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Hernandez M, Suni S. Effects of landscape, resource use, and body size on genetic structure in bee populations. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11358. [PMID: 38742185 PMCID: PMC11089087 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Quantifying genetic structure and levels of genetic variation are fundamentally important to predicting the ability of populations to persist in human-altered landscapes and adapt to future environmental changes. Genetic structure reflects the dispersal of individuals over generations, which can be mediated by species-level traits or environmental factors. Dispersal distances are commonly positively associated with body size and negatively associated with the amount of degraded habitat between sites, motivating the investigation of these potential drivers of dispersal concomitantly. We quantified genetic structure and genetic variability within populations of seven bee species from the genus Euglossa across fragmented landscapes. We genotyped bees at SNP loci and tested the following predictions: (1) deforested areas restrict gene flow; (2) larger species have lower genetic structure; (3) species with greater resource specialization have higher genetic structure; and (4) sites surrounded by more intact habitat have higher genetic diversity. Contrasting with previous work on bees, we found no associations between body size and genetic structure. Genetic structure was higher for species with greater resource specialization, and the amount of intact habitat between or surrounding sites was positively associated with parameters reflecting gene flow and genetic diversity. These results challenge the dominant paradigm that individuals of larger species disperse farther, and they suggest that landscape and resource requirements are important factors mediating dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sevan Suni
- The University of San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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2
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Rodrigues DP, Konzen MQ, Decian VS, Hartmann M, Galiano D, Hartmann PA. Response of small mammal species to landscape metrics in a highly fragmented area in the Atlantic forest of southern Brazil. MAMMALIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2021-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The high rate of destruction of natural habitats has diminished fragments size, which negatively impacts small mammal community species richness and composition. We investigated the abundance of small non-flying mammal species in association with three landscape metrics: the size of the fragment (AREA); the shape index of the fragment (SHAPE); and the size of the central area of the fragment (CORE) in six forest fragments in a highly fragmented landscape of southern Brazil. Three rodent species (Akodon montensis, Oligoryzomys nigripes, Sooretamys angouya) and one marsupial species (Gracilinanus microtarsus) were captured in total. We used generalized linear models to test the influence of the landscape metrics on the abundance of the three most abundant species of small mammals captured (A. montensis, O. nigripes and S. angouya). Among the three species analyzed, A. montensis presented a significant negative association with the metric CORE; O. nigripes and S. angouya presented a positive association with the metric AREA and negative with the metric CORE. The negative association of A. montensis, O. nigripes and S. angouya with the core area of the fragments, and the absence of association of all species with the shape of the fragments indicate that these species might benefit from the effects of habitat fragmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Pereira Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Erechim , ERS 135 - Km 72, n°200 , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Maurício Quoos Konzen
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Erechim , ERS 135 - Km 72, n°200 , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Vanderlei Secretti Decian
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, Campus Erechim , Av. Sete de Setembro, 1621 , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Marilia Hartmann
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Erechim , ERS 135 - Km 72, n°200 , Erechim , RS , Brazil
| | - Daniel Galiano
- Laboratório de Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Realeza , Rua Edmundo Gaievisk, 1000 , Realeza , PR , Brazil
| | - Paulo Afonso Hartmann
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Erechim , ERS 135 - Km 72, n°200 , Erechim , RS , Brazil
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Reyes-Puig JP, Reyes-Puig C, Franco-Mena D, Jost L, Yánez-Muñoz MH. Strong differentiation between amphibian communities on two adjacent mountains in the Upper Rio Pastaza watershed of Ecuador, with descriptions of two new species of terrestrial frogs. Zookeys 2022; 1081:35-87. [PMID: 35087295 PMCID: PMC8763828 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1081.71488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the results of herpetological surveys in two adjacent mountains where the EcoMinga Foundation protects the cloud forest in the Upper Rio Pastaza watershed, in the Llanganates Sangay Ecological Corridor in Ecuador. A rapid assessment of the amphibian communities of the study sites reveals a diverse and heterogeneous composition, dominated by terrestrial frogs from the genus Pristimantis. We also identify a cryptic diversity with a significant number of candidate new species. We describe two new species of terrestrial frogs of the genus Pristimantis. Pristimantis maryanneaesp. nov. is characterised by not having tympanum externally visible and having 2–3 subconical tubercles in the upper eyelid; and Pristimantis burtoniorumsp. nov. is characterised by the presence of red colouration in hidden surfaces of the hind-limbs, tubercles on the upper eyelid, interorbital tubercle and a row of rounded tubercles along the snout to the tip and a pale red venter with dark brown mottled pattern. Our samples from the two Reserves do not share species between them, so the proportion of shared species seems to be relatively low. In addition, we highlight the importance of updating the knowledge of amphibians that are restricted to this important conservation region and comment about the threats and composition of the amphibian communities on the eastern slopes of the Upper Rio Pastaza watershed.
