1
|
Matsuda I. Following the trail of the elusive proboscis monkey in Borneo. Ecol Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1703.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikki Matsuda
- Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences Kasugai‐shi Japan
- Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies, Chubu University Kasugai‐shi Japan
- Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
- Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS Kota Kinabalu Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kamaluddin SN, Matsuda I, Md-Zain BM. Activity Budget and Postural Behaviors in Orangutans on Bukit Merah Orang Utan Island for Assessing Captive Great Ape Welfare. J APPL ANIM WELF SCI 2021; 25:244-255. [PMID: 33843367 DOI: 10.1080/10888705.2021.1910032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Assessments of the welfare status of captive and semi-captive animals often compare how their expression of natural behaviors differs from that of free-ranging conspecifics. From December 2015-2016, we recorded and analyzed the activity budget and postural behaviors of three orangutans in Bukit Merah Orang Utan Island (BMOUI) to evaluate their welfare status. The orangutans' activity budget was dominated by resting (60%), feeding (13%), playing (14%), and moving (9%). Behavioral categories followed a similar trend: resting > feeding > moving > playing, except that the subadult male spent significantly more time playing than the two adults. The most predominant posture was sitting (47.0%), followed by pronograde standing (29.4%), lying (10.5%), and clinging (4.5%). Our results suggest that orangutans on BMOUI engage in less feeding but more resting, and show less postural diversity than free-ranging individuals. We propose that appropriate interventions to shift activity budgets, especially feeding vs. resting, and postural behaviors of captive orangutans toward those found in free-ranging orangutans might be beneficial for their welfare and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siti Norsyuhada Kamaluddin
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ikki Matsuda
- Chubu University Academy of Emerging Sciences, Kasugai-shi, Aichi, Japan.,Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.,Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Munir Md-Zain
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.,Bukit Merah Orang Utan Island Foundation, Perak, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Urbani B, Youlatos D, Kowalewski MM. Postural behavior of howler monkeys ( Alouatta palliata, A. macconnelli, and A. caraya) during sleep: an assessment across the genus range. Primate Biol 2020; 7:25-33. [PMID: 33094151 PMCID: PMC7560490 DOI: 10.5194/pb-7-25-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is the longest and most continuous behavioral phase in the
24 h cycle of mammals. However, selection of postures, substrates, and tree
parts during sleep has not been adequately explored, as well as their
evolutionary consequences. The present study investigates postural behavior,
substrate, and tree part use during sleep in three howler species (A. palliata, A. macconnelli, and
A. caraya) in Nicaragua, French Guiana, and Argentina. All three species were
consistent in the use of a crouched ball-like sit-in posture on large,
horizontal, unramified, or bifurcated substrates, and in avoiding the
periphery of tree crowns. The regularities of these sleeping patterns are
very likely functionally associated with protection from potential predators
and extreme weather conditions, biomechanical stability, thermoregulation,
and enhancement of the digestive process of hard-to-decompose plant
material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Urbani
- Centro de Antropología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apartado 66.755, Caracas 1061-A, Venezuela
| | - Dionisios Youlatos
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Martín M Kowalewski
- Estación Biológica Corrientes, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", CONICET, Ruta Prov. 8, Km 7, 3400, San Cayetano, Corrientes, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stewart FA, Pruetz JD. Sex Bias and Social Influences on Savanna Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus) Nest Building Behavior. INT J PRIMATOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-020-00157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMany primates show sex differences in behavior, particularly social behavior, but also tool use for extractive foraging. All great apes learn to build a supportive structure for sleep. Whether sex differences exist in building, as in extractive foraging, is unknown, and little is known about how building skills develop and vary between individuals in the wild. We therefore aimed to describe the nesting behavior of savanna chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Fongoli, Senegal to provide comparative data and to investigate possible sex or age differences in nest building behaviors and nest characteristics. We followed chimpanzee groups to their night nesting sites to record group (55 nights) and individual level data (17 individuals) on nest building initiation and duration (57 nests) during the dry season between October 2007 and March 2008. We returned the following morning to record nest and tree characteristics (71 nests built by 25 individuals). Fongoli chimpanzees nested later than reported for other great apes, but no sex differences in initiating building emerged. Observations were limited but suggest adult females and immature males to nest higher, in larger trees than adult males, and adult females to take longer to build than either adult or immature males. Smaller females and immature males may avoid predation or access thinner, malleable branches, by nesting higher than adult males. These differences suggest that sex differences described for chimpanzee tool use may extend to nest building, with females investing more time and effort in constructing a safe, warm structure for sleep than males do.
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Pucora E, Schiffmann C, Clauss M. Resting postures in terrestrial mammalian herbivores. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Endre Pucora
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets, and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schiffmann
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets, and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Clauss
- Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets, and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurstrasse, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gordon IJ, Prins HHT, Mallon J, Puk LD, Miranda EBP, Starling-Manne C, van der Wal R, Moore B, Foley W, Lush L, Maestri R, Matsuda I, Clauss M. The Ecology of Browsing and Grazing in Other Vertebrate Taxa. THE ECOLOGY OF BROWSING AND GRAZING II 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-25865-8_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
|
8
|
Hou R, He S, Wu F, Chapman CA, Pan R, Garber PA, Guo S, Li B. Seasonal variation in diet and nutrition of the northern-most population of Rhinopithecus roxellana. Am J Primatol 2018; 80:e22755. [PMID: 29635833 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
There is a great deal of spatial and temporal variation in the availability and nutritional quality of foods eaten by animals, particularly in temperate regions where winter brings lengthy periods of leaf and fruit scarcity. We analyzed the availability, dietary composition, and macronutrients of the foods eaten by the northern-most golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) population in the Qinling Mountains, China to understand food choice in a highly seasonal environment dominated by deciduous trees. During the warm months between April and November, leaves are consumed in proportion to their availability, while during the leaf-scarce months between December and March, bark and leaf/flower buds comprise most of their diet. When leaves dominated their diet, golden snub-nosed monkeys preferentially selected leaves with higher ratios of crude protein to acid detergent fiber. While when leaves were less available, bark and leaf/flower buds that were high in nonstructural carbohydrates and energy, and low in acid detergent fiber were selected. Southern populations of golden snub-nosed monkey can turn to eating lichen, however, the population studied here in this lichen-absent area have adapted to their cool deciduous habitat by instead consuming buds and bark. Carbohydrate and energy rich foods appear to be the critical resources required for the persistence of this species in temperate habitat. The dietary flexibility of these monkeys, both among seasons and populations, likely contributes to their wide distribution over a range of habitats and environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shujun He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Colin A Chapman
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Anthropology and McGill School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York.,Section of Social Systems Evolution, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ruliang Pan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Paul A Garber
- Department of Anthropology, University Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Songtao Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoguo Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Xi'an Branch of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|