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Nan H, Zheng Y, Lin YH, Chen S, Eddy CZ, Tian J, Xu W, Sun B, Jiao Y. Absorbing-active transition in a multi-cellular system regulated by a dynamic force network. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6938-6945. [PMID: 31432887 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01244c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Collective cell migration in 3D extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial to many physiological and pathological processes. Migrating cells can generate active pulling forces via actin filament contraction, which are transmitted to the ECM fibers and lead to a dynamically evolving force network in the system. Here, we elucidate the role of this force network in regulating collective cell behaviors using a minimal active-particle-on-network (APN) model, in which active particles can pull the fibers and hop between neighboring nodes of the network following local durotaxis. Our model reveals a dynamic transition as the particle number density approaches a critical value, from an "absorbing" state containing isolated stationary small particle clusters, to an "active" state containing a single large cluster undergoing constant dynamic reorganization. This reorganization is dominated by a subset of highly dynamic "radical" particles in the cluster, whose number also exhibits a transition at the same critical density. The transition is underlaid by the percolation of "influence spheres" due to the particle pulling forces. Our results suggest a robust mechanism based on ECM-mediated mechanical coupling for collective cell behaviors in 3D ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Nan
- Materials Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Yiheng H Lin
- Materials Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. and Shenzhen Middle School, Shenzhen 518001, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 Bus 2450, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christopher Z Eddy
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Jianxiang Tian
- Materials Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. and Department of Physics, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiang Xu
- Materials Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. and College of Mechanics and Materials, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Yang Jiao
- Materials Science and Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. and Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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Khademi M, Sahimi M. Static and dynamic properties of supercooled water in small nanotubes. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:024502. [PMID: 27421415 DOI: 10.1063/1.4955313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Khademi
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, USA
| | - Muhammad Sahimi
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, USA
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Dorenbos G. Water diffusion within hydrated model grafted polymeric membranes with bimodal side chain length distributions. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:2794-2805. [PMID: 25703230 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00016e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of bimodal side chain length distributions on pore morphology and solvent diffusion within hydrated amphiphilic polymeric membranes is predicted. Seven polymeric architectures are constructed from hydrophobic backbones from which at regular intervals side chains branch off that are alternatingly short (composed of p hydrophobic A fragments or beads) and long (q A fragments, q > p). The side chains are end-linked with a hydrophilic C fragment. Pore morphologies at a water volume fraction of 0.16 are calculated by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). Water diffusion through the water containing pores is calculated by tracer diffusion calculations through 140 selected snapshots and from the water bead motions. Diffusion constants decrease with difference in side chain lengths, q - p. Overall, the distance between pores also decreases with q - p. The results are explained by counting for every architecture the average number of bonds 〈N(bond)〉 between an A and the nearest C fragment. These results are in line with a database that contains more than 60 architectures. Diffusion constants tend to increase linearly with 〈N(bond)〉|C|(-1)|A|, where |C| and |A| are the C and A bead fractions within the architecture. 〈N(bond)〉 is therefore expected to be an interesting design parameter for obtaining low percolation thresholds for solvent and/or proton diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Dorenbos
- 410-1118, 1107-2 sano, Belle Crea 502, Susono-shi, Shizuoka-ken, Japan.