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Abstract
Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla) populations have persisted despite urban and rural development throughout the species’ range; yet it is possible that P. regilla, like other anurans with which it historically co-occurred, will become extirpated from cities and suburbs if urbanization intensifies as predicted. An improved understanding of the conditions that enable this species to persist in developed landscapes is needed to identify and conserve suitable habitats. We investigated species-habitat relationships for P. regilla in a mixed urban-rural landscape in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, to identify potential criteria for habitat suitability. We conducted repeat auditory surveys of chorusing males at 52 potential breeding wetlands and modeled occupancy at 26 of these sites using local and landscape variables representing competing hypotheses and spatial scales of influence. The models that best explained P. regilla occupancy included a combination of terrestrial habitat and connectivity factors and the presence of non-native predators. We found that the proportion of impervious cover within 250 m of a wetland had the strongest negative impact on occupancy. Our findings suggest that availability of terrestrial habitat adjacent to breeding sites is the primary driver of species presence in the developed landscape. Conservation efforts should seek to limit impervious cover to less than 20% within a 250-m buffer around breeding wetlands. Further, restored and created wetlands in urban and rural areas may be more likely to support P. regilla if they are designed with a seasonal hydroperiod that excludes non-native aquatic predators and are placed in an area of high pond density.
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5
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Schmidt C, Garroway CJ. The population genetics of urban and rural amphibians in North America. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:3918-3929. [PMID: 34053153 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human land transformation is one of the leading causes of vertebrate population declines. These declines are thought to be partly due to decreased connectivity and habitat loss reducing animal population sizes in disturbed habitats. With time, this can lead to declines in effective population size and genetic diversity which restrict the ability of wildlife to efficiently cope with environmental change through genetic adaptation. However, it is not well understood whether these effects generally hold across taxa. We address this question by repurposing and synthesizing raw microsatellite data from online repositories for 19 amphibian species sampled at 554 georeferenced sites in North America. For each site, we estimated gene diversity, allelic richness, effective population size, and population differentiation. Using binary urban-rural census designations, and continuous measures of human population density, the Human Footprint Index, and impervious surface cover, we tested for generalizable effects of human land use on amphibian genetic diversity. We found minimal evidence, either positive or negative, for relationships between genetic metrics and urbanization. Together with previous work on focal species that also found varying effects of urbanization on genetic composition, it seems likely that the consequences of urbanization are not easily generalizable within or across amphibian species. Questions about the genetic consequences of urbanization for amphibians should be addressed on a case-by-case basis. This contrasts with general negative effects of urbanization in mammals and consistent, but species-specific, positive and negative effects in birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Schmidt
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Colin J Garroway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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6
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Abreu‐Jardim TPF, Jardim L, Ballesteros‐Mejia L, Maciel NM, Collevatti RG. Predicting impacts of global climatic change on genetic and phylogeographical diversity of a Neotropical treefrog. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tatianne P. F. Abreu‐Jardim
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Goiânia Brazil
- Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Brazil
| | - Lucas Jardim
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) em Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Goiânia Brazil
| | - Liliana Ballesteros‐Mejia
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) UMR 7205 – CNRS MNHN UMPC EPHE Muséum National d'Histoire NaturelleSorbonne Université Paris France
| | - Natan M. Maciel
- Laboratório de Herpetologia e Comportamento Animal Departamento de Ecologia Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Brazil
| | - Rosane G. Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Goiânia Brazil
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7
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Isolation-by-distance and male-biased dispersal at a fine spatial scale: a study of the common European adder (Vipera berus) in a rural landscape. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Ribeiro SE, de Almeida-Rocha JM, Weber MM, Kajin M, Lorini ML, Cerqueira R. Do anthropogenic matrix and life-history traits structure small mammal populations? A meta-analytical approach. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01352-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Ospina OE, Tieu L, Apodaca JJ, Lemmon EM. Hidden Diversity in the Mountain Chorus Frog (Pseudacris brachyphona) and the Diagnosis of a New Species of Chorus Frog in the Southeastern United States. COPEIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1643/ch2020009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar E. Ospina
