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Pitteloud C, Defossez E, Albouy C, Descombes P, Rasmann S, Pellissier L. DNA-based networks reveal the ecological determinants of plant-herbivore interactions along environmental gradients. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6436-6448. [PMID: 35620937 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the ecological rules structuring the organization of species interactions is a prerequisite to predicting how ecosystems respond to environmental changes. While the ecological determinants of single networks have been documented, it remains unclear whether network ecological rules are conserved along spatial and environmental gradients. To address this gap, we reconstructed 48 plant-herbivore interaction networks along six elevation gradients in the Central European Alps in Switzerland, using DNA metabarcoding on orthoptera faeces. We developed hypotheses on the ecological mechanisms expected to structure interaction networks, based on plant phylogeny, plant abundance, leaf toughness, leaf nitrogen content and plant metabolomics. We show that plant phylogenetic relationships and species abundance have the greatest explanatory power regarding the structure of the ecological networks. Moreover, we found that leaf nitrogen content is a key determinant of interactions in warmer environments, while phenolic compounds and tannins are more important in colder environments, suggesting that determinants of species interactions can shift along environmental gradients. With this work, we propose an approach to study the mechanisms that structure the way species interact with each other between bioregions and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Pitteloud
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel Defossez
- Functional Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Camille Albouy
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), IFREMER, INRAE, Institut Agro - Agrocampus Ouest, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Patrice Descombes
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Rasmann
- Functional Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Loïc Pellissier
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Unit of Land Change Science, Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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2
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Chung HC, Gaynanova I, Ni Y. Phylogenetically informed Bayesian truncated copula graphical models for microbial association networks. Ann Appl Stat 2022. [DOI: 10.1214/21-aoas1598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yang Ni
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University
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3
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Brown J, Cunningham SA. Biogeographic history predicts bee community structure across floral resource gradients in south‐east Australia. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Brown
- Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences University of Melbourne Richmond Victoria Australia
| | - Saul A. Cunningham
- Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
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4
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Newbury A, Dawson B, Klümper U, Hesse E, Castledine M, Fontaine C, Buckling A, Sanders D. Fitness effects of plasmids shape the structure of bacteria-plasmid interaction networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2118361119. [PMID: 35613058 PMCID: PMC9295774 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2118361119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes are often carried on broad host range plasmids, and the spread of AMR within microbial communities will therefore depend on the structure of bacteria–plasmid networks. Empirical and theoretical studies of ecological interaction networks suggest that network structure differs between communities that are predominantly mutualistic versus antagonistic, with the former showing more generalized interactions (i.e., species interact with many others to a similar extent). This suggests that mutualistic bacteria–plasmid networks—where antibiotics are present and plasmids carry AMR genes—will be more generalized than antagonistic interactions, where plasmids do not confer benefits to their hosts. We first develop a simple theory to explain this link: fitness benefits of harboring a mutualistic symbiont promote the spread of the symbiont to other species. We find support for this theory using an experimental bacteria–symbiont (plasmid) community, where the same plasmid can be mutualistic or antagonistic depending on the presence of antibiotics. This short-term and parsimonious mechanism complements a longer-term mechanism (coevolution and stability) explaining the link between mutualistic and antagonistic interactions and network structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Newbury
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Dawson
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Uli Klümper
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Institute for Hydrobiology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elze Hesse
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Meaghan Castledine
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Fontaine
- Centre d’écologie et des Sciences de la Conservation, CESCO, UMR7204, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Angus Buckling
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk Sanders
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall TR10 9FE, United Kingdom
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5
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Xing S, Fayle TM. The rise of ecological network meta-analyses: Problems and prospects. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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6
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Liang H, Zhao Y, Rafferty NE, Ren Z, Zhong L, Li H, Li D, Wang H. Evolutionary and ecological factors structure a plant–bumblebee network in a biodiversity hotspot, the Himalaya–Hengduan Mountains. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming PR China
| | - Yan‐Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming PR China
| | - Nicole E. Rafferty
- Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology University of California Riverside CA USA
- Rocky Mountain Biological Lab Crested Butte CO USA
| | - Zong‐Xin Ren
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming PR China
| | - Li Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming PR China
| | - Hai‐Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing PR China
| | - De‐Zhu Li
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming PR China
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7
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Fortuna MA, Nagavci A, Barbour MA, Bascompte J. Partner Fidelity and Asymmetric Specialization in Ecological Networks. Am Nat 2020; 196:382-389. [PMID: 32813994 DOI: 10.1086/709961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSpecies are embedded in complex networks of interdependencies that may change across geographic locations. Yet most approaches to investigate the architecture of this entangled web of life have considered exclusively local communities. To quantify to what extent species interactions change at a biogeographic scale, we need to shed light on how among-community variation affects the occurrence of species interactions. Here we quantify the probability for two partners to interact wherever they co-occur (i.e., partner fidelity) by analyzing the most extensive database on species interaction networks worldwide. We found that mutualistic species show more fidelity in their interactions than antagonistic ones when there is asymmetric specialization (i.e., when specialist species interact with generalist partners). Moreover, resources (e.g., plants in plant-pollinator mutualisms or hosts in host-parasite interactions) show a higher partner fidelity in mutualistic interactions than in antagonistic interactions, which can be explained neither by sampling effort nor by phylogenetic constraints developed during their evolutionary histories. In spite of the general belief that mutualistic interactions among free-living species are labile, asymmetric specialization is very much conserved across large geographic areas.
