett BJM, Mashoodh R, Issar S, Pascoal S, Rebar D, Sun SJ, Schrader M, Kilner RM. Selection on the joint actions of pairs leads to divergent adaptation and coadaptation of care-giving parents during pre-hatching care. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240876. [PMID: 38864319 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The joint actions of animals in partnerships or social groups evolve under both natural selection from the wider environment and social selection imposed by other members of the pair or group. We used experimental evolution to investigate how jointly expressed actions evolve upon exposure to a new environmental challenge. Our work focused on the evolution of carrion nest preparation by pairs of burying beetles Nicrophorus vespilloides, a joint activity undertaken by the pair but typically led by the male. In previous work, we found that carrion nest preparation evolved to be faster in experimental populations without post-hatching care (No Care: NC lines) than with post-hatching care (Full Care: FC lines). Here, we investigate how this joint activity evolved. After 15 generations of experimental evolution, we created heterotypic pairs (NC females with FC males and NC males with FC females) and compared their carrion nest making with homotypic NC and FC pairs. We found that pairs with NC males prepared the nest more rapidly than pairs with FC males, regardless of the female's line of origin. We discuss how social coadaptations within pairs or groups could act as a post-mating barrier to gene flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J M Jarrett
- School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Bangor University , Bangor, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biology, Lund University , Lund, Sweden
| | - Rahia Mashoodh
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, UK
| | - Swastika Issar
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, UK
| | - Sonia Pascoal
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, UK
| | - Darren Rebar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Emporia State University , Emporia, KS, USA
| | - Syuan-Jyun Sun
- International Degree Program in Climate Change and Sustainable Development, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Matthew Schrader
- Department of Biology, University of the South , Sewanee, TN, USA
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2
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Soliman HK, Coughlan JM. United by Conflict: Convergent Signatures of Parental Conflict in Angiosperms and Placental Mammals. J Hered 2024:esae009. [PMID: 38366852 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Endosperm in angiosperms and placenta in eutherians are convergent innovations for efficient embryonic nutrient transfer. Despite advantages, this reproductive strategy incurs metabolic costs that maternal parents disproportionately shoulder, leading to potential inter-parental conflict over optimal offspring investment. Genomic imprinting-parent-of-origin-biased gene expression-is fundamental for endosperm and placenta development and has convergently evolved in angiosperms and mammals, in part, to resolve parental conflict. Here, we review the mechanisms of genomic imprinting in these taxa. Despite differences in the timing and spatial extent of imprinting, these taxa exhibit remarkable convergence in the molecular machinery and genes governing imprinting. We then assess the role of parental conflict in shaping evolution within angiosperms and eutherians using four criteria: (1) Do differences in the extent of sibling relatedness cause differences in the inferred strength of parental conflict? (2) Do reciprocal crosses between taxa with different inferred histories of parental conflict exhibit parent-of-origin growth effects? (3) Are these parent-of-origin growth effects caused by dosage-sensitive mechanisms and do these loci exhibit signals of positive selection? (4) Can normal development be restored by genomic perturbations that restore stoichiometric balance in the endosperm/placenta? Although we find evidence for all criteria in angiosperms and eutherians, suggesting that parental conflict may help shape their evolution, many questions remain. Additionally, myriad differences between the two taxa suggest that their respective biologies may shape how/when/where/to what extent parental conflict manifests. Lastly, we discuss outstanding questions, highlighting the power of comparative work in quantifying the role of parental conflict in evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagar K Soliman
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Jenn M Coughlan
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, United States
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3
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Conflict and the evolution of viviparity in vertebrates. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-022-03171-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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4
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Alarcón-Ríos L, Velo-Antón G. Multiple paternity in the pueriparous North African fire salamander, Salamandra algira, supports polyandry as a successful mating strategy in low fecundity Salamandra lineages. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Multiple paternity is widespread in nature and despite costs, it has many associated benefits like increased genetic diversity and fertilization success. It has been described in many viviparous systems, suggesting the existence of some fitness advantages counteracting the inherent costs of viviparity, such as fecundity reduction and high parental investment. Reproductively polymorphic species, like the urodele Salamandra algira, which shows two types of viviparity: larviparity (i.e., delivering aquatic larvae), and pueriparity (i.e., delivering terrestrial metamorphosed juveniles), are suitable systems to study the relationship between reproductive modes and polygamous mating. Here, multiple paternity is confirmed in a pueriparous lineage of S. algira, as previously verified for the pueriparous lineages of the reproductively polymorphic species S. salamandra, suggesting polyandry is a successful mating strategy in pueriparous systems with reduced brood sizes. We discuss the potential benefits of polyandry in the context of viviparity evolution in urodeles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Alarcón-Ríos