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32306; (EML) . Send reprint requests to this address
| | - Lynee Tieu
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32306; (EML) . Send reprint requests to this address
| | - Joseph J. Apodaca
- Tangled Bank Conservation, 128 Bingham Road, Suite 1150, Asheville, North Carolina 28806;
| | - Emily Moriarty Lemmon
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, 319 Stadium Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32306; (EML) . Send reprint requests to this address
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Cayuela H, Valenzuela-Sánchez A, Teulier L, Martínez-Solano Í, Léna JP, Merilä J, Muths E, Shine R, Quay L, Denoël M, Clobert J, Schmidt BR. Determinants and Consequences of Dispersal in Vertebrates with Complex Life Cycles: A Review of Pond-Breeding Amphibians. QUARTERLY REVIEW OF BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1086/707862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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11
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Monroy-Vilchis O, Heredia-Bobadilla RL, Zarco-González MM, Ávila-Akerberg V, Sunny A. Genetic diversity and structure of two endangered mole salamander species of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. HERPETOZOA 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.32.e38023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important factor leading to amphibian population declines and extinctions is habitat degradation and destruction. To help prevent further extinctions, studies are needed to make appropriate conservation decisions in small and fragmented populations. The goal of this study was to provide data from the population genetics of two micro-endemic mole salamanders from the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Nine microsatellite markers were used to study the population genetics of 152 individuals from twoAmbystomaspecies. We sampled 38 individuals in two localities forA. altamiraniandA. rivualre. We found medium to high levels of genetic diversity expressed as heterozygosity in the populations. However, all the populations presented few alleles per locus and genotypes. We found strong genetic structure between populations for each species. Effective population size was small but similar to that of the studies from other mole salamanders with restricted distributions or with recently fragmented habitats. Despite the medium to high levels of genetic diversity expressed as heterozygosity, we found few alleles, evidence of a genetic bottleneck and that the effective population size is small in all populations. Therefore, this study is important to propose better management plans and conservation efforts for these species.
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12
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Spatio-temporal climate change contributes to latitudinal diversity gradients. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:1419-1429. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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13
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Bredeweg EM, Morzillo AT, Thurman LL, Garcia TS. The integrative effects of behavior and morphology on amphibian movement. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:1278-1288. [PMID: 30805159 PMCID: PMC6374665 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal movement and dispersal are key factors in population dynamics and support complex ecosystem processes like cross-boundary subsidies. Juvenile dispersal is an important mechanism for many species and often involves navigation in unfamiliar habitats. For species that metamorphose, such as amphibians, this transition from aquatic to terrestrial environments involves the growth and use of new morphological traits (e.g., legs). These traits strongly impact the fundamental ability of an organism to move in novel landscapes, but innate behaviors can regulate choices that result in the realized movements expressed. By assessing the integrative role of morphology and behavior, we can improve our understanding of juvenile movement, particularly in understudied organisms like amphibians. We assessed the roles of morphological (snout-vent length and relative leg length) and performance (maximal jump distance) traits in shaping the free movement paths, measured through fluorescent powder tracking, in three anuran species, Pacific treefrog (Hyliola regilla), Western toad (Anaxyrus boreas), and Cascades frog (Rana cascadae). We standardized the measurement of these traits to compare the relative role of species' innate differences versus physical traits in shaping movement. Innate differences, captured by species identity, were the most significant factor influencing movement paths via total movement distance and path sinuosity. Relative leg length was an important contributor but significantly interacted with species identity. Maximal jump performance, which was significantly predicted by morphological traits, was not an important factor in movement behavior relative to species identity. The importance of species identity and associated behavioral differences in realized movement provide evidence for inherent species differences being central to the dispersal and movement of these species. This behavior may stem from niche partitioning of these sympatric species, yet it also calls into question assumptions generalizing anuran movement behavior. These species-level effects are important in framing differences as past research is applied in management planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M. Bredeweg
