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Utzman PH, Mays VP, Miller BC, Fairbanks MC, Brazelton WJ, Horvath MP. Metagenome mining and functional analysis reveal oxidized guanine DNA repair at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0284642. [PMID: 38718041 PMCID: PMC11078426 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The GO DNA repair system protects against GC → TA mutations by finding and removing oxidized guanine. The system is mechanistically well understood but its origins are unknown. We searched metagenomes and abundantly found the genes encoding GO DNA repair at the Lost City Hydrothermal Field (LCHF). We recombinantly expressed the final enzyme in the system to show MutY homologs function to suppress mutations. Microbes at the LCHF thrive without sunlight, fueled by the products of geochemical transformations of seafloor rocks, under conditions believed to resemble a young Earth. High levels of the reductant H2 and low levels of O2 in this environment raise the question, why are resident microbes equipped to repair damage caused by oxidative stress? MutY genes could be assigned to metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), and thereby associate GO DNA repair with metabolic pathways that generate reactive oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur species. Our results indicate that cell-based life was under evolutionary pressure to cope with oxidized guanine well before O2 levels rose following the great oxidation event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payton H. Utzman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Vincent P. Mays
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Briggs C. Miller
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Mary C. Fairbanks
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - William J. Brazelton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Martin P. Horvath
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
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Liu Z, Huang Y, Chen H, Liu C, Wang M, Bian C, Wang L, Song L. Chromosome-level genome assembly of the deep-sea snail Phymorhynchus buccinoides provides insights into the adaptation to the cold seep habitat. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:679. [PMID: 37950158 PMCID: PMC10638732 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The deep-sea snail Phymorhynchus buccinoides belongs to the genus Phymorhynchus (Neogastropoda: Raphitomidae), and it is a dominant specie in the cold seep habitat. As the environment of the cold seep is characterized by darkness, hypoxia and high concentrations of toxic substances such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), exploration of the diverse fauna living around cold seeps will help to uncover the adaptive mechanisms to this unique habitat. In the present study, a chromosome-level genome of P. buccinoides was constructed and a series of genomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to explore its molecular adaptation mechanisms to the cold seep environments. RESULTS The assembled genome size of the P. buccinoides was approximately 2.1 Gb, which is larger than most of the reported snail genomes, possibly due to the high proportion of repetitive elements. About 92.0% of the assembled base pairs of contigs were anchored to 34 pseudo-chromosomes with a scaffold N50 size of 60.0 Mb. Compared with relative specie in the shallow water, the glutamate regulative and related genes were expanded in P. buccinoides, which contributes to the acclimation to hypoxia and coldness. Besides, the relatively high mRNA expression levels of the olfactory/chemosensory genes in osphradium indicate that P. buccinoides might have evolved a highly developed and sensitive olfactory organ for its orientation and predation. Moreover, the genome and transcriptome analyses demonstrate that P. buccinoides has evolved a sulfite-tolerance mechanism by performing H2S detoxification. Many genes involved in H2S detoxification were highly expressed in ctenidium and hepatopancreas, suggesting that these tissues might be critical for H2S detoxification and sulfite tolerance. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our report of this chromosome-level deep-sea snail genome provides a comprehensive genomic basis for the understanding of the adaptation strategy of P. buccinoides to the extreme environment at the deep-sea cold seeps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Center of Deep Sea Research, and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Minxiao Wang
- Center of Deep Sea Research, and CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chao Bian
- Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Functional Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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3