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Guillermo Velo-Antón
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Grupo de Ecoloxía Animal, Torre Cacti (Lab 97), E-36310, Vigo, Spain
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5
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Saleh-Subaie N, Ramírez-Cruz GA, Zúñiga-Vega JJ. Examination of the Trexler-DeAngelis Model of Maternal Provisioning Reveals That Matrotrophy Is Costly. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.690430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of matrotrophy (post-fertilization maternal provisioning to developing embryos) has been explained through several hypotheses. Trexler and DeAngelis proposed in 2003 a theoretical model that defines the ecological conditions under which matrotrophy would be favored over lecithotrophy (pre-fertilization maternal provisioning). According to this model, matrotrophy offers a selective advantage in environments with abundant and constantly available food, whereas environments with limited and fluctuating food resources should instead promote a lecithotrophic mode of maternal provisioning. This model also proposes that matrotrophy entails the consequence of leaner reproductive females and in turn shorter lifespans. In this study, we examined the Trexler-DeAngelis model using data from 45 populations of five viviparous species from the fish genus Poeciliopsis (family Poeciliidae). We used the matrotrophy index (MI) as a measure of post-fertilization maternal provisioning, and the index of stomach fullness and individual body condition (BC) as proxies for food availability. We also estimated the magnitude of fluctuations in food availability by calculating the temporal variances of these two proxies. Neither abundant nor constantly available food were associated with greater degrees of matrotrophy, which fails to support the predictions of the Trexler-DeAngelis model with respect to the ecological drivers of increased post-fertilization provisioning to embryos. Nonetheless, in all five species we observed that females with greater degrees of matrotrophy had poorer BC compared to females that provided less nutrients to embryos after fertilization. This finding is consistent with one of the expected consequences of advanced matrotrophy according to the Trexler-DeAngelis model, namely, a detriment to the nutritional status of females. Our study provides compelling evidence that gestating females experience a trade-off between post-fertilization provisioning to embryos and self-maintenance, revealing in turn that matrotrophy is a costly reproductive strategy.
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6
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Felmy A, Leips J, Travis J. Ancestral ecological regime shapes reaction to food limitation in the Least Killifish, Heterandria formosa. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:6391-6405. [PMID: 34141226 PMCID: PMC8207351 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Populations with different densities often show genetically based differences in life histories. The divergent life histories could be driven by several agents of selection, one of which is variation in per-capita food levels. Its relationship with population density is complex, as it depends on overall food availability, individual metabolic demand, and food-independent factors potentially affecting density, such as predation intensity. Here, we present a case study of two populations of a small live-bearing freshwater fish, one characterized by high density, low predation risk, low overall food availability, and presumably low per-capita food levels, and the other by low density, high predation risk, high overall food availability, and presumably high per-capita food levels. Using a laboratory experiment, we examined whether fish from these populations respond differently to food limitation, and whether size at birth, a key trait with respect to density variation in this species, is associated with any such differential responses. While at the lower food level growth was slower, body size smaller, maturation delayed, and survival reduced in both populations, these fitness costs were smaller in fish from the high-density population. At low food, only 15% of high-density fish died, compared to 75% of low-density fish. This difference was much smaller at high food (0% vs. 15% mortality). The increased survival of high-density fish may, at least partly, be due to their larger size at birth. Moreover, being larger at birth enabled fish to mature relatively early even at the lower food level. We demonstrate that sensitivities to food limitation differ between study populations, consistent with selection for a greater ability to tolerate low per-capita food availability in the high-density population. While we cannot preclude other agents of selection from operating in these populations simultaneously, our results suggest that variation in per-capita food levels is one of those agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Felmy
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jeff Leips
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Joseph Travis
- Department of Biological ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahasseeFLUSA
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7