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8
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The long-term restoration of ecosystem complexity. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:676-685. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1154-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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9
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Segar ST, Fayle TM, Srivastava DS, Lewinsohn TM, Lewis OT, Novotny V, Kitching RL, Maunsell SC. The Role of Evolution in Shaping Ecological Networks. Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 35:454-466. [PMID: 32294426 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The structure of ecological networks reflects the evolutionary history of their biotic components, and their dynamics are strongly driven by ecoevolutionary processes. Here, we present an appraisal of recent relevant research, in which the pervasive role of evolution within ecological networks is manifest. Although evolutionary processes are most evident at macroevolutionary scales, they are also important drivers of local network structure and dynamics. We propose components of a blueprint for further research, emphasising process-based models, experimental evolution, and phenotypic variation, across a range of distinct spatial and temporal scales. Evolutionary dimensions are required to advance our understanding of foundational properties of community assembly and to enhance our capability of predicting how networks will respond to impending changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon T Segar
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Science, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Department of Crop and Environment Sciences, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, TF10 8NB, UK.
| | - Tom M Fayle
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Science, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation,Universiti Malaysia Sabah,Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Thomas M Lewinsohn
- Departamento Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-870, São Paulo, Brazil; Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin 14193, Germany
| | - Owen T Lewis
- Department of Zoology, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Science, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roger L Kitching
- Environmental Futures Research Institute,Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Sarah C Maunsell
- Department of Organismic and EvolutionaryBiology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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10
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Farine DR. Structural trade-offs can predict rewiring in shrinking social networks. J Anim Ecol 2019; 90:120-130. [PMID: 31691962 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that organisms can respond to declining population sizes by adapting their interactions with others. Regulating connections with others could underpin resilience of biological networks spanning from social groups to ecological communities. However, our ability to predict the dynamics of shrinking social networks remains limited. Network regulation involves several trade-offs. Removing nodes (and therefore their connections) from networks reduces the number of connections among remaining nodes. Responding by forming new connections then impacts other network properties. A simple way to minimize the impact of up-regulating network connections is to form new connections or to strengthen connections, between nodes that share a lost connection with a recently removed node. I propose a simple 'second-degree rewiring' rule as a biologically plausible regulatory mechanism in shrinking social networks. I argue that two individuals that have lost a connection with a common removed individual will both be more likely, or more willing, to form a new, or strengthen an existing, connection among themselves. I then show that such second-degree rewiring has less impact on important structural properties of the network than forming random new connections. For example, in a network with phenotypic assortment, second-degree nodes are more likely to be similar than any random pair of nodes, and connecting these will better maintain assortativity. This simple rule can therefore maintain network properties without individuals having any knowledge of the global structure of the network or the relative properties of the nodes within it. In this paper, I outline an algorithm for second-degree rewiring. I demonstrate how second-degree rewiring can have less impact than adding new, or increasing the strength of, random connections on both the individual and whole network properties. That is, relative to randomly adding or strengthening connections, second-degree rewiring has less impact on mean degree, assortativity, clustering and network density. I then demonstrate empirically, using social networks of great tits (Parus major), that individuals that previously shared connections to a removed conspecific were more likely to form a new connection or to strengthen their connection, relative to other individuals in the same population. This study highlights how developing a better mechanistic understanding of the structural properties of networks, and the consequences of adding new connections, can provide useful insights into how organisms are likely to regulate their interactions in shrinking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien R Farine
- Department of Collective Behavior, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Center for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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11