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Koito T, Ito Y, Suzuki A, Tame A, Ikuta T, Suzuki M, Mitsunobu S, Sugimura M, Inoue K. Difference in sulfur regulation mechanism between tube-dwelling and free-moving polychaetes sympatrically inhabiting deep-sea hydrothermal chimneys. ZOOLOGICAL LETTERS 2023; 9:18. [PMID: 37789380 PMCID: PMC10548688 DOI: 10.1186/s40851-023-00218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The environment around deep sea hydrothermal vents is characterized by an abundance of sulfur compounds, including toxic hydrogen sulfide. However, numerous communities of various invertebrates are found in it. It is suggested that invertebrates in the vicinity of hydrothermal vents detoxify sulfur compounds by biosynthesis of taurine-related compounds in the body. On the other hand, the vent endemic polychaete Alvinella pompejana has spherocrystals composed of sulfur and other metals in its digestive tract. It was considered that the spherocrystals contribute to the regulation of sulfur in body fluids. Paralvinella spp. and Polynoidae. gen. sp. live sympatrically and in areas most affected by vent fluid. In this study, we focused on the digestive tract of Paralvinella spp. and Polynoidae. gen. sp. to examine whether they have spherocrystals. We also investigated the possible involvement of bacteria in the digestive tract in spherulization. Examination with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy Disperse X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) detected spherocrystals containing sulfur and iron in the digestive tract of Paralvinella spp. In contrast, such spherocrystals were not observed in that of Polynoidae. gen. sp. although sulfur is detected there by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Meta-16S rRNA analysis indicated that the floras of the digestive tracts of the two species were very similar, suggesting that enteric bacteria are not responsible for spherocrystal formation. Analysis of taurine-related compounds indicated that the digestive tissues of Polynoidae. gen. sp. contain a higher amount of hypotaurine and thiotaurine than those of Paralvinella spp. Therefore, the two sympatric polychaetes use different strategies for controlling sulfur, i.e., Paralvinella spp. forms spherocrystals containing elemental sulfur and iron in the digestive tract, but Polynoidae. gen. sp. accumulates taurine-related compounds instead of spherocrystals. Such differences may be related to differences in their lifestyles, i.e., burrow-dweller or free-moving, or may have been acquired phylogenetically in the evolutionary process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Koito
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Ito
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Akihiko Suzuki
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
- Present Address: National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tame
- Marine Works Japan, Ltd., 3-54-1 Oppamahigashi, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0063, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Ikuta
- Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan
| | - Miwa Suzuki
- Department of Marine Science and Resources, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-0880, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mitsunobu
- Department of Science and Technology for Biological Resources and Environment, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Makoto Sugimura
- Enoshima Aquarium, 2-19-1 Katase, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 251-0035, Japan
| | - Koji Inoue
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-Shi, Chiba, 277-8564, Japan
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4
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Defense System of the Manila Clam Ruditapes philippinarum under High-Temperature and Hydrogen Sulfide Conditions. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020278. [PMID: 36829555 PMCID: PMC9953514 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) acts as an environmental toxin. Despite its toxicity, little is known about the defense strategies of marine bivalves against it. Thus, the tolerance, behavioral characteristics, and physiological response strategies against H2S treatment in the sentinel organism Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum were examined. We monitored the survival and behavioral status of Manila clams exposed to different combinations of temperature and H2S. The physiological response strategies were examined by measuring the enzymatic activity of cytochrome C oxidase (CCO), fumarate reductase (FRD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase enzymes (CAT). Moreover, adverse effects of H2S on the tissue and cell structure of Manila clams were also examined under a transmission electron microscope. Manila clams responded to H2S stress through behavioral and chemical defenses. With exposure to H2S alone, Manila clams primarily enhanced aerobic respiratory metabolic pathways in the beginning stages by opening the shell and increasing the CCO activity to obtain more oxygen; with increasing exposure time, when aerobic respiration was inhibited, the shell was closed, and FRD, CAT, and SOD were activated. At this point, Manila clams responded to H2S stress through the anaerobic metabolism and antioxidant defense systems. However, high temperatures (≥28 °C) altered the defense strategy of Manila clams. With co-exposure to high temperatures and high H2S concentrations (≥20 μmol/L), the Manila clams immediately closed their shells and changed from aerobic respiration to anaerobic metabolism while immediately activating antioxidant defense systems. Nevertheless, this defense strategy was short lived. In addition to this, apparent damage to tissue and cell structures, including mitochondrial ridge dissolution and many vacuoles, was observed in Manila clams exposed to high temperatures and high H2S concentrations. Thus, prolonged exposure to high temperature and H2S damages the tissue structure of Manila clams, affecting their behavioral capacity and future survival. In summary, profiling Manila clams' physiological response strategies to H2S exposure provided ecological behavioral support for our current understanding of H2S detrimental toxicity on marine bivalves.