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
| | - Anita T. Morzillo
- Department of Natural Resources & the EnvironmentUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticut
| | - Lindsey L. Thurman
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
- Northern Rocky Mountain Science CenterU.S. Geological SurveyBozemanMontana
| | - Tiffany S. Garcia
- Department of Fisheries and WildlifeOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregon
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14
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Hillman SS. Anuran amphibians as comparative models for understanding extreme dehydration tolerance: a unique negative feedback lymphatic mechanism for blood volume regulation. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R790-R798. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00160.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anurans are the most terrestrial order of amphibians. Couple the high driving forces for evaporative loss in terrestrial environments and their low resistance to evaporation, dehydration is an inevitable stress on their water balance. Anurans have the greatest tolerances for dehydration of any vertebrate group. Some species can tolerate evaporative losses up to 45% of their standard body mass. Anurans have remarkable capacities to regulate blood volume with hemorrhage and dehydration compared with mammals. Stabilization of blood volume is central to extending dehydration tolerance, since it avoids both the hypovolemic and hyperviscosity stresses on cardiac output and its consequential effects on aerobic capacity. Anurans, in contrast to mammals, seem incapable of generating a sufficient pressure difference, either oncotically or via interstitial compliance, to move fluid from the interstitium into the capillaries. Couple this inability to generate a sufficient pressure difference for transvascular uptake to a circulatory system with high filtration coefficients and a high rate of plasma turnover is the consequence. The novel lymphatic system of anurans is critical to a remarkable capacity for blood volume regulation. This review summarizes what is known about the anatomical and physiological specializations that are involved in explaining differential blood volume regulation and dehydration tolerance involving a true centrally mediated negative feedback of lymphatic function involving baroreceptors as sensors and lymph hearts, arginine vasotocin, pulmonary ventilation and specialized skeletal muscles as effectors.
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15
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Hancock TV, Hedrick MS. Physiological vagility affects population genetic structure and dispersal and enables migratory capacity in vertebrates. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2018; 223:42-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Valbuena-Ureña E, Oromi N, Soler-Membrives A, Carranza S, Amat F, Camarasa S, Denoël M, Guillaume O, Sanuy D, Loyau A, Schmeller DS, Steinfartz S. Jailed in the mountains: Genetic diversity and structure of an endemic newt species across the Pyrenees. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200214. [PMID: 30071027 PMCID: PMC6071966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pyrenees represent a natural laboratory for biogeographic, evolutionary and ecological research of mountain fauna as a result of the high variety of habitats and the profound effect of the glacial and interglacial periods. There is a paucity of studies providing a detailed insight into genetic processes and better knowledge on the patterns of genetic diversity and how they are maintained under high altitude conditions. This is of particular interest when considering the course of past climate conditions and glaciations in a species which is considered site tenacious, with long generation times. Here we analyzed the genetic patterns of diversity and structure of the endemic Pyrenean brook newt (Calotriton asper) along its distribution range, with special emphasis on the distinct habitat types (caves, streams, and lakes), and the altitudinal and geographical ranges, using a total set of 900 individuals from 44 different localities across the Pyrenean mountain range genotyped for 19 microsatellite loci. We found evidence for a negative longitudinal and positive altitudinal gradient of genetic diversity in C. asper populations. The fact that genetic diversity was markedly higher westwards is in accordance with other Pyrenean species. However, the impact of altitudinal gradient on the genetic diversity seems to differ from other species, and mostly from other amphibians. We found that lower altitudes can act as a barrier probably because the lowlands do not provide a suitable habitat for C. asper. Regarding the distinct habitat types, caves had significantly lower values of genetic diversity compared to streams or lakes. The mean FST value was relatively high (0.304) with maximum values as high as 0.771, suggesting a highly structured total population. Indeed, populations were grouped into five subclusters, the eastern populations (cluster 1) remained grouped into two subclusters and the central-western Pyrenees (cluster 2) into three subclusters. The increase of isolation with geographical distance is consistent with the population structure detected. In conclusion, C. asper seems to be adapted to high altitude mountain habitats, and its genetic diversity is higher in the western Pyrenees. In terms of conservation priority, we consider more relevant the populations that represent a reservoir of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Valbuena-Ureña
- Unitat de Zoologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Catalonia, Spain