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Villalobos S, Sevenello-Montagner JM, Vamosi JC. Specialization in plant-pollinator networks: insights from local-scale interactions in Glenbow Ranch Provincial Park in Alberta, Canada. BMC Ecol 2019; 19:34. [PMID: 31492127 PMCID: PMC6731600 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-019-0250-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The occurrence and frequency of plant–pollinator interactions are acknowledged to be a function of multiple factors, including the spatio-temporal distribution of species. The study of pollination specialization by examining network properties and more recently incorporating predictors of pairwise interactions is emerging as a useful framework, yet integrated datasets combining network structure, habitat disturbance, and phylogenetic information are still scarce. Results We found that plant–pollinator interactions in a grassland ecosystem in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains are not randomly distributed and that high levels of reciprocal specialization are generated by biological constraints, such as floral symmetry, pollinator size and pollinator sociality, because these traits lead to morphological or phenological mismatching between interacting species. We also detected that landscape degradation was associated with differences in the network topology, but the interaction webs still maintained a consistently higher number of reciprocal specialization cases than expected. Evidence for the reciprocal evolutionary dependence in visitors (e.g., related pollinators visiting related plants) were weak in this study system, however we identified key species joining clustered units. Conclusions Our results indicate that the conserved links with keystone species may provide the foundation for generating local reciprocal specialization. From the general topology of the networks, plant–pollinators interactions in sites with disturbance consisted of generalized nodes connecting modules (i.e., hub and numerous connectors). Vice versa, interactions in less disturbed sites consisted of more specialized and symmetrical connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Villalobos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | | | - Jana C Vamosi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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12
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Harmon LJ, Andreazzi CS, Débarre F, Drury J, Goldberg EE, Martins AB, Melián CJ, Narwani A, Nuismer SL, Pennell MW, Rudman SM, Seehausen O, Silvestro D, Weber M, Matthews B. Detecting the macroevolutionary signal of species interactions. J Evol Biol 2019; 32:769-782. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke J. Harmon
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Eawag Kastanienbaum Switzerland
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho
| | | | - Florence Débarre
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Université Paris Diderot, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences (UMR7618) Paris France
| | | | - Emma E. Goldberg
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota Saint Paul Minnesota
| | - Ayana B. Martins
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Eawag Kastanienbaum Switzerland
- Instituto de Física ‘Gleb Wataghin’ Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil
| | - Carlos J. Melián
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Eawag Kastanienbaum Switzerland
| | - Anita Narwani
- Department of Aquatic Ecology Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Eawag Dübendorf Switzerland
| | - Scott L. Nuismer
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Idaho Moscow Idaho
| | - Matthew W. Pennell
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia
| | - Seth M. Rudman
- Department of Biology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Ole Seehausen
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Eawag Kastanienbaum Switzerland
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
| | - Daniele Silvestro
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Global Gothenburg Biodiversity Centre University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Marjorie Weber
- Department of Plant Biology & Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan
| | - Blake Matthews
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Center for Ecology, Evolution and Biogeochemistry Eawag Kastanienbaum Switzerland
- Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Bern Switzerland
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13
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Nuismer SL, Week B, Aizen MA. Coevolution Slows the Disassembly of Mutualistic Networks. Am Nat 2018; 192:490-502. [DOI: 10.1086/699218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Cirtwill AR, Dalla Riva GV, Gaiarsa MP, Bimler MD, Cagua EF, Coux C, Dehling DM. A review of species role concepts in food webs. FOOD WEBS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fooweb.2018.e00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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15
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Adaptive Networks for Restoration Ecology. Trends Ecol Evol 2018; 33:664-675. [PMID: 30005837 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The urgent need to restore biodiversity and ecosystem functioning challenges ecology as a predictive science. Restoration ecology would benefit from evolutionary principles embedded within a framework that combines adaptive network models and the phylogenetic structure of ecological interactions. Adaptive network models capture feedbacks between trait evolution, species abundances, and interactions to explain resilience and functional diversity within communities. Phylogenetically-structured network data, increasingly available via next-generation sequencing, inform constraints affecting interaction rewiring. Combined, these approaches can predict eco-evolutionary changes triggered by community manipulation practices, such as translocations and eradications of invasive species. We discuss theoretical and methodological opportunities to bridge network models and data from restoration projects and propose how this can be applied to the functional restoration of ecological interactions.