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Wang Y, Zheng Y, Dong J, Zhang X. Two-sided effects of prolonged hypoxia and sulfide exposure on juvenile ark shells (Anadara broughtonii). MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 169:105326. [PMID: 33848850 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen deficit and sulfide have been restrictive factors in mariculture zones. However, the adaptive mechanism in aquatic lives is still unclear. The commercial ark shells Anadara broughtonii were selected to test the tolerance and adaptive responses to prolonged and intermittent hypoxia with or without exogenous sulfide (mild, moderate, high) by evaluating their behavior, mortality, oxidative level, antioxidant responses, and the MAPK-mediated apoptosis in gills. The results indicated that the clams were tolerant to hypoxia and sulfide exposure but vulnerable during reoxygenation from the challenges. Even so, sulfide had remarkable effect on attenuating the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides caused by reoxygenation from prolonged hypoxia. The increase of glutathione level was probably as an early and primary protective response to prevent the expected reperfusion injury from reoxygenation. The challenges suppressed the oxidative level with a dose-dependent effect of sulfide, with an exception when exposed to mild sulfide. Synchronously, biphasic effects of exogenous sulfide on apoptotic cascade, which was induced by mild sulfide while it was inhibited by higher sulfide, were also detected in gills. The induced or inhibited apoptosis by hypoxia and sulfide kept to a typical ROS-MAPK-CASPASE cascade, desiderating further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Wang
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
| | - Yingqiu Zheng
- Fishery College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jianyu Dong
- Fishery College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiumei Zhang
- Fishery College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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6
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Szabo C. Hydrogen Sulfide, an Endogenous Stimulator of Mitochondrial Function in Cancer Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020220. [PMID: 33499368 PMCID: PMC7911547 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has a long history as toxic gas and environmental hazard; inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase (mitochondrial Complex IV) is viewed as a primary mode of its cytotoxic action. However, studies conducted over the last two decades unveiled multiple biological regulatory roles of H2S as an endogenously produced mammalian gaseous transmitter. Cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) are currently viewed as the principal mammalian H2S-generating enzymes. In contrast to its inhibitory (toxicological) mitochondrial effects, at lower (physiological) concentrations, H2S serves as a stimulator of electron transport in mammalian mitochondria, by acting as an electron donor—with sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) being the immediate electron acceptor. The mitochondrial roles of H2S are significant in various cancer cells, many of which exhibit high expression and partial mitochondrial localization of various H2S producing enzymes. In addition to the stimulation of mitochondrial ATP production, the roles of endogenous H2S in cancer cells include the maintenance of mitochondrial organization (protection against mitochondrial fission) and the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA repair (via the stimulation of the assembly of mitochondrial DNA repair complexes). The current article overviews the state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the mitochondrial functions of endogenously produced H2S in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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7
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Ng SY, Ong KX, Surendran ST, Sinha A, Lai JJH, Chen J, Liang J, Tay LKS, Cui L, Loo HL, Ho P, Han J, Moreira W. Hydrogen Sulfide Sensitizes Acinetobacter baumannii to Killing by Antibiotics. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1875. [PMID: 32849459 PMCID: PMC7427342 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to confer antibiotic tolerance in all bacteria studied to date. Therefore, this mediator has been speculated to be a universal defense mechanism against antibiotics in bacteria. This is assuming that all bacteria produce endogenous H2S. In this study, we established that the pathogenic bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii does not produce endogenous H2S, giving us the opportunity to test the effect of exogenous H2S on antibiotic tolerance in a bacterium that does not produce it. By using a H2S-releasing compound to modulate the sulfide content in A. baumannii, we demonstrated that instead of conferring antibiotic tolerance, exogenous H2S sensitized A. baumannii to multiple antibiotic classes, and was able to revert acquired resistance to gentamicin. Exogenous H2S triggered a perturbation of redox and energy homeostasis that translated into hypersensitivity to antibiotic killing. We propose that H2S could be used as an antibiotic-potentiator and resistance-reversion agent in bacteria that do not produce it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Say Yong Ng