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Guernsey MW, van Kruistum H, Reznick DN, Pollux BJA, Baker JC. Molecular Signatures of Placentation and Secretion Uncovered in Poeciliopsis Maternal Follicles. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 37:2679-2690. [PMID: 32421768 PMCID: PMC7475030 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Placentation evolved many times independently in vertebrates. Although the core functions of all placentas are similar, we know less about how this similarity extends to the molecular level. Here, we study Poeciliopsis, a unique genus of live-bearing fish that have independently evolved complex placental structures at least three times. The maternal follicle is a key component of these structures. It envelops yolk-rich eggs and is morphologically simple in lecithotrophic species but has elaborate villous structures in matrotrophic species. Through sequencing, the follicle transcriptome of a matrotrophic, Poeciliopsis retropinna, and lecithotrophic, P. turrubarensis, species we found genes known to be critical for placenta function expressed in both species despite their difference in complexity. Additionally, when we compare the transcriptome of different river populations of P. retropinna, known to vary in maternal provisioning, we find differential expression of secretory genes expressed specifically in the top layer of villi cells in the maternal follicle. This provides some of the first evidence that the placental structures of Poeciliopsis function using a secretory mechanism rather than direct contact with maternal circulation. Finally, when we look at the expression of placenta proteins at the maternal–fetal interface of a larger sampling of Poeciliopsis species, we find expression of key maternal and fetal placenta proteins in their cognate tissue types of all species, but follicle expression of prolactin is restricted to only matrotrophic species. Taken together, we suggest that all Poeciliopsis follicles are poised for placenta function but require expression of key genes to form secretory villi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Guernsey
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Henri van Kruistum
- Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - David N Reznick
- Department of Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA
| | - Bart J A Pollux
- Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Julie C Baker
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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8
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Molina-Moctezuma A, Hernández-Rosas AL, Zúñiga-Vega JJ. Resource availability and its effects on mother to embryo nutrient transfer in two viviparous fish species. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2020; 333:181-193. [PMID: 31904197 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain the adaptive value of matrotrophy, which is the postfertilization maternal provisioning to developing embryos. The Trexler-DeAngelis model proposes that matrotrophy provides fitness advantages when food abundance is high and availability is constant. If food availability is low or unpredictable, prefertilization maternal provisioning (lecithotrophy) should be favored over matrotrophy. In this study, we tested this model in two fish species from the family Poeciliidae, Poeciliopsis gracilis and P. infans, using field and laboratory data. In the field study, we explored the effects of population, season, and food abundance on the degree of matrotrophy. In P. infans, we found evidence that supports this model: In the population where food abundance decreased during the dry season, females reduced the amount of postfertilization provisioning and thus exhibited a more lecithotrophic strategy. In P. gracilis, we observed patterns that were partially consistent with this model: Food abundance decreased during the wet season in three populations of this species, but only in one of these populations, females exhibited less postfertilization nutrient transfer during this season. In the laboratory study, we tested the effects of constant, fluctuating, and low food availability on the relative amounts of pre- and postfertilization provisioning of P. infans. Our laboratory results also support the Trexler-DeAngelis model because both low and fluctuating food regimes promoted a more lecithotrophic strategy. Together, our findings indicate that the benefits of matrotrophy are more likely to occur when females have constant access to food sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Molina-Moctezuma
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana L Hernández-Rosas
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Jaime Zúñiga-Vega
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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9
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Furness AI, Pollux BJA, Meredith RW, Springer MS, Reznick DN. How conflict shapes evolution in poeciliid fishes. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3335. [PMID: 31350395 PMCID: PMC6659687 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11307-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In live-bearing animal lineages, the evolution of the placenta is predicted to create an arena for genomic conflict during pregnancy, drive patterns of male sexual selection, and increase the rate of speciation. Here we test these predictions of the viviparity driven conflict hypothesis (VDCH) in live-bearing poecilid fishes, a group showing multiple independent origins of placentation and extreme variation in male sexually selected traits. As predicted, male sexually selected traits are only gained in lineages that lack placentas; while there is little or no influence of male traits on the evolution of placentas. Both results are consistent with the mode of female provisioning governing the evolution of male attributes. Moreover, it is the presence of male sexually selected traits (pre-copulatory), rather than placentation (post-copulatory), that are associated with higher rates of speciation. These results highlight a causal interaction between female reproductive mode, male sexual selection and the rate of speciation, suggesting a role for conflict in shaping diverse aspects of organismal biology. The viviparity driven conflict hypothesis predicts the evolution of the placenta will suppress the evolution of traits associated with pre-copulatory mate choice and accelerate speciation rate. Furness et al. support the former and disprove the latter predictions with comparative analyses of the poecilid fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I Furness
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.