- Centre de Fauna Salvatge de Torreferrussa (Catalan Wildlife Service–Forestal Catalana), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Oromi
- Departament de Ciència Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Soler-Membrives
- Unitat de Zoologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Catalonia, Spain
- * E-mail: (ASM); (SS)
| | - Salvador Carranza
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fèlix Amat
- Àrea d’Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers, Ciències Naturals, Granollers, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sebastià Camarasa
- Departament de Ciència Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mathieu Denoël
- Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Behavioural Biology Group, Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale CNRS-Université de Toulouse, Moulis, France
| | - Delfí Sanuy
- Departament de Ciència Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adeline Loyau
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Germany
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Dirk S. Schmeller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Germany
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sebastian Steinfartz
- Zoological Institute, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Unit of Molecular Ecology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail: (ASM); (SS)
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17
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Murrieta-Galindo R, González-Romero A, Alfaro-Martínez C, Bolívar-Cimé B. Resting microhabitats of males of the endemic Rheohyla miotympanum (Hylidae) in different habitats of the tropical montane forest in Central Veracruz, Mexico. STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2018.1466847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto González-Romero
- Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología, El Haya, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Alfaro-Martínez
- Banco Nacional del Norte, Dirección de sustentabilidad y responsabilidad social, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Bolívar-Cimé
- Desarrollo regional sustentable, Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
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18
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Santini L, Benítez-López A, Ficetola GF, Huijbregts MAJ. Length-mass allometries in amphibians. Integr Zool 2018; 13:36-45. [PMID: 28493499 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Body mass is rarely recorded in amphibians, and other body measurements (e.g. snout to vent length, SVL) are generally collected instead. However, length measurements, when used as proxies of body mass in comparative analyses, are problematic if different taxa and morphotypes are included. We developed allometric relationships to derive body mass from SVL measurements. We fitted phylogenetic generalized least square models for frogs (Anura) and salamanders (Caudata) and for several families separately. We tested whether allometric relationships differed between species with different habitat preferences and between morphs in salamanders. Models were fitted with SVL-mass measurements for 88 frog and 42 salamander species. We assessed the predictive performance of the models by cross-validation. Overall, the models showed high explained variance and low forecasting errors. Models differed among semi-aquatic, terrestrial and arboreal frogs, and between paedomorphic and non-paedomorphic salamanders. Body mass estimates derived from our models allow for comparability of studies on multiple taxa and can be used for testing theories built upon evolutionary and ecological processes which are directly related to body mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Santini
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana Benítez-López
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gentile Francesco Ficetola
- Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Alpine Ecology Laboratory, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Mark A J Huijbregts
- Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, The Hague, the Netherlands
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Becker FS, Tolley KA, Measey GJ, Altwegg R. Extreme Climate-Induced Life-History Plasticity in an Amphibian. Am Nat 2017; 191:250-258. [PMID: 29351012 DOI: 10.1086/695315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Age-specific survival and reproduction are closely linked to fitness and therefore subject to strong selection that typically limits their variability within species. Furthermore, adult survival rate in vertebrate populations is typically less variable over time than other life-history traits, such as fecundity or recruitment. Hence, adult survival is often conserved within a population over time, compared to the variation in survival found across taxa. In stark contrast to this general pattern, we report evidence of extreme short-term variation of adult survival in Rose's mountain toadlet (Capensibufo rosei), which is apparently climate induced. Over 7 years, annual survival rate varied between 0.04 and 0.92, and 94% of this variation was explained by variation in breeding-season rainfall. Preliminary results suggest that this variation reflects adaptive life-history plasticity to a degree thus far unrecorded for any vertebrate, rather than direct rainfall-induced mortality. In wet years, these toads appeared to achieve increased reproduction at the expense of their own survival, whereas in dry years, their survival increased at the expense of reproduction. Such environmentally induced plasticity may reflect a diversity of life-history strategies not previously appreciated among vertebrates.