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Xun Ong
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Smitha Thamarath Surendran
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-Medicine Interdisciplinary Research Group (CAMP IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ameya Sinha
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joey Jia Hui Lai
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jacqueline Chen
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leona Kwan Sing Tay
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang Cui
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hooi Linn Loo
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peiying Ho
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jongyoon Han
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Wilfried Moreira
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group (AMR IRG), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre, Singapore, Singapore
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Liu D, Zhang J, Lü C, Xia Y, Liu H, Jiao N, Xun L, Liu J. Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC7002 Uses Sulfide:Quinone Oxidoreductase To Detoxify Exogenous Sulfide and To Convert Endogenous Sulfide to Cellular Sulfane Sulfur. mBio 2020; 11:e03420-19. [PMID: 32098824 PMCID: PMC7042703 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03420-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Eutrophication and deoxygenation possibly occur in coastal waters due to excessive nutrients from agricultural and aquacultural activities, leading to sulfide accumulation. Cyanobacteria, as photosynthetic prokaryotes, play significant roles in carbon fixation in the ocean. Although some cyanobacteria can use sulfide as the electron donor for photosynthesis under anaerobic conditions, little is known on how they interact with sulfide under aerobic conditions. In this study, we report that Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7002 (PCC7002), harboring an sqr gene encoding sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQR), oxidized self-produced sulfide to S0, present as persulfide and polysulfide in the cell. The Δsqr mutant contained less cellular S0 and had increased expression of key genes involved in photosynthesis, but it was less competitive than the wild type in cocultures. Further, PCC7002 with SQR and persulfide dioxygenase (PDO) oxidized exogenous sulfide to tolerate high sulfide levels. Thus, SQR offers some benefits to cyanobacteria even under aerobic conditions, explaining the common presence of SQR in cyanobacteria.IMPORTANCE Cyanobacteria are a major force for primary production via oxygenic photosynthesis in the ocean. A marine cyanobacterium, PCC7002, is actively involved in sulfide metabolism. It uses SQR to detoxify exogenous sulfide, enabling it to survive better than its Δsqr mutant in sulfide-rich environments. PCC7002 also uses SQR to oxidize endogenously generated sulfide to S0, which is required for the proper expression of key genes involved in photosynthesis. Thus, SQR has at least two physiological functions in PCC7002. The observation provides a new perspective for the interplays of C and S cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daixi Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiajie Zhang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanjuan Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Jihua Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Joint Lab for Ocean Research and Education at Dalhousie University, Shandong University and Xiamen University, Qingdao, China
- Institute of Marine Microbes and Ecospheres, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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9
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Rodríguez-Martínez RE, Medina-Valmaseda AE, Blanchon P, Monroy-Velázquez LV, Almazán-Becerril A, Delgado-Pech B, Vásquez-Yeomans L, Francisco V, García-Rivas MC. Faunal mortality associated with massive beaching and decomposition of pelagic Sargassum. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 146:201-205. [PMID: 31426147 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, the Mexican Caribbean coast received a massive influx of pelagic Sargassum spp. that accumulated and decayed on beaches producing organic decomposition products that made the water turbid and brown. Between May and September of the same year there were several reports of mass mortality of marine biota in this area. From these reports we estimate that organisms belonging to 78 faunal species died as result of this event, with demersal neritic fish and Crustacea being the most affected groups. The cause of mortality appears to be the combined effect of high ammonium and hydrogen sulfide concentrations, together with hypoxic conditions. If massive arrival of pelagic Sargassum spp. continues and algae is left to decay on the beach in large volumes then deterioration in water quality could affect coral reefs close to shore. Furthermore, barriers placed in lagoons to intercept the Sargassum spp. before it reaches the beach could impact reef fauna if the algae is left to die and sink on site.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Rodríguez-Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580, Mexico.