| | - Bart J A Pollux
- Experimental Zoology Group, Wageningen University, 6708 WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Meredith
- Department of Biology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA
| | - Mark S Springer
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - David N Reznick
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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10
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Moran RL, Zhou M, Catchen JM, Fuller RC. Hybridization and postzygotic isolation promote reinforcement of male mating preferences in a diverse group of fishes with traditional sex roles. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:9282-9294. [PMID: 30377500 PMCID: PMC6194240 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Behavioral isolation is thought to arise early in speciation due to differential sexual and/or natural selection favoring different preferences and traits in different lineages. Instead, behavioral isolation can arise due to reinforcement favoring traits and preferences that prevent maladaptive hybridization. In darters, female preference for male coloration has been hypothesized to drive speciation, because behavioral isolation evolves before F1 inviability. However, as with many long-lived organisms, the fitness of second-generation hybrids has not been assessed because raising animals to adulthood in the laboratory is challenging. Of late, reinforcement of male preferences has been implicated in darters because male preference for conspecific females is high in sympatry but absent in allopatry in multiple species pairs. The hypothesis that reinforcement accounts for behavioral isolation in sympatry assumes that hybridization and postzygotic isolation are present. Here, we used genomic and morphological data to demonstrate that hybridization is ongoing between orangethroat and rainbow darters and used hybrids collected from nature to measure postzygotic barriers across two hybrid generations. We observed sex ratio distortion in adult F1s and a dramatic reduction in backcross survival. Our findings indicate that selection to avoid hybridization promotes the evolution of male-driven behavioral isolation via reinforcement in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L. Moran
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
- Department of Animal BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
| | - Muchu Zhou
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
- Department of Animal BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
| | - Julian M. Catchen
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
- Department of Animal BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
| | - Rebecca C. Fuller
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
- Department of Animal BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignIllinois
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11
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Dupoué A, Le Galliard J, Josserand R, DeNardo DF, Decencière B, Agostini S, Haussy C, Meylan S. Water restriction causes an intergenerational trade‐off and delayed mother–offspring conflict in a viviparous lizard. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andréaz Dupoué
- CNRS UPMC, UMR 7618, iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Jean‐François Le Galliard
- CNRS UPMC, UMR 7618, iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
- Département de biologieEcole normale supérieureCNRSPSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Rémy Josserand
- CNRS UPMC, UMR 7618, iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Dale F. DeNardo
- School of Life SciencesArizona State University Tempe AZ USA
| | - Béatriz Decencière
- Département de biologieEcole normale supérieureCNRSPSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Simon Agostini
- Département de biologieEcole normale supérieureCNRSPSL Research University Saint‐Pierre‐lès‐Nemours France
| | - Claudy Haussy
- CNRS UPMC, UMR 7618, iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
| | - Sandrine Meylan
- CNRS UPMC, UMR 7618, iEES ParisUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie Paris France
- ESPE de ParisUniversité Sorbonne Paris IV Paris France
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12
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Sex-specific evolution during the diversification of live-bearing fishes. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 1:1185-1191. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Saldivar Lemus Y, Vielle-Calzada JP, Ritchie MG, Macías Garcia C. Asymmetric paternal effect on offspring size linked to parent-of-origin expression of an insulin-like growth factor. Ecol Evol 2017. [PMID: 28649356 PMCID: PMC5478053 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual reproduction brings together reproductive partners whose long‐term interests often differ, raising the possibility of conflict over their reproductive investment. Males that enhance maternal investment in their offspring gain fitness benefits, even if this compromises future reproductive investment by iteroparous females. When the conflict occurs at a genomic level, it may be uncovered by crossing divergent populations, as a mismatch in the coevolved patterns of paternal manipulation and maternal resistance may generate asymmetric embryonic growth. We report such an asymmetry in reciprocal crosses between populations of the fish Girardinichthys multiradiatus. We also show that a fragment of a gene which can influence embryonic growth (Insulin‐Like Growth Factor 2; igf2) exhibits a parent‐of‐origin methylation pattern, where the maternally inherited igf2 allele has much more 5′ cytosine methylation than the paternally inherited allele. Our findings suggest that male manipulation of maternal investment may have evolved in fish, while the parent‐of‐origin methylation pattern appears to be a potential candidate mechanism modulating this antagonistic coevolution process. However, disruption of other coadaptive processes cannot be ruled out, as these can lead to similar effects as conflict.
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14
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Kamel SJ, Williams PD. Resource exploitation and relatedness: implications for offspring size variation within broods. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J. Kamel
- Dept of Biology and Marine Biology, Center for Marine Science; Univ. of North Carolina Wilmington; 601 S. College Rd. Wilmington, NC 28403 USA
| | - Paul D. Williams
- Dept of Biology and Marine Biology, Center for Marine Science; Univ. of North Carolina Wilmington; 601 S. College Rd. Wilmington, NC 28403 USA
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15
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Zhang K, Liu S, Chen DY, Chen X, Zhang GY. The complete mitochondrial genome of the Monterrey platyfish ( Xiphophorus couchianus). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 27:4453-4454. [DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1089567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China and
