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First