| | - A E Medina-Valmaseda
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580, Mexico
| | - P Blanchon
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580, Mexico
| | - L V Monroy-Velázquez
- Colección Nacional de Crustáceos, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - A Almazán-Becerril
- Laboratorio Ecología Costera, Unidad de Ciencias del Agua, CICY, Calle 8, No. 39, S. M. 64, Cancún, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - B Delgado-Pech
- Laboratorio Ecología Costera, Unidad de Ciencias del Agua, CICY, Calle 8, No. 39, S. M. 64, Cancún, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - L Vásquez-Yeomans
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Unidad Chetumal, Depto. de Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, Av. Centenario km 5.5, Col. Pacto Obrero, 77014 Chetumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico
| | - V Francisco
- Parque Nacional Arrecife de Puerto Morelos, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580, Mexico
| | - M C García-Rivas
- Parque Nacional Arrecife de Puerto Morelos, Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas, Prolongación Avenida Niños Héroes S/N, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo 77580, Mexico
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10
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Wang Y, Zhou S, Liu T, Chen M, Li W, Zhang X. The transcriptomic responses of the ark shell, Anadara broughtonii, to sulfide and hypoxia exposure. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:4245-4257. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04879-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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11
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Lazarević M, Mazzon E, Momčilović M, Basile MS, Colletti G, Petralia MC, Bramanti P, Nicoletti F, Miljković Đ. The H₂S Donor GYY4137 Stimulates Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in BV2 Cells While Suppressing the Secretion of TNF and Nitric Oxide. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112966. [PMID: 30441775 PMCID: PMC6278327 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
GYY4137 is a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor that has been shown to act in an anti-inflammatory manner in vitro and in vivo. Microglial cells are among the major players in immunoinflammatory, degenerative, and neoplastic disorders of the central nervous system, including multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and glioblastoma multiforme. So far, the effects of GYY4137 on microglial cells have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, BV2 microglial cells were stimulated with interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide and treated with GYY4137. The agent did not influence the viability of BV2 cells in concentrations up to 200 μM. It inhibited tumor necrosis factor but not interleukin-6 production. Expression of CD40 and CD86 were reduced under the influence of the donor. The phagocytic ability of BV2 cells and nitric oxide production were also affected by the agent. Surprisingly, GYY4137 upregulated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by BV2 cells. The effect was mimicked by another H2S donor, Na2S, and it was not reproduced in macrophages. Our results demonstrate that GYY4137 downregulates inflammatory properties of BV2 cells but increases their ability to generate ROS. Further investigation of this unexpected phenomenon is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Lazarević
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Miljana Momčilović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Maria Sofia Basile
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Colletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Đorđe Miljković
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
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12
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Li X, Liu X, Qin Z, Wei M, Hou X, Zhang T, Zhang Z. A novel transcription factor Rwdd1 and its SUMOylation inhibit the expression of sqr, a key gene of mitochondrial sulfide metabolism in Urechis unicinctus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 204:180-189. [PMID: 30278355 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide-quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) is a key enzyme of sulfide metabolism in metazoans, and responsible for oxidizing sulfide into thiosulfate and transmitting the generated electrons to the ubiquinone. It has been revealed that the sqr mRNA level increases significantly in echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus exposed to sulfide, and HSF1, NF1 and Sp1 have been verified to participate in its transcriptional regulation. In this study, we obtained 23 potential transcription factors interacting possibly with the proximal region (-391 to +50) of sqr promoter, and focused on the RWD domain-containing 1 (Rwdd1), a protein with the maximum number of clones in yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) screening, to investigate its transcriptional regulation to U. unincitus sqr. The ChIP and EMSA assays identified that the Rwdd1 can bind directly to the promoter (+18/+36) of U. unicinctus sqr. The point mutation and transient transfection experiments discovered that TACG was the key sequence of the DNA element bound by the Rwdd1. Furthermore, the U. unicinctus Rwdd1 (UuRwdd1) was identified to be a transcription repressor inhibiting the sqr promoter activity, and the SUMOylation of UuRwdd1 at the lysine of 90th enhanced its inhibitory effect on sqr transcription further. Western blotting found Rwdd1 responded to sulfide in hindguts from U. unincitus, and the protein content showed a remarkable drop in hindgut nuclei in the early sulfide exposure, and then increased significantly both in the total protein and the nuclear protein extract. We suggested that the Rwdd1 is a novel transcription factor, and these data improve our understanding of the sqr transcriptional regulation and the mitochondrial sulfide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyu Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhenkui Qin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Maokai Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xitan Hou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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13