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China and
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Da-Yang Chen
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China and
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Chen
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China and
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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16
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Olivera-Tlahuel C, Ossip-Klein AG, Espinosa-Pérez HS, Zúñiga-Vega JJ. Have superfetation and matrotrophy facilitated the evolution of larger offspring in poeciliid fishes? Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015; 116:787-804. [PMID: 26617418 PMCID: PMC4659389 DOI: 10.1111/bij.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Superfetation is the ability of females to simultaneously carry multiple broods of embryos, with each brood at a different developmental stage. Matrotrophy is the post-fertilization maternal provisioning of nutrients to developing embryos throughout gestation. Several studies have demonstrated that, in viviparous fishes, superfetation and matrotrophy have evolved in a correlated way, such that species capable of bearing several simultaneous broods also exhibit advanced degrees of post-fertilization provisioning. The adaptive value of the concurrent presence of both reproductive modes may be associated with the production of larger newborns, which in turn may result in enhanced offspring fitness. In this study, we tested two hypotheses: (1) species with superfetation and moderate or extensive matrotrophy give birth to larger offspring compared to species without superfetation or matrotrophy; (2) species with higher degrees of superfetation and matrotrophy (i.e. more simultaneous broods and increased amounts of post-fertilization provisioning) give birth to larger offspring compared to species with relatively low degrees of superfetation and matrotrophy (i.e. fewer simultaneous broods and lesser amounts of post-fertilization provisioning). Using different phylogenetic comparative methods and data on 44 species of viviparous fishes of the family Poeciliidae, we found a lack of association between offspring size and the combination of superfetation and matrotrophy. Therefore, the concurrent presence of superfetation and moderate or extensive matrotrophy has not facilitated the evolution of larger offspring. In fact, these traits have evolved differently. Superfetation and matrotrophy have accumulated gradual changes that largely can be explained by Brownian motion, whereas offspring size has evolved fluidly, experiencing changes that likely resulted from selective responses to the local conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Olivera-Tlahuel
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Distrito Federal 04510, México
| | | | - Héctor S. Espinosa-Pérez
- Colección Nacional de Peces, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Distrito Federal 04510, México
| | - J. Jaime Zúñiga-Vega
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Distrito Federal 04510, México
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Blackburn DG. Viviparous placentotrophy in reptiles and the parent-offspring conflict. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2015; 324:532-48. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G. Blackburn
- Departmentof Biology; Electron Microscopy Center; Trinity College; Hartford Connecticut
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18
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Kwan L, Fris M, Rodd FH, Rowe L, Tuhela L, Panhuis TM. An examination of the variation in maternal placentae across the genusPoeciliopsis(Poeciliidae). J Morphol 2015; 276:707-20. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Kwan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto; 25 Willcocks St. Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Megan Fris
- Department of Zoology; Ohio Wesleyan University; 61 S. Sandusky St. Delaware Ohio 43015
| | - F. Helen Rodd
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto; 25 Willcocks St. Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Locke Rowe
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Toronto; 25 Willcocks St. Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Laura Tuhela
- Department of Zoology; Ohio Wesleyan University; 61 S. Sandusky St. Delaware Ohio 43015
| | - Tami M. Panhuis
- Department of Zoology; Ohio Wesleyan University; 61 S. Sandusky St. Delaware Ohio 43015
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19
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Hale RE, Travis J. Effects of Water Chemistry on the Life History of the Least Killifish Heterandria formosaand the Absence of Evidence for Local Adaptation. COPEIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-14-042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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The evolution of the placenta drives a shift in sexual selection in livebearing fish. Nature 2014; 513:233-6. [PMID: 25043015 DOI: 10.1038/nature13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The evolution of the placenta from a non-placental ancestor causes a shift of maternal investment from pre- to post-fertilization, creating a venue for parent-offspring conflicts during pregnancy. Theory predicts that the rise of these conflicts should drive a shift from a reliance on pre-copulatory female mate choice to polyandry in conjunction with post-zygotic mechanisms of sexual selection. This hypothesis has not yet been empirically tested. Here we apply comparative methods to test a key prediction of this hypothesis, which is that the evolution of placentation is associated with reduced pre-copulatory female mate choice. We exploit a unique quality of the livebearing fish family Poeciliidae: placentas have repeatedly evolved or been lost, creating diversity among closely related lineages in the presence or absence of placentation. We show that post-zygotic maternal provisioning by means of a placenta is associated with the absence of bright coloration, courtship behaviour and exaggerated ornamental display traits in males. Furthermore, we found that males of placental species have smaller bodies and longer genitalia, which facilitate sneak or coercive mating and, hence, circumvents female choice. Moreover, we demonstrate that post-zygotic maternal provisioning correlates with superfetation, a female reproductive adaptation that may result in polyandry through the formation of temporally overlapping, mixed-paternity litters. Our results suggest that the emergence of prenatal conflict during the evolution of the placenta correlates with a suite of phenotypic and behavioural male traits that is associated with a reduced reliance on pre-copulatory female mate choice.