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16
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Vitória RS, Vizentin-Bugoni J, D. S. Duarte L. Evolutionary history as a driver of ecological networks: a case study of plant-hummingbird interactions. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rômulo Silveira Vitória
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, CP 15007, Porto Alegre; RS 91501-970 Brazil
| | - Jeferson Vizentin-Bugoni
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Univ. Estadual de Campinas; Campinas Brazil
- Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Turner Hall; Urbana IL USA
| | - Leandro D. S. Duarte
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia, Univ. Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Brazil
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17
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Pellissier L, Albouy C, Bascompte J, Farwig N, Graham C, Loreau M, Maglianesi MA, Melián CJ, Pitteloud C, Roslin T, Rohr R, Saavedra S, Thuiller W, Woodward G, Zimmermann NE, Gravel D. Comparing species interaction networks along environmental gradients. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2017; 93:785-800. [PMID: 28941124 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of species composition and their interactions, in the form of interaction networks, is required to understand processes shaping their distribution over time and space. As such, comparing ecological networks along environmental gradients represents a promising new research avenue to understand the organization of life. Variation in the position and intensity of links within networks along environmental gradients may be driven by turnover in species composition, by variation in species abundances and by abiotic influences on species interactions. While investigating changes in species composition has a long tradition, so far only a limited number of studies have examined changes in species interactions between networks, often with differing approaches. Here, we review studies investigating variation in network structures along environmental gradients, highlighting how methodological decisions about standardization can influence their conclusions. Due to their complexity, variation among ecological networks is frequently studied using properties that summarize the distribution or topology of interactions such as number of links, connectance, or modularity. These properties can either be compared directly or using a procedure of standardization. While measures of network structure can be directly related to changes along environmental gradients, standardization is frequently used to facilitate interpretation of variation in network properties by controlling for some co-variables, or via null models. Null models allow comparing the deviation of empirical networks from random expectations and are expected to provide a more mechanistic understanding of the factors shaping ecological networks when they are coupled with functional traits. As an illustration, we compare approaches to quantify the role of trait matching in driving the structure of plant-hummingbird mutualistic networks, i.e. a direct comparison, standardized by null models and hypothesis-based metaweb. Overall, our analysis warns against a comparison of studies that rely on distinct forms of standardization, as they are likely to highlight different signals. Fostering a better understanding of the analytical tools available and the signal they detect will help produce deeper insights into how and why ecological networks vary along environmental gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Pellissier
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Camille Albouy
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.,IFREMER, unité Ecologie et Modèles pour l'Halieutique, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP21105, 44311, Nantes cedex 3, France
| | - Jordi Bascompte
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Farwig
- Conservation Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str.8, D-35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Graham
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Michel Loreau
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, CNRS and Paul Sabatier University, 09200, Moulis, France
| | - Maria Alejandra Maglianesi
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación, Universidad Estatal a Distancia, 2050, San José, Costa Rica.,Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F) and Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlos J Melián
- Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 6047, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
| | - Camille Pitteloud
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Roslin
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rudolf Rohr
- Department of Biology - Ecology and Evolution, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Serguei Saavedra
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massashusets Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, 02139, MA, U.S.A
| | - Wilfried Thuiller
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LECA (Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Guy Woodward
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Berkshire, SL5 7PY, U.K
| | - Niklaus E Zimmermann
- Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Canada Research Chair in Integrative Ecology, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1, Québec, Canada
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18
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Hutchinson MC, Cagua EF, Stouffer DB. Cophylogenetic signal is detectable in pollination interactions across ecological scales. Ecology 2017; 98:2640-2652. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Hutchinson
- Center for Integrative Ecology; School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch New Zealand
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Princeton University; 106A Guyot Hall Princeton New Jersey 08540 USA
| | - Edgar Fernando Cagua
- Center for Integrative Ecology; School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Daniel B. Stouffer
- Center for Integrative Ecology; School of Biological Sciences; University of Canterbury; Private Bag 4800 Christchurch New Zealand
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19
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Brousseau P, Gravel D, Handa IT. Trait matching and phylogeny as predictors of predator–prey interactions involving ground beetles. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre‐Marc Brousseau