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Fu LH, Wei ZZ, Hu KD, Hu LY, Li YH, Chen XY, Han Z, Yao GF, Zhang H. Hydrogen sulfide inhibits the growth of Escherichia coli through oxidative damage. J Microbiol 2018; 56:238-245. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-018-7537-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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14
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Zhang J, Sun QL, Luan ZD, Lian C, Sun L. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Rimicaris sp. reveals novel molecular features associated with survival in deep-sea hydrothermal vent. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2000. [PMID: 28515421 PMCID: PMC5435735 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrimp of the family Alvinocarididae are the predominant megafauna of deep-sea hydrothermal vents. However, genome information on this family is currently unavailable. In the present study, by employing Illumina sequencing, we performed the first de novo transcriptome analysis of the gills of the shrimp Rimicaris sp. from the hydrothermal vent in Desmos, Manus Basin. The analysis was conducted in a comparative manner with the shrimp taken directly from the vent (GR samples) and the shrimp that had been maintained for ten days under normal laboratory condition (mGR samples). Among the 128,938 unigenes identified, a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the GR and mGR samples were detected, including 2365 and 1607 genes significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in GR. The DEGs covered diverse functional categories. Most of the DEGs associated with immunity were downregulated in GR, while most of the DEGs associated with sulfur metabolism and detoxification were upregulated in GR. These results provide the first comprehensive transcriptomic resource for hydrothermal vent Rimicaris and revealed varied categories of genes likely involved in deep-sea survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Deep Sea Research Center, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qing-Lei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Luan
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.,Deep Sea Research Center, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chao Lian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Liu X, Zhang Z, Ma X, Li X, Zhou D, Gao B, Bai Y. Sulfide exposure results in enhanced sqr transcription through upregulating the expression and activation of HSF1 in echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:229-239. [PMID: 26675369 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide is a natural, widely distributed, poisonous substance. Sulfide: quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) is responsible for the initial oxidation of sulfide in mitochondria. To study transcriptional regulation of sqr after sulfide exposure, a 2.6-kb sqr upstream sequence from echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus was cloned by genome walking. Bioinformatics analysis showed 3 heat shock elements (HSEs) in proximal promoter region of the sqr upstream sequence. Moreover, an Hsf1 cDNA in U. unicinctus (UuHsf1) was isolated with a full-length sequence of 2334 bp and its polyclonal antibody was prepared using U. unicinctus HSF1 (UuHSF1) expressed prokaryotically with whole sequence of its open reading frame (ORF). In vivo ChIP and in vitro EMSA assays revealed UuHSF1 could interact with the sqr proximal promoter region. Transient transfection and mutation assays indicated that UuHSF1 bound specifically to HSE (-155bp to -143bp) and enhanced the transcription of sqr. Furthermore, sulfide treatment experiments demonstrated that sulfide could increase the expression of HSF1 protein, and induce trimerization of the protein which binds to HSEs and then activate sqr transcription. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed sqr mRNA level increased significantly after U. unicinctus was exposed to sulfide for 6h, which corresponded to content changes of both trimeric HSF1 and HSF1-HSE complex. We concluded that UuHSF1 is a transcription factor of sqr and sulfide could induce sqr transcription by upregulating the expression and activation of HSF1 in U. unicinctus exposed to sulfide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xueyu Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Beibei Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yajiao Bai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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16
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Liu X, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Ma X, Liu J. Transcriptional response to sulfide in the Echiuran Worm Urechis unicinctus by digital gene expression analysis. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:829. [PMID: 26487380 PMCID: PMC4618349 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Urechis unicinctus, an echiuran worm inhabiting the U-shaped burrows in the coastal mud flats, is an important commercial and ecological invertebrate in Northeast Asian countries, which has potential applications in the study of animal evolution, coastal sediment improvement and marine drug development. Furthermore, the worm can tolerate and utilize well-known toxicant-sulfide. However, knowledge is limited on the molecular mechanism of U. unicinctus responding to sulfide due to deficiency of its genetic information. Methods In this study, we performed Illumina sequencing to obtain the first Urechis unicinctus transcriptome data. Sequenced reads were assembled and then annotated using blast searches against Nr, Nt, Swiss-Prot, KEGG and COG. The clean tags from four digital gene expression (DGE) libraries were mapped to the U. unicinctus transcriptome. DGE analysis and functional annotation were then performed to reveal its response to sulfide. The expressions of 12 candidate genes were validated using quantitative real-time PCR. The results of qRT-PCR were regressed against the DGE analysis, with a correlation coefficient and p-value reported for each of them. Results Here we first present a draft of U. unicinctus transcriptome using the Illumina