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21
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Bassar RD, Auer SK, Reznick DN. Why do placentas evolve? A test of the life-history facilitation hypothesis in two clades in the genusPoeciliopsisrepresenting two independent origins of placentas. Funct Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald D. Bassar
- Department of Biology; University of California; Riverside California 92521 USA
| | - Sonya K. Auer
- Department of Biology; University of California; Riverside California 92521 USA
| | - David N. Reznick
- Department of Biology; University of California; Riverside California 92521 USA
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Schrader M, Fuller RC, Travis J. Differences in offspring size predict the direction of isolation asymmetry between populations of a placental fish. Biol Lett 2013; 9:20130327. [PMID: 23883573 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2013.0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosses between populations or species often display an asymmetry in the fitness of reciprocal F1 hybrids. This pattern, referred to as isolation asymmetry or Darwin's Corollary to Haldane's Rule, has been observed in taxa from plants to vertebrates, yet we still know little about which factors determine its magnitude and direction. Here, we show that differences in offspring size predict the direction of isolation asymmetry observed in crosses between populations of a placental fish, Heterandria formosa. In crosses between populations with differences in offspring size, high rates of hybrid inviability occur only when the mother is from a population characterized by small offspring. Crosses between populations that display similarly sized offspring, whether large or small, do not result in high levels of hybrid inviability in either direction. We suggest this asymmetric pattern of reproductive isolation is due to a disruption of parent-offspring coadaptation that emerges from selection for differently sized offspring in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Schrader
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1100, USA.
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23
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Head ML, Kozak GM, Boughman JW. Female mate preferences for male body size and shape promote sexual isolation in threespine sticklebacks. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:2183-96. [PMID: 23919161 PMCID: PMC3728956 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Female mate preferences for ecologically relevant traits may enhance natural selection, leading to rapid divergence. They may also forge a link between mate choice within species and sexual isolation between species. Here, we examine female mate preference for two ecologically important traits: body size and body shape. We measured female preferences within and between species of benthic, limnetic, and anadromous threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus species complex). We found that mate preferences differed between species and between contexts (i.e., within vs. between species). Within species, anadromous females preferred males that were deep bodied for their size, benthic females preferred larger males (as measured by centroid size), and limnetic females preferred males that were more limnetic shaped. In heterospecific mating trials between benthics and limnetics, limnetic females continued to prefer males that were more limnetic like in shape when presented with benthic males. Benthic females showed no preferences for size when presented with limnetic males. These results show that females use ecologically relevant traits to select mates in all three species and that female preference has diverged between species. These results suggest that sexual selection may act in concert with natural selection on stickleback size and shape. Further, our results suggest that female preferences may track adaptation to local environments and contribute to sexual isolation between benthic and limnetic sticklebacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan L Head
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter Cornwall Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK
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24
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Kang JH, Schartl M, Walter RB, Meyer A. Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of all species of swordtails and platies (Pisces: Genus Xiphophorus) uncovers a hybrid origin of a swordtail fish, Xiphophorus monticolus, and demonstrates that the sexually selected sword originated in the ancestral lineage of the genus, but was lost again secondarily. BMC Evol Biol 2013; 13:25. [PMID: 23360326 PMCID: PMC3585855 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-13-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Males in some species of the genus Xiphophorus, small freshwater fishes from Meso-America, have an extended caudal fin, or sword - hence their common name "swordtails". Longer swords are preferred by females from both sworded and - surprisingly also, non-sworded (platyfish) species that belong to the same genus. Swordtails have been studied widely as models in research on sexual selection. Specifically, the pre-existing bias hypothesis was interpreted to best explain the observed bias of females in presumed ancestral lineages of swordless species that show a preference for assumed derived males with swords over their conspecific swordless males. However, many of the phylogenetic relationships within this genus still remained unresolved. Here we construct a comprehensive molecular phylogeny of all 26 known Xiphophorus species, including the four recently described species (X. kallmani, X. mayae, X. mixei and X. monticolus). We use two mitochondrial and six new nuclear markers in an effort to increase the understanding of the evolutionary relationships among the species in this genus. Based on the phylogeny, the evolutionary history and character state evolution of the sword was reconstructed and found to have originated in the common ancestral lineage of the genus Xiphophorus and that it was lost again secondarily. RESULTS We estimated the evolutionary relationships among all known species of the genus Xiphophorus based on the largest set of DNA markers so far. The phylogeny indicates that one of the newly described swordtail species, Xiphophorus monticolus, is likely to have arisen through hybridization since it is placed with the southern platyfish in the mitochondrial phylogeny, but with the southern swordtails in the nuclear phylogeny. Such discordance between these two types of markers is a strong indication for a hybrid origin. Additionally, by using a maximum likelihood approach the possession of the sexually selected sword trait is shown to be the most likely ancestral state for the genus Xiphophorus. Further, we provide a well supported estimation of the phylogenetic relationships between the previously unresolved northern swordtail groups. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the entire genus Xiphophorus provides evidence that a second swordtail species, X. monticolus, arose through hybridization. Previously, we demonstrated that X. clemenciae, another southern swordtail species, arose via hybridization. These findings highlight the potential key role of hybridization in the evolution of this genus and suggest the need for further investigations into how hybridization contributes to speciation more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyoun Kang
- Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Manfred Schartl
- Physiological Chemistry, Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Ronald B Walter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University-San Marcos, 601 University Dr, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Axel Meyer
- Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Evolutionsbiologie, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, Konstanz 78457, Germany
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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25
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Unexpected seasonal variation in offspring size and performance in a viviparous ectoparasite. Parasitology 2012; 140:229-36. [DOI: 10.1017/s0031182012001503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYOffspring size and performance in invertebrates often decrease with maternal age or as a response to seasonal environment. In viviparous ectoparasites maternal provision may wholly determine offspring performance outside the host. The viviparous deer ked (Lipoptena cervi), an ectoparasite of cervids, breeds from autumn to spring. We reared deer ked pupae through the reproductive period to investigate whether offspring size and performance vary according to maternal age and offspring environment. We expected that, in autumn, young females would produce the largest offspring to ensure that early-born pupae would survive a long period of winter diapause, and that offspring size would decrease with maternal age and decreasing diapause length. Diapause was associated with a significant weight loss, which reduced survival through post-diapause development. It was thus surprising that the early-born offspring were the smallest, and that size and survival (eventually) increased towards the spring. The variability among offspring in the length of off-host period seems to be an important component of life-history evolution in this ectoparasite, and should be studied further. Unexpected seasonal variation in the offspring size of this blood-feeding ectoparasite may result from changes in female resources due to weakening host condition as the winter progresses.