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Lenhardt PP, Brühl CA, Leeb C, Theissinger K. Amphibian population genetics in agricultural landscapes: does viniculture drive the population structuring of the European common frog ( Rana temporaria)? PeerJ 2017; 5:e3520. [PMID: 28713651 PMCID: PMC5508807 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibian populations have been declining globally over the past decades. The intensification of agriculture, habitat loss, fragmentation of populations and toxic substances in the environment are considered as driving factors for this decline. Today, about 50% of the area of Germany is used for agriculture and is inhabited by a diverse variety of 20 amphibian species. Of these, 19 are exhibiting declining populations. Due to the protection status of native amphibian species, it is important to evaluate the effect of land use and associated stressors (such as road mortality and pesticide toxicity) on the genetic population structure of amphibians in agricultural landscapes. We investigated the effects of viniculture on the genetic differentiation of European common frog (Rana temporaria) populations in Southern Palatinate (Germany). We analyzed microsatellite data of ten loci from ten breeding pond populations located within viniculture landscape and in the adjacent forest block and compared these results with a previously developed landscape permeability model. We tested for significant correlation of genetic population differentiation and landscape elements, including land use as well as roads and their associated traffic intensity, to explain the genetic structure in the study area. Genetic differentiation among forest populations was significantly lower (median pairwise FST = 0.0041 at 5.39 km to 0.0159 at 9.40 km distance) than between viniculture populations (median pairwise FST = 0.0215 at 2.34 km to 0.0987 at 2.39 km distance). Our analyses rejected isolation by distance based on roads and associated traffic intensity as the sole explanation of the genetic differentiation and suggest that the viniculture landscape has to be considered as a limiting barrier for R. temporaria migration, partially confirming the isolation of breeding ponds predicted by the landscape permeability model. Therefore, arable land may act as a sink habitat, inhibiting genetic exchange and causing genetic differentiation of pond populations in agricultural areas. In viniculture, pesticides could be a driving factor for the observed genetic impoverishment, since pesticides are more frequently applied than any other management measure and can be highly toxic for terrestrial life stages of amphibians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick P Lenhardt
- Institute for Environmental Science, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - Carsten A Brühl
- Institute for Environmental Science, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Germany
| | - Christoph Leeb
- Institute for Environmental Science, Universität Koblenz-Landau, Germany
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McKee AM, Maerz JC, Smith LL, Glenn TC. Habitat predictors of genetic diversity for two sympatric wetland-breeding amphibian species. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:6271-6283. [PMID: 28861231 PMCID: PMC5574763 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Population genetic diversity is widely accepted as important to the conservation and management of wildlife. However, habitat features may differentially affect evolutionary processes that facilitate population genetic diversity among sympatric species. We measured genetic diversity for two pond-breeding amphibian species (Dwarf salamanders, Eurycea quadridigitata; and Southern Leopard frogs, Lithobates sphenocephalus) to understand how habitat characteristics and spatial scale affect genetic diversity across a landscape. Samples were collected from wetlands on a longleaf pine reserve in Georgia. We genotyped microsatellite loci for both species to assess population structures and determine which habitat features were most closely associated with observed heterozygosity and rarefied allelic richness. Both species exhibited significant population genetic structure; however, structure in Southern Leopard frogs was driven primarily by one outlier site. Dwarf salamander allelic richness was greater at sites with less surrounding road area within 0.5 km and more wetland area within 1.0 and 2.5 km, and heterozygosity was greater at sites with more wetland area within 0.5 km. In contrast, neither measure of Southern Leopard frog genetic diversity was associated with any habitat features at any scale we evaluated. Genetic diversity in the Dwarf salamander was strongly associated with land cover variables up to 2.5 km away from breeding wetlands, and/or results suggest that minimizing roads in wetland buffers may be beneficial to the maintenance of population genetic diversity. This study suggests that patterns of genetic differentiation and genetic diversity have associations with different habitat features across different spatial scales for two syntopic pond-breeding amphibian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M McKee
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA USA.,Present address: U.S. Geological Survey South Atlantic Water Science Center Norcross GA USA
| | - John C Maerz
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens GA USA
| | - Lora L Smith
- Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center Newton GA USA
| | - Travis C Glenn
- Department of Environmental Health Science University of Georgia Athens GA USA
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22
