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De Wysiecki AM, Barnett A, Cortés F, Wiff R, Merlo PJ, Jaureguizar AJ, Awruch CA, Trobbiani GA, Irigoyen AJ. The essential habitat role of a unique coastal inlet for a widely distributed apex predator. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230667. [PMID: 37830021 PMCID: PMC10565395 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Essential habitats support specific functions for species, such as reproduction, feeding or refuge. For highly mobile aquatic species, identifying essential habitats within the wider distribution range is central to understanding species ecology, and underpinning effective management plans. This study examined the movement and space use patterns of sevengill sharks (Notorynchus cepedianus) in Caleta Valdés (CV), a unique coastal habitat in northern Patagonia, Argentina. Seasonal residency patterns of sharks were evident, with higher detectability in late spring and early summer and lower during autumn and winter. The overlap between the residency patterns of sharks and their prey, elephant seals, suggests that CV functions as a seasonal feeding aggregation site for N. cepedianus. The study also found sexual differences in movement behaviour, with males performing abrupt departures from CV and showing increased roaming with the presence of more sharks, and maximum detection probability at high tide. These movements could be related to different feeding strategies between sexes or mate-searching behaviour, suggesting that CV may also be essential for reproduction. Overall, this study highlights the importance of coastal sites as essential habitats for N. cepedianus and deepens our understanding of the ecological role of this apex predator in marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín M. De Wysiecki
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Adam Barnett
- Marine Data Technology Hub, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Biopixel Oceans Foundation, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Federico Cortés
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Wiff
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto Milenio en Socio-Ecología Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo J. Merlo
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Andrés J. Jaureguizar
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO), Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Provincial del Sudoeste (UPSO), Coronel Pringles, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cynthia A. Awruch
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- Fisheries and Aquaculture, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Gastón A. Trobbiani
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Alejo J. Irigoyen
- Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
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Wang H, Xie Y, Wang X, Geng X, Gao L. Characterization of the RACK1 gene of Aips cerana cerana and its role in adverse environmental stresses. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 263:110796. [PMID: 35973656 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Receptors for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1s) are a kind of multifunction scaffold protein that plays an important role in cell signal transductions and animal development. However, the function of RACK1 in the Chinese honeybee Apis cerana cerana is little known. Here, we isolated and identified a RACK1 gene from Apis cerana cerana, named AccRACK1. By bioinformatic analysis, we revealed a high nucleic acid homology between AccRACK1 and RACK1 of Apis cerana. RT-qPCR analyses demonstrated AccRACK1 was mostly expressed in 3rd instar larvae, darked-eyed pupae and adults (one and thirty days post-emergence), suggesting it might participate in the development of A. cerana cerana. Moreover, the expression of AccRACK1 was highest in the thorax, followed by the venom gland. Compared to the blank control group, AccRACK1 was induced by 24 and 44 °C, HgCl2 and pesticides (paraquat, pyridaben and methomyl) but inhibited by 14 °C, H2O2, UV light and cyhalothrin. Additionally, 0.05, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 mg/ml PPN (juvenile hormone analogue pyriproxyfen) could promote the expression of AccRACK1, with 1 mg/ml showing the highest upregulation, suggesting it was regulated by hormones. Further study found that after knockdown of AccRACK1 by RNAi, the expression of the eukaryotic initiation factor 6 of A. cerana cerana (AcceIF6), an initiation factor regulating the initiation of translation, was inhibited, indicating AccRACK1 might affect cellular responses by translation. These findings, taken together, suggest AccRACK1 is involved in the development and responses to abiotic stresses of A. cerana cerana, and therefore, it may be of critical importance to the survival of A. cerana cerana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Yucai Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoshan Geng
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Lijun Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China.
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Pérez-Rojas JG, Mejía-Falla PA, Navia AF, Tarazona AM, Pardo-Carrasco SC. Hematology and blood biochemistry profile of the freshwater stingray Potamotrygon magdalenae as a tool for population assessment in artificial environments. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e233780. [PMID: 33787714 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.233780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematological and blood biochemical reference information is important to establish physiological status of freshwater stingray populations and improve care and management protocols in artificial environments. Here, we used a commercial freshwater stingray with high mortality rates in the market (Potamotrygon magdalenae), as an example to understand how artificial environments and handling protocols influence physiological status of captive freshwater stingrays. To this purpose, blood from five adult males and six adult females was collected to perform complete blood counts and blood chemistry analyses. All sampled animals showed good body condition with no differences between sexes. Differences between sexes were only found for the differential count of lymphocytes. Red blood results were consistent with previously studied potamotrygonids while white blood results showed higher values of leukocytes, thrombocytes, heterophils and lymphocytes in P. magdalenae compared to other Potamotrygonids. All types of leukocytes described for elasmobranchs were found except neutrophils and basophils. Blood metabolites showed an influence of ex situ diet in total protein, triglycerides and cholesterol. Glucose results were consistent while urea showed lower levels than those recorded for other freshwater stingrays. These results highlight the importance of physical, physiological and health analysis in freshwater stingrays as a part of welfare assessment to improve monitoring protocols and survival rates in public or private aquaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Pérez-Rojas
- Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas - SQUALUS, Cali, Colombia.,Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Producción Animal, Medellín, Colombia
| | - P A Mejía-Falla
- Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas - SQUALUS, Cali, Colombia.,Wildlife Conservation Society - WCS Colombia, Cali, Colombia
| | - A F Navia
- Fundación Colombiana para la Investigación y Conservación de Tiburones y Rayas - SQUALUS, Cali, Colombia
| | - A M Tarazona
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Producción Animal, Medellín, Colombia
| | - S C Pardo-Carrasco
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Departamento de Producción Animal, Medellín, Colombia
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Becerril-García EE, Arellano-Martínez M, Bernot-Simon D, Hoyos-Padilla EM, Galván-Magaña F, Godard-Codding C. Steroid hormones and chondrichthyan reproduction: physiological functions, scientific research, and implications for conservation. PeerJ 2020. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the reproductive aspects of chondrichthyans through the analysis of steroid hormones has been carried out for more than five decades in several species around the world. This scientific knowledge constitutes the basis of the reproductive endocrinology of chondrichthyans, which has provided information regarding their sexual maturation, gametogenesis, mating seasons, gestation periods, and parturition. The present review summarises the existing literature on steroid hormones in chondrichthyan reproduction and identifies future research directions addressing critical knowledge gaps in the reproductive physiology of this taxon. A total of 59 peer reviewed scientific papers from 1963 to 2020 were reviewed and the following parameters analysed: species, steroid hormones, biological matrix, field sampling (year, location), and methodology (assays, sample size, precision, and recoveries). We provided a summary of the methods, biological matrices, and the functions of up to 19 hormones on the biology of 34 species of chondrichthyans that have been analysed to date. The majority of the studies used radioimmunoassay as the main methodology (76.3%; n = 45/49); while the most frequent biological matrix used was plasma (69.5%; n = 41/49). A Kernel’s heat map was generated to present the scientific effort according to geographic location and evidenced a lack of research in high biodiversity areas for chondrichthyans worldwide. The implications of the study of steroid hormones for the conservation of chondrichthyans are discussed, as only 2.9% of the species of this group have been analysed and most of the scientific effort (93.2%; n = 55/59 papers) has focused on the analysis of less than six hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Bernot-Simon
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | | | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Céline Godard-Codding
- The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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