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26
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Schrader M, Travis J. Embryonic IGF2 expression is not associated with offspring size among populations of a placental fish. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45463. [PMID: 23029026 PMCID: PMC3446872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In organisms that provision young between fertilization and birth, mothers and their developing embryos are expected to be in conflict over embryonic growth. In mammalian embryos, the expression of Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2) plays a key role in maternal-fetal interactions and is thought to be a focus of maternal-fetal conflict. Recent studies have suggested that IGF2 is also a focus of maternal-fetal conflict in placental fish in the family Poeciliidae. However, whether the expression of IGF2 influences offspring size, the trait over which mothers and embryos are likely to be in conflict, has not been assessed in a poeciliid. We tested whether embryonic IGF2 expression varied among four populations of a placental poeciliid that display large and consistent differences in offspring size at birth. We found that IGF2 expression varied significantly among embryonic stages with expression being 50% higher in early stage embryos than late stage embryos. There were no significant differences among populations in IGF2 expression; small differences in expression between population pairs with different offspring sizes were comparable in magnitude to those between population pairs with the same offspring sizes. Our results indicate that variation in IGF2 transcript abundance does not contribute to differences in offspring size among H. formosa populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Schrader
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA.
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27
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Schrader M, Travis J. Assessing the roles of population density and predation risk in the evolution of offspring size in populations of a placental fish. Ecol Evol 2012; 2:1480-90. [PMID: 22957156 PMCID: PMC3434941 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Population density is an ecological variable that is hypothesized to be a major agent of selection on offspring size. In high-density populations, high levels of intraspecific competition are expected to favor the production of larger offspring. In contrast, lower levels of intraspecific competition and selection for large offspring should be weaker and more easily overridden by direct selection for increased fecundity in low-density populations. Some studies have found associations between population density and offspring size consistent with this hypothesis. However, their interpretations are often clouded by a number of issues. Here, we use data from a 10-year study of nine populations of the least killifish, Heterandria formosa, to describe the associations of offspring size with habitat type, population density, and predation risk. We found that females from spring populations generally produced larger offspring than females from ponds; however, the magnitude of this difference varied among years. Across all populations, larger offspring were associated with higher densities and lower risks of predation. Interestingly, the associations between the two ecological variables (density and predation risk) and offspring size were largely independent of one another. Our results suggest that previously described genetic differences in offspring size are due to density-dependent natural selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Schrader
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State UniversityTallahassee, Florida 32306-1100
- Department of Animal Biology, University of IllinoisChampaign, Illinois 61820
| | - Joseph Travis
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State UniversityTallahassee, Florida 32306-1100
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28
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Weber MG, Agrawal AA. Phylogeny, ecology, and the coupling of comparative and experimental approaches. Trends Ecol Evol 2012; 27:394-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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SCHRADER MATTHEW, TRAVIS JOSEPH, FULLER REBECCAC. Do density-driven mating system differences explain reproductive incompatibilities between populations of a placental fish? Mol Ecol 2011; 20:4140-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Ala-Honkola O, Friman E, Lindström K. Costs and benefits of polyandry in a placental poeciliid fish Heterandria formosa are in accordance with the parent-offspring conflict theory of placentation. J Evol Biol 2011; 24:2600-10. [PMID: 21902749 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02383.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In viviparous species, a conflict over maternal resource allocation may arise between mothers and embryos, between siblings, and between maternal and paternal genes within an embryo due to relatedness asymmetries. We performed two experiments to study the effects of polyandry and brood relatedness on offspring growth in a placental fish (Heterandria formosa). Polyandry was beneficial as it increased the probability of pregnancy, possibly to avoid genetic incompatibility. However, females mated to four males produced offspring that had a longer maturation time than those of monandrous females. When within-brood relatedness was manipulated, the size of the newborn offspring decreased with time in low-relatedness treatment, whereas in highly related broods, offspring size was constant. Low within-brood relatedness may lead to less cooperative offspring in terms of resource extraction from the mother, which may lead to impaired development during gestation. Offspring conflict may thus reduce the benefits of polyandry in viviparous species.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ala-Honkola