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Guayasamin JM, Hutter CR, Tapia EE, Culebras J, Peñafiel N, Pyron RA, Morochz C, Funk WC, Arteaga A. Diversification of the rainfrog Pristimantis ornatissimus in the lowlands and Andean foothills of Ecuador. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172615. [PMID: 28329011 PMCID: PMC5362048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Geographic barriers and elevational gradients have long been recognized as important in species diversification. Here, we illustrate an example where both mechanisms have shaped the genetic structure of the Neotropical rainfrog, Pristimantis ornatissimus, which has also resulted in speciation. This species was thought to be a single evolutionary lineage distributed throughout the Ecuadorian Chocó and the adjacent foothills of the Andes. Based on recent sampling of P. ornatissimus sensu lato, we provide molecular and morphological evidence that support the validity of a new species, which we name Pristimantis ecuadorensis sp. nov. The sister species are elevational replacements of each other; the distribution of Pristimantis ornatissimus sensu stricto is limited to the Ecuadorian Chocó ecoregion (< 1100 m), whereas the new species has only been found at Andean localities between 1450–1480 m. Given the results of the Multiple Matrix Regression with Randomization analysis, the genetic difference between P. ecuadorensis and P. ornatissimus is not explained by geographic distance nor environment, although environmental variables at a finer scale need to be tested. Therefore this speciation event might be the byproduct of stochastic historic extinction of connected populations or biogeographic events caused by barriers to dispersal such as rivers. Within P. ornatissimus sensu stricto, morphological patterns and genetic structure seem to be related to geographic isolation (e.g., rivers). Finally, we provide an updated phylogeny for the genus, including the new species, as well as other Ecuadorian Pristimantis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Guayasamin
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales COCIBA, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Ambientales BIÓSFERA, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Campus Cumbayá, Quito, Ecuador
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb), Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Calle Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador
- * E-mail:
| | - Carl R. Hutter
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Elicio E. Tapia
- Centro Jambatu de Investigación y Conservación de Anfibios, Fundación Otonga, San Rafael, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jaime Culebras
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb), Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Calle Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nicolás Peñafiel
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático (BioCamb), Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Calle Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador
| | - R. Alexander Pyron
- Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | | | - W. Chris Funk
- Department of Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
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Martinez P, Zurano J, Amado T, Penone C, Betancur-R R, Bidau C, Jacobina U. Chromosomal diversity in tropical reef fishes is related to body size and depth range. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 93:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tuberville TD, Andrews KM, Sperry JH, Grosse AM. Use of the NatureServe Climate Change Vulnerability Index as an Assessment Tool for Reptiles and Amphibians: Lessons Learned. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 56:822-834. [PMID: 25971738 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-015-0537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Climate change threatens biodiversity globally, yet it can be challenging to predict which species may be most vulnerable. Given the scope of the problem, it is imperative to rapidly assess vulnerability and identify actions to decrease risk. Although a variety of tools have been developed to assess climate change vulnerability, few have been evaluated with regard to their suitability for certain taxonomic groups. Due to their ectothermic physiology, low vagility, and strong association with temporary wetlands, reptiles and amphibians may be particularly vulnerable relative to other groups. Here, we evaluate use of the NatureServe Climate Change Vulnerability Index (CCVI) to assess a large suite of herpetofauna from the Sand Hills Ecoregion of the southeastern United States. Although data were frequently lacking for certain variables (e.g., phenological response to climate change, genetic variation), sufficient data were available to evaluate all 117 species. Sensitivity analyses indicated that results were highly dependent on size of assessment area and climate scenario selection. In addition, several ecological traits common in, but relatively unique to, herpetofauna are likely to contribute to their vulnerability and need special consideration during the scoring process. Despite some limitations, the NatureServe CCVI was a useful tool for screening large numbers of reptile and amphibian species. We provide general recommendations as to how the CCVI tool's application to herpetofauna can be improved through more specific guidance to the user regarding how to incorporate unique physiological and behavioral traits into scoring existing sensitivity factors and through modification to the assessment tool itself.