HiSeqTM 2000 platform and 52,093 unique sequences were assembled with the average length of 738 bp and N50 of 1131 bp. About 51.6 % of the transcriptome were functionally annotated based on the databases of Nr, Nt, Swiss-Prot, KEGG and COG. Then based on the transcriptome, the digital gene expression analysis was conducted to examine the transcriptional response to sulfide during 6, 24 and 48 h exposure, and finally 1705, 1181 and 1494 tag-mapped genes were identified as differentially expressed genes in the 6-h, 24-h and 48-h libraries, then were further subjected to pathway analyses. Conclusions In the DGE database of U. unicinctus, the alterations in certain known sulfide-related pathways indicate similar changes in response to sulfide. For more than 80 % of the identified pathway members, this is the first report on their association with sulfide stress, among which glycolysis pathway and PIDD involving pathways were unique and discussed in details, and were thought to play important roles in the sulfide tolerance of U. unicinctus. All the results are helpful to explain the mechanism of sulfide tolerance and detoxification. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2094-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Litao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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17
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An antifungal role of hydrogen sulfide on the postharvest pathogens Aspergillus niger and Penicillium italicum. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104206. [PMID: 25101960 PMCID: PMC4125178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this research, the antifungal role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the postharvest pathogens Aspergillus niger and Penicillium italicum growing on fruits and under culture conditions on defined media was investigated. Our results show that H2S, released by sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) effectively reduced the postharvest decay of fruits induced by A. niger and P. italicum. Furthermore, H2S inhibited spore germination, germ tube elongation, mycelial growth, and produced abnormal mycelial contractions when the fungi were grown on defined media in Petri plates. Further studies showed that H2S could cause an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A. niger. In accordance with this observation we show that enzyme activities and the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) genes in A. niger treated with H2S were lower than those in control. Moreover, H2S also significantly inhibited the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rhizopus oryzae, the human pathogen Candida albicans, and several food-borne bacteria. We also found that short time exposure of H2S showed a microbicidal role rather than just inhibiting the growth of microbes. Taken together, this study suggests the potential value of H2S in reducing postharvest loss and food spoilage caused by microbe propagation.
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18
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Zhang L, Liu X, Liu J, Zhang Z. Characteristics and function of sulfur dioxygenase in Echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81885. [PMID: 24312599 PMCID: PMC3846777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sulfide is a common toxin to animals and is abundant in coastal and aquatic sediments. Sulfur dioxygenase (SDO) is thought to be the key enzyme involved in sulfide oxidation in some organisms. The echiuran worm, Urechis unicinctus, inhabits coastal sediment and tolerates high concentrations of sulfide. The SDO is presumably important for sulfide tolerance in U. unicinctus. Results The full-length cDNA of SDO from the echiuran worm U. unicinctus, proven to be located in the mitochondria, was cloned and the analysis of its sequence suggests that it belongs to the metallo-β-lactamase superfamily. The enzyme was produced using an E. coli expression system and the measured activity is approximately 0.80 U mg protein−1. Furthermore, the expression of four sub-segments of the U. unicinctus SDO was accomplished leading to preliminary identification of functional domains of the enzyme. The identification of the conserved metal I (H113, H115, H169 and D188), metal II (D117, H118, H169 and H229) as well as the potential glutathione (GSH) (R197, Y231, M279 and I283) binding sites was determined by enzyme activity and GSH affinity measurements. The key residues responsible for SDO activity were identified by analysis of simultaneous mutations of residues D117 and H118 located close to the metal II binding site. Conclusion The recombinant SDO from U. unicinctus was produced, purified and characterized. The metal binding sites in the SDO were identified and Y231 recognized as the mostly important amino acid residue for GSH binding. Our results show that SDO is located in the mitochondria where it plays an important role in sulfide detoxification of U. unicinctus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
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Hoffman M, Rajapakse A, Shen X, Gates KS. Generation of DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species via the autoxidation of hydrogen sulfide under physiologically relevant conditions: chemistry relevant to both the genotoxic and cell signaling properties of H(2)S. Chem Res Toxicol 2012; 25:1609-15. [PMID: 22621314 DOI: 10.1021/tx300066z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) has long been known for its toxic properties; however, in recent years, evidence has emerged that this small, gaseous molecule may serve as an endogenous cell-signaling agent. Though perhaps surprising in light of its potential role as an endogenous signaling agent, a number of studies have provided evidence that H(2)S is a DNA-damaging mutagen. In the work reported here, the chemical mechanisms of DNA damage by H(2)S were examined. Using a plasmid-based DNA strand cleavage assay, we found that micromolar concentrations of H(2)S generated single-strand DNA cleavage. Mechanistic studies indicate that this process involved autoxidation of H(2)S to generate superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and, ultimately, the well-known DNA-damaging agent hydroxyl radical via a trace metal-mediated