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, PO Box 65, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
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31
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Panhuis TM, Broitman-Maduro G, Uhrig J, Maduro M, Reznick DN. Analysis of expressed sequence tags from the placenta of the live-bearing fish Poeciliopsis (Poeciliidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 102:352-61. [PMID: 21339338 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esr002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Matrotrophic fish in the genus Poeciliopsis (Poeciliidae) have a placenta-like structure used in postfertilization maternal provisioning of the developing embryo. To understand better the structure and function of the Poeciliopsis placenta, we derived cDNA libraries from the maternal follicular placenta of 2 matrotrophic Poeciliopsis sister species, P. turneri and P. presidionis. These species inherited their placenta from a common ancestor and represent one of 3 independent origins of placentas in Poeciliopsis. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated and putative function was determined using BLASTX homology searches and Gene Ontology (GO) annotation. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to verify placenta tissue expression of a putative candidate gene, alpha-2 macroglobulin. In total, 1956 (71.5% of the total submitted ESTs) and 924 (71.0% of the total submitted ESTs) unique transcripts were identified for the P. turneri and P. presidionis placenta, respectively. Homology search and GO annotation revealed putative genes whose products may be involved in specific transport functions of the maternal follicle. These putative genes are excellent candidates for future research on the evolution of the placenta. We discuss our results in light of the parent-offspring conflict theory of placental evolution and in terms of the Poeciliid placenta structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami M Panhuis
- Department of Zoology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH 43015, USA.
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32
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With whom is the gene in conflict in offspring production?: Synthesis of the theories of intragenomic and parent-offspring conflict. J Theor Biol 2010; 266:367-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Revised: 07/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Reproductive Biology, Family Conflict, and Size of Offspring in Marine Invertebrates. Integr Comp Biol 2010; 50:619-29. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icq104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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34
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Kamel SJ, Grosberg RK, Marshall DJ. Family conflicts in the sea. Trends Ecol Evol 2010; 25:442-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2010.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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35
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Ala-Honkola O, Säilä L, Lindström K. Males Prefer Small Females in a Dichotomous Choice Test in the Poeciliid Fish Heterandria formosa. Ethology 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.2010.01789.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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Pollux B, Pires M, Banet A, Reznick D. Evolution of Placentas in the Fish Family Poeciliidae: An Empirical Study of Macroevolution. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2009. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.110308.120209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B.J.A. Pollux
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521; ,
| | - M.N. Pires
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;
| | - A.I. Banet
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;
| | - D.N. Reznick
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521;
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37
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Schrader M, Travis J. DO EMBRYOS INFLUENCE MATERNAL INVESTMENT? EVALUATING MATERNAL-FETAL COADAPTATION AND THE POTENTIAL FOR PARENT-OFFSPRING CONFLICT IN A PLACENTAL FISH. Evolution 2009; 63:2805-15. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Ala-Honkola O, Uddström A, Pauli BD, Lindström K. Strong inbreeding depression in male mating behaviour in a poeciliid fish. J Evol Biol 2009; 22:1396-406. [PMID: 19486236 DOI: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01765.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The magnitude of inbreeding depression is often larger in traits closely related to fitness, such as survival and fecundity, compared to morphological traits. Reproductive behaviour is also closely associated with fitness, and therefore expected to show strong inbreeding depression. Despite this, little is known about how reproductive behaviour is affected by inbreeding. Here we show that one generation of full-sib mating results in a decrease in male reproductive performance in the least killifish (Heterandria formosa). Inbred males performed less gonopodial thrusts and thrust attempts than outbred males (delta = 0.38). We show that this behaviour is closely linked with fitness as gonopodial performance correlates with paternity success. Other traits that show inbreeding depression are offspring viability (delta = 0.06) and maturation time of males (delta = 0.19) and females (delta = 0.14). Outbred matings produced a female biased sex ratio whereas inbred matings produced an even sex ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Outi Ala-Honkola
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Coleman S, Harlin‐Cognato A, Jones A. Reproductive Isolation, Reproductive Mode, and Sexual Selection: Empirical Tests of the Viviparity‐Driven Conflict Hypothesis. Am Nat 2009; 173:291-303. [DOI: 10.1086/596542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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