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Hoitzing H, Johnston IG, Jones NS. What is the function of mitochondrial networks? A theoretical assessment of hypotheses and proposal for future research. Bioessays 2015; 37:687-700. [PMID: 25847815 PMCID: PMC4672710 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201400188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria can change their shape from discrete isolated organelles to a large continuous reticulum. The cellular advantages underlying these fused networks are still incompletely understood. In this paper, we describe and compare hypotheses regarding the function of mitochondrial networks. We use mathematical and physical tools both to investigate existing hypotheses and to generate new ones, and we suggest experimental and modelling strategies. Among the novel insights we underline from this work are the possibilities that (i) selective mitophagy is not required for quality control because selective fusion is sufficient; (ii) increased connectivity may have non-linear effects on the diffusion rate of proteins; and (iii) fused networks can act to dampen biochemical fluctuations. We hope to convey to the reader that quantitative approaches can drive advances in the understanding of the physiological advantage of these morphological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Hoitzing
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Iain G Johnston
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nick S Jones
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Stauffer D, Sahimi M. Diffusion in scale-free networks with annealed disorder. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2005; 72:046128. [PMID: 16383489 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.72.046128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The scale-free (SF) networks that have been studied so far contained quenched disorder generated by random dilution which does not vary with the time. In practice, if a SF network is to represent, for example, the worldwide web, then the links between its various nodes may temporarily be lost and reestablished again later on. This gives rise to SF networks with annealed disorder. Even if the disorder is quenched, it may be more realistic to generate it by a dynamical process that is happening in the network. In this paper, we study diffusion in SF networks with annealed disorder generated by various scenarios, as well as in SF networks with quenched disorder which, however, is generated by the diffusion process itself. Several quantities of the diffusion process are computed, including the mean number of distinct sites visited, the mean number of returns to the origin, and the mean number of connected nodes that are accessible to the random walkers at any given time. The results, including (1) greatly reduced growth with the time of the mean number of distinct sites visited, (2) blocking of the random walkers, (3) the existence of a phase diagram that separates the region in which diffusion is possible from one in which diffusion is impossible, and (4) a transition in the structure of the networks at which the mean number of distinct sites visited vanishes, indicate completely different behavior for the computed quantities than those in SF networks with quenched disorder generated by simple random dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietrich Stauffer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, USA
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Ilan B, Loring RF. Polymer motions from localization to Rouse dynamics in supercooled melts. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1370071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Benichou O, Klafter J, Moreau M, Oshanin G. Generalized model for dynamic percolation. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 2000; 62:3327-3339. [PMID: 11088832 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.3327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We study the dynamics of a carrier, which performs a biased motion under the influence of an external field E-->, in an environment which is modeled by dynamic percolation and created by hard-core particles. The particles move randomly on a simple cubic lattice, constrained by hard-core exclusion, and they spontaneously annihilate and reappear at some prescribed rates. We determine the density profiles of the "environment" particles, as seen from the stationary moving carrier, and calculate its terminal velocity V(c) as the function of the applied field and other system parameters. For sufficiently small driving forces the force exerted on the carrier by the "environment" particles shows a viscouslike behavior. An analog Stokes formula for such dynamic percolative environments and the corresponding friction coefficient are derived. We show that the density profile of the environment particles is strongly inhomogeneous: In front of the stationary moving carrier the density is higher than the average density rho(s), while past the carrier the local density is lower than rho(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- O Benichou
- Laboratoire de Physique Theorique et Modeles Statistiques, Universite Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France and Laboratoire de Physique Theorique des Liquides, Universite Paris 6, 4, Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris, France
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Ilan B, Loring RF. Relaxation in a supercooled polymer melt within the dynamically disordered Rouse model. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pálszegi T, Mollay B, Kauffmann HF. Excitation energy transport and conformational-librational motion in chains. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger F. Loring
- Department of Chemistry, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853
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Pálszegi T, Kauffmann HF. Electronic excitation transfer in chains modulated by conformational dynamic disorder. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Chatterjee AP, Geissler PL, Loring RF. Stress relaxation in unentangled and entangled polymer liquids. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Excitation migration and transfer to interstitial traps — low dimensional transport and conformational motion. Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(95)00434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chatterjee AP, Loring RF. Viscoelasticity of a fluid of dynamically disordered harmonic macromolecules. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wachi Y, Odagaki T, Puri A. Nonuniversal diffusivity exponent for the soft-percolation process in two dimensions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:13412-13418. [PMID: 9975533 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Chatterjee AP, Loring RF. Effective medium approximation for random walks with non-Markovian dynamical disorder. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 50:2439-2450. [PMID: 9962277 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.2439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Chatterjee AP, Loring RF. Calculation of the dynamic structure factor in polymer melts. J Chem Phys 1994. [DOI: 10.1063/1.467780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Szleifer I, Wilson JD, Loring RF. Reply to the Comment on: Self‐consistent theory of polymer dynamics in melts. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.462925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Szleifer I, Wilson JD, Loring RF. Self‐consistent theory of polymer dynamics in melts. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.461277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Szleifer I, Loring RF. A unified theory of the dynamics of linear chain macromolecules: From unentangled to entangled polymer fluids. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.461008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sahimi M. Diffusion-controlled reactions in disordered porous media—I. Uniform distribution of reactants. Chem Eng Sci 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2509(88)80051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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