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Dempsey MP, Riopelle AM, West M, Kumar A, Schanbacher CF. The Effect of Preoperative Chlorhexidine Gluconate Cleanse on Lower Extremity Surgical Site Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Dermatol Surg 2024; 50:627-629. [PMID: 38518189 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000004169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower extremity surgical sites are at an increased risk of wound infection following Mohs micrographic surgery. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the rate of lower extremity surgical site infections following a 14-day regimen of preoperative 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) rinses and postoperative wound occlusion for 14 days. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective data were collected from procedures performed by the senior author from January 2022 through June 2023. To meet inclusion, patients must have completed waist-down CHG soak and rinse for 14 days before surgery, including the day before surgery. In addition, the patient must have kept the dressing clean, dry, and intact until the postoperative appointment at 14 days. RESULTS A total of 100 Mohs cases met inclusion criteria. Zero patients developed a surgical site infection. CONCLUSION Chlorhexidine gluconate preoperative rinsing and postoperative occlusion for 14 days may minimize the risk of wound infection. Although further research is indicated, an opportunity exists for the adoption of CHG into routine clinical practice in the outpatient dermatology setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Dempsey
- Kuchnir Dermatology, Milford, Massachusetts
- Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Margaret West
- Kuchnir Dermatology, Milford, Massachusetts
- Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | | | - Carl F Schanbacher
- Kuchnir Dermatology, Milford, Massachusetts
- Department of Surgery, Martha's Vineyard Hospital, Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts
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Badia JM, Amillo Zaragüeta M, Rubio-Pérez I, Espin-Basany E, González Sánchez C, Balibrea JM. What have we learned from the surveys of the AEC, AECP and the Observatory of Infection in Surgery? Compliance with postoperative infection prevention measures and comparison with the AEC recommendations. Cir Esp 2022; 100:392-403. [PMID: 35283055 DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Before planning improvement strategies, it is crucial to know the degree of implementation of preventative measures for postoperative infection. The aggregated results of 3 surveys carried out by the Observatory of Infection in Surgery to members of 11 associations of surgeons and perioperative nurses are presented. The questions were aimed to determine the knowledge of the scientific evidence, personal beliefs and the actual use of the main measures. Of 2295 respondents, 45.1% did not receive feedback on the infection rate of their unit. Insufficient knowledge of some of the main prevention recommendations and some disturbing rates of use were observed. The preferred strategies to improve compliance with preventive guidelines and their degree of implementation were investigated. A gap between scientific evidence and clinical practice in the prevention of infection in different surgical specialties was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Badia
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Granollers, Spain.
| | - Mireia Amillo Zaragüeta
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital General de Granollers, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Granollers, Spain
| | - Inés Rubio-Pérez
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eloy Espin-Basany
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José M Balibrea
- Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Badia JM, Rubio-Pérez I, López-Menéndez J, Diez C, Al-Raies Bolaños B, Ocaña-Guaita J, Meijome XM, Chamorro-Pons M, Calderón-Nájera R, Ortega-Pérez G, Paredes-Esteban R, Sánchez-Viguera C, Vilallonga R, Picardo AL, Bravo-Brañas E, Espin E, Balibrea JM. The persistent breach between evidence and practice in the prevention of surgical site infection. Qualitative study. Int J Surg 2020; 82:231-239. [PMID: 32877754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the dissemination of guidelines for surgical site infection (SSI) prevention, a gap between the theoretical measures and their compliance persists. Accurate estimates of the implementation of preventative measures is crucial before planning dissemination strategies. METHODS A web-based survey was distributed to members of 11 Associations of operative nurses and surgeons. Questions aimed to determine their awareness of evidence, personal beliefs and actual use of the main preventative measures. RESULTS Of 1105 responders, 50.5% receive no feed-back of their SSI rate. Responders show a moderate rate of awareness of the recommendations about not removing hair, hair clipping, skin antisepsis with alcoholic solutions, and normothermia. Antibiotic prophylaxis is given for more than 24 h by 18.8% of respondents. Screening for S. aureus is performed by 27.6%. Hair removal by shaving is used by 16.6% of responders. The most common antiseptic solutions are alcoholic chlorhexidine (57.2%) and aqueous povidone (23.3%). 62.8% of surgeons allow the solution to air dry before applying surgical drapes. Adhesive drapes in the surgical field are used routinely in 33.4% of cases. Perioperative normothermia, glucose control and hyperoxia are used in 84.3%, 65.9% and 23.3% of cases. Antimicrobial sutures and negative pressure therapy are used by 20.2% and 43.5% of teams, respectively. Prior to closing the incision, 83.9% replace surgical instruments always or selectively. Wound irrigation before closing is used in 78.1% of cases, mostly with saline. Check-lists, standardized orders, surveillance, feed-back and educational programs were rated most highly by respondents as a means to improve compliance with preventative guidelines, but few of these strategies were in place at their institutions. CONCLUSION Gaps in the translation of evidence into practice remain in the prevention of SSI among different surgical specialities. Several areas for improvement have been identified, as some core prevention measures are not in common use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Badia
