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Born A, Johansson FOL, Leitner T, Bidermane I, Kühn D, Mårtensson N, Föhlisch A. The degree of electron itinerancy and shell closing in the core-ionized state of transition metals probed by Auger-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:19218-19222. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02477b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Auger-photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy affirms and clarifies the LVV spectrum of Cu to be atomic-like, Co itinerant and Ni mixed as predicted in the Cini–Sawatzky model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Born
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation in Synchrotron Radiation Research FG-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fredrik O. L. Johansson
- Division of Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KTH – Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Torsten Leitner
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation in Synchrotron Radiation Research FG-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ieva Bidermane
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation in Synchrotron Radiation Research FG-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Danilo Kühn
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation in Synchrotron Radiation Research FG-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Mårtensson
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Division of X-ray Photon Science, Uppsala University, P. O. Box 256, SE-751 05, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexander Föhlisch
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation in Synchrotron Radiation Research FG-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
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Born A, Johansson FOL, Leitner T, Kühn D, Lindblad A, Mårtensson N, Föhlisch A. Separation of surface oxide from bulk Ni by selective Ni 3p photoelectron spectroscopy for chemical analysis in coincidence with Ni M-edge Auger electrons. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16596. [PMID: 34400717 PMCID: PMC8368013 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical shift of core level binding energies makes electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) a workhorse analytical tool for science and industry. For some elements, close lying and overlapping spectral features within the natural life time broadening restrict applications. We establish how the core level binding energy chemical shift can be picked up experimentally by the additional selectivity through Auger electron photoelectron coincidence spectroscopy (APECS). Coincident measurement of Ni 3p photoemission with different MVV Auger regions from specific decay channels, narrows the 3p core-levels to a width of 1.2 eV, resolves the spin-orbit splitting of 1.6 eV and determines the chemical shift of Ni 3p levels of a Ni(111) single crystal and its oxidized surface layer to 0.6 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Born
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research PS-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Fredrik O L Johansson
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research PS-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Torsten Leitner
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research PS-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Danilo Kühn
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Institute Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research PS-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Lindblad
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 256, 751 05, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nils Mårtensson
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Molecular and Condensed Matter Physics, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 256, 751 05, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alexander Föhlisch
- Uppsala-Berlin Joint Laboratory on Next Generation Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research PS-ISRR, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
- Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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Jozwiak C, Graf J, Lebedev G, Andresen N, Schmid AK, Fedorov AV, El Gabaly F, Wan W, Lanzara A, Hussain Z. A high-efficiency spin-resolved photoemission spectrometer combining time-of-flight spectroscopy with exchange-scattering polarimetry. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:053904. [PMID: 20515152 DOI: 10.1063/1.3427223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We describe a spin-resolved electron spectrometer capable of uniquely efficient and high energy resolution measurements. Spin analysis is obtained through polarimetry based on low-energy exchange scattering from a ferromagnetic thin-film target. This approach can achieve a similar analyzing power (Sherman function) as state-of-the-art Mott scattering polarimeters, but with as much as 100 times improved efficiency due to increased reflectivity. Performance is further enhanced by integrating the polarimeter into a time-of-flight (TOF) based energy analysis scheme with a precise and flexible electrostatic lens system. The parallel acquisition of a range of electron kinetic energies afforded by the TOF approach results in an order of magnitude (or more) increase in efficiency compared to hemispherical analyzers. The lens system additionally features a 90 degrees bandpass filter, which by removing unwanted parts of the photoelectron distribution allows the TOF technique to be performed at low electron drift energy and high energy resolution within a wide range of experimental parameters. The spectrometer is ideally suited for high-resolution spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (spin-ARPES), and initial results are shown. The TOF approach makes the spectrometer especially ideal for time-resolved spin-ARPES experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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Lower J, Panajotović R, Bellm S, Weigold E. Invited article: an improved double-toroidal spectrometer for gas phase (e,2e) studies. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2007; 78:111301. [PMID: 18052458 DOI: 10.1063/1.2813014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A new spectrometer is described for measuring the momentum distributions of scattered electrons arising from electron-atom and electron-molecule ionization experiments. It incorporates and builds on elements from a number of previous designs, namely, a source of polarized electrons and two high-efficiency electrostatic electron energy analyzers. The analyzers each comprise a seven-element retarding-electrostatic lens system, four toroidal-sector electrodes, and a fast position-and-time-sensitive two-dimensional delay-line detector. Results are presented for the electron-impact-induced ionization of helium and the elastic scattering of electrons from argon and helium which demonstrate that high levels of momentum resolution and data-collection efficiency are achieved. Problematic aspects regarding variations in collection efficiency over the accepted momentum phase space are addressed and a methodology for their correction presented. Principles behind the present design and previous designs for electrostatic analyzers based around electrodes of toroidal-sector geometry are discussed and a framework is provided for optimizing future devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lower
- Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratories, RSPhysSE, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia
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Kheifets AS, Lower J, Nygaard KJ, Utteridge S, Vos M, Weigold E, Ritter AL. Measurement of the spectral momentum distribution of valence electrons in amorphous carbon by (e,2e) spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 49:2113-2120. [PMID: 10011017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.49.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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