Fenton-type reaction. Strand cleavage by H(2)S proceeded in the presence of physiological thiol concentrations, and the known byproducts of H(2)S oxidation such as thiosulfate, sulfite, and sulfate do not contribute to the strand cleavage process. However, initially generated oxidation products such as persulfide (S(2)(2-)) likely undergo rapid autoxidation reactions that contribute to the generation of superoxide. The potential relevance of autoxidation processes to the genotoxic and cell signaling properties of H(2)S is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie Hoffman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 125 Chemistry Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Shi X, Shao M, Zhang L, Ma Y, Zhang Z. Screening of genes related to sulfide metabolism in Urechis unicinctus (Echiura, Urechidae) using suppression subtractive hybridization and cDNA microarray analysis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2012; 7:254-9. [PMID: 22591583 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous sulfide can generally induce metabolic injuries in most organisms and even cause death. However, organisms inhabiting intertidal zones, hydrothermal vents, and cold seeps, can tolerate, metabolize, and utilize sulfide. In this study, both suppression subtractive hybridization and cDNA microarray analysis were employed to screen sulfide metabolism-related genes from the body wall in echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus, a marine sediment species. A total of 3456 monoclones were isolated and 82 were identified as differentially expressed genes in worms exposed to 50 μM sulfide for 24 h, compared to controls. The identified genes encoded proteins with multiple processes, including metabolism, cellular process, biological regulation, response to stimulus, multicellular organismal process, localization, development, and cellular component organization. Eight genes, serase, vacuolar protein, src tyrosine kinase, sulfide oxidase-like oxidoreductase, aprataxin, SN-RNP, aminopeptidase, and predicted protein, were selected to verify expression in the worm using qRT-PCR. The agreement of gene expression evaluation was 62.5% between the results of microarray analysis and qRT-PCR. These new data will provide clues for further probing of the molecular mechanism of sulfide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Shi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China
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Ma YB, Zhang ZF, Shao MY, Kang KH, Shi XL, Dong YP, Li JL. Response of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase to sulfide exposure in the echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2012; 14:245-251. [PMID: 21997848 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-011-9408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide is a natural, widely distributed, poisonous substance, and sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) is responsible for the initial oxidation of sulfide in mitochondria. In this study, we examined the response of SQR to sulfide exposure (25, 50, and 150 μM) at mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity levels in the body wall and hindgut of the echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus, a benthic organism living in marine sediments. The results revealed SQR mRNA expression during sulfide exposure in the body wall and hindgut increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner that increased significantly at 12 h and continuously increased with time. At the protein level, SQR expression in the two tissues showed a time-dependent relationship that increased significantly at 12 h in 50 μM sulfide and 6 h in 150 μM, and then continued to increase with time while no significant increase appeared after 25 μM sulfide exposure. SQR enzyme activity in both tissues increased significantly in a time-dependent manner after 50 μM sulfide exposure. We concluded that SQR expression could be induced by sulfide exposure and that the two tissues studied have dissimilar sulfide metabolic patterns. A U. unicinctus sulfide-induced detoxification mechanism was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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Ma YB, Zhang ZF, Shao MY, Kang KH, Tan Z, Li JL. Sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase from echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2011; 13:93-107. [PMID: 20419499 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-010-9273-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Sulfide is a natural, widely distributed, poisonous substance, and sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) has been identified to be responsible for the initial oxidation of sulfide in mitochondria. In this study, full-length SQR cDNA was cloned from the echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus, a benthic organism living in marine sediments. The protein consisted of 451 amino acids with a theoretical pI of 8.98 and molecular weight of 50.5 kDa. Subsequently, the SQR mRNA expression in different tissues was assessed by real-time reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction and showed that the highest expression was in midgut, followed by anal sacs and coelomic fluid cells, and then body wall and hindgut. Furthermore, activated SQR was obtained by dilution refolding of recombinant SQR expression in E. coli, and the refolded product showed optimal activity at 37 °C and pH 8.5 and K (m) for ubiquinone and sulfide at 15.6 µM and 40.3 µM, respectively. EDTA and GSH had an activating effect on refolded SQR, while Zn(2+) caused decreased activity. Western blot showed that SQR in vivo was located in mitochondria and was ∼ 10 kDa heavier than the recombinant protein. In addition, SQR, detected by immunohistochemistry, was mainly located in the epithelium of all tissues examined. Ultrastructural observations of these tissues' epithelium by transmission electron microscopy provided indirect cytological evidence for its mitochondrial location. Interesting aspects of the U. unicinctus SQR amino acid sequence, its catalytic mechanism, and the different roles of these tissues in sulfide metabolic adaptation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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