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25
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Mitchell A, Bergmann PJ. Thermal and moisture habitat preferences do not maximize jumping performance in frogs. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allegra Mitchell
- Department of Biology Clark University 950 Main Street WorcesterMA 01610 USA
| | - Philip J. Bergmann
- Department of Biology Clark University 950 Main Street WorcesterMA 01610 USA
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26
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Winwood-Smith HS, Alton LA, Franklin CE, White CR. Does greater thermal plasticity facilitate range expansion of an invasive terrestrial anuran into higher latitudes? CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 3:cov010. [PMID: 27293695 PMCID: PMC4778455 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cov010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Temperature has pervasive effects on physiological processes and is critical in setting species distribution limits. Since invading Australia, cane toads have spread rapidly across low latitudes, but slowly into higher latitudes. Low temperature is the likely factor limiting high-latitude advancement. Several previous attempts have been made to predict future cane toad distributions in Australia, but understanding the potential contribution of phenotypic plasticity and adaptation to future range expansion remains challenging. Previous research demonstrates the considerable thermal metabolic plasticity of the cane toad, but suggests limited thermal plasticity of locomotor performance. Additionally, the oxygen-limited thermal tolerance hypothesis predicts that reduced aerobic scope sets thermal limits for ectotherm performance. Metabolic plasticity, locomotor performance and aerobic scope are therefore predicted targets of natural selection as cane toads invade colder regions. We measured these traits at temperatures of 10, 15, 22.5 and 30°C in low- and high-latitude toads acclimated to 15 and 30°C, to test the hypothesis that cane toads have adapted to cooler temperatures. High-latitude toads show increased metabolic plasticity and higher resting metabolic rates at lower temperatures. Burst locomotor performance was worse for high-latitude toads. Other traits showed no regional differences. We conclude that increased metabolic plasticity may facilitate invasion into higher latitudes by maintaining critical physiological functions at lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh S Winwood-Smith
- School of Biological Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Lesley A Alton
- School of Biological Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Craig E Franklin
- School of Biological Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Craig R White
- School of Biological Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Hillman SS, Drewes RC, Hedrick MS, Hancock TV. Physiological vagility and its relationship to dispersal and neutral genetic heterogeneity in vertebrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 217:3356-64. [PMID: 25013113 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.105908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vagility is the inherent power of movement by individuals. Vagility and the available duration of movement determine the dispersal distance individuals can move to interbreed, which affects the fine-scale genetic structure of vertebrate populations. Vagility and variation in population genetic structure are normally explained by geographic variation and not by the inherent power of movement by individuals. We present a new, quantitative definition for physiological vagility that incorporates aerobic capacity, body size, body temperature and the metabolic cost of transport, variables that are independent of the physical environment. Physiological vagility is the speed at which an animal can move sustainably based on these parameters. This meta-analysis tests whether this definition of physiological vagility correlates with empirical data for maximal dispersal distances and measured microsatellite genetic differentiation with distance {[F(ST)/[1-F(ST))]/ln distance} for amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals utilizing three locomotor modes (running, flying, swimming). Maximal dispersal distance and physiological vagility increased with body mass for amphibians, reptiles and mammals utilizing terrestrial movement. The relative slopes of these relationships indicate that larger individuals require longer movement durations to achieve maximal dispersal distances. Both physiological vagility and maximal dispersal distance were independent of body mass for flying vertebrates. Genetic differentiation with distance was greatest for terrestrial locomotion, with amphibians showing the greatest mean and variance in differentiation. Flying birds, flying mammals and swimming marine mammals showed the least differentiation. Mean physiological vagility of different groups (class and locomotor mode) accounted for 98% of the mean variation in genetic differentiation with distance in each group. Genetic differentiation with distance was not related to body mass. The physiological capacity for movement (physiological vagility) quantitatively predicts genetic isolation by distance in the vertebrates examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley S Hillman
- Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Robert C Drewes
- Department of Herpetology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA
| | - Michael S Hedrick
- Department of Biological Science, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA 94542, USA
| | - Thomas V Hancock
- Department of Biology, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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