- Département des sciences biologiquesUniversité du Québec à Montréal Montreal QC Canada
| | - Dominique Gravel
- Canada Research Chair in Integrative EcologyDépartement de biologieUniversité de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - I. Tanya Handa
- Département des sciences biologiquesUniversité du Québec à Montréal Montreal QC Canada
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20
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Alcala N, Jenkins T, Christe P, Vuilleumier S. Host shift and cospeciation rate estimation from co‐phylogenies. Ecol Lett 2017; 20:1014-1024. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Alcala
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Biophore, Sorge CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Biology Stanford University Stanford CA94305‐5020 USA
| | - Tania Jenkins
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Biophore, Sorge CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Philippe Christe
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Biophore, Sorge CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Séverine Vuilleumier
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Biophore, Sorge CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- School of Life Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne CH‐1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- School of Nursing Sciences, La Source University of Applied Sciences & Arts of Western Switzerland CH‐1004 Lausanne Switzerland
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21
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Poisot T, Stouffer DB, Kéfi S. Describe, understand and predict: why do we need networks in ecology? Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Poisot
- Université de Montréal Département de Sciences Biologiques Montréal QC Canada
- Québec Centre for Biodiversity Sciences Montréal QC Canada
| | - Daniel B. Stouffer
- Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Sonia Kéfi
- Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution Université de Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Montpellier France
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22
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Weber MG, Strauss SY. Coexistence in Close Relatives: Beyond Competition and Reproductive Isolation in Sister Taxa. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2016. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie G. Weber
- Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616; ,
| | - Sharon Y. Strauss
- Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616; ,
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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23
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Barrett LG, Zee PC, Bever JD, Miller JT, Thrall PH. Evolutionary history shapes patterns of mutualistic benefit in
Acacia
–rhizobial interactions. Evolution 2016; 70:1473-85. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.12966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter C. Zee
- Department of Biology California State University Northridge California 91330
| | - James D. Bever
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Kansas Biological Survey University of Kansas Lawrence Kansas 66045
| | - Joseph T. Miller
- National Research Collections Australia CSIRO National Facilities and Collections Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Division of Environmental Biology National Science Foundation Arlington Virginia 22230
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Peralta
- Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas CONICET CC 507 5500 Mendoza Argentina
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25
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Ibanez S, Arène F, Lavergne S. How phylogeny shapes the taxonomic and functional structure of plant-insect networks. Oecologia 2016; 180:989-1000. [PMID: 26787076 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenetically related species share a common evolutionary history and may therefore have similar traits. In terms of interaction networks, where traits are a major determinant, related species should therefore interact with other species which are also related. However, this prediction is challenged by current evidence that there is a weak, albeit significant, phylogenetic signal in species' taxonomic niche, i.e., the identity of interacting species. We studied mutualistic and antagonistic plant-insect interaction networks in species-rich alpine meadows and show that there is instead a very strong phylogenetic signal in species' functional niches-i.e., the mean functional traits of their interactors. This pattern emerges because related species tend to interact with species bearing certain traits that allow biotic interactions (pollination, herbivory) but not necessarily with species from all the same evolutionary lineages. Those traits define a set of potential interactors and show clear patterns of phylogenetic clustering on several portions of plants and insect phylogenies. Thus, this emerging pattern of low phylogenetic signal in taxonomic niches but high phylogenetic signal in functional niches may be driven by the interplay between functional trait convergence across plants' and insects' phylogenies and random sampling of the potential interactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Ibanez
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553, CNRS/Université de Savoie, 73000, Chambéry, France.
| | - Fabien Arène
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553, CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sébastien Lavergne
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553, CNRS/Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000, Grenoble, France
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26
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Dalla Riva GV, Stouffer DB. Exploring the evolutionary signature of food webs' backbones using functional traits. OIKOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giulio V. Dalla Riva
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, and School of Biological Sciences, Univ. of Canterbury; Room 523 - Erskine Building Science Road Ilam Christchurch Canterbury 8041 New Zealand
| | - Daniel B. Stouffer
- Centre for Integrative Ecology - School of Biological Sciences Univ. of Canterbury; Christchurch Canterbury 8041 New Zealand
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