- Department of Surgery, Hospital General de Granollers, Avinguda Francesc Ribas 1, 08402, Spain; Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Inés Rubio-Pérez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de La Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José López-Menéndez
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo Km. 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cecilia Diez
- Surgical Area, Hospital Universitari Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret, 167, 08025, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Bader Al-Raies Bolaños
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital de Manises, Av. de La Generalitat Valenciana, 50, 46940, Manises, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Julia Ocaña-Guaita
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Ctra. de Colmenar Viejo Km. 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Xose M Meijome
- Gerencia de Asistencia Sanitaria Del Bierzo, León, Gerencia de Asistencia Sanitaria Del Bierzo, Nursing and Healthcare Research Unit, C/ El Medio, 1, 24400, Ponferrada, León, Spain.
| | - Manuel Chamorro-Pons
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital Ruber Juan Bravo, Calle de Juan Bravo, 49, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ramón Calderón-Nájera
- Department of Aesthetic, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Ruber Internacional, Calle de La Masó, 38 28034, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gloria Ortega-Pérez
- Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Calle de Arturo Soria, 270, 28033, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa Paredes-Esteban
- Unidad de Cirugía Pediátrica, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Av. Menendez Pidal, S/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Viguera
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Av. de Carlos Haya, 84, 29010, Málaga, Spain.
| | - Ramon Vilallonga
- Endocrine-Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Passeig de La Vall D'Hebron, 119, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Antonio L Picardo
- Endocrine-Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Unit, HM Montepríncipe, Avenida de Montepríncipe Nº 25, 28660, Boadilla Del Monte, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Bravo-Brañas
- Department of Aesthetic, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de La Castellana, 261, 28046, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eloy Espin
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall D'Hebrón, Passeig de La Vall D'Hebron, 119, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José M Balibrea
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Badia JM, Casey AL, Rubio-Pérez I, Arroyo-García N, Espin E, Biondo S, Balibrea JM. Awareness of Practice and Comparison with Best Evidence in Surgical Site Infection Prevention in Colorectal Surgery. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2019; 21:218-226. [PMID: 31724910 PMCID: PMC7099413 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2019.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The use of mechanical bowel preparation and prophylaxis with oral antimicrobial agents can prevent surgical site infection (SSI) in colorectal surgical procedures, but routine adoption of these and other practices by surgeons has been limited. The aim of this study was to determine the actual practice and surgeon beliefs about preventative measures in elective colorectal operations and to compare them with established recommendations. Methods: Web-based survey was sent to colorectal surgeons assessing knowledge, beliefs, and practices regarding the use of preventative measures for SSI. Results: Of 355 surgeons, 33% had no feedback of SSI rate; 60% believed in evidence for normothermia, wound edge protection, and use of alcohol solution, and reported use of these strategies. There was a discrepancy in the assumed evidence and use of hyperoxia, glove replacement after anastomosis, surgical tools replacement, and saline surgical site lavage. Most of respondents believe that oral antibiotic prophylaxis diminishes infection, but is indicated only by one third of them. Few surgeons believe in MBP, but many actually use it. Most surgeons believe that there is a discrepancy between published guidelines and actual clinical practice. As proper means to implement guidelines, checklists, standardized orders, surveillance, feedback of SSI rates, and educational programs are rated most highly by surgeons, but few of these are in place at their institutions. Conclusions: Gaps in the translation of evidence into practice remain in the prevention of SSI in colorectal surgical procedures. Several areas for improvement have been identified. Specific implementation strategies should be addressed in colorectal units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep M Badia
- Department of Surgery, Hospital General de Granollers, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna L Casey
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Inés Rubio-Pérez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario la Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Eloy Espin
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastiano Biondo
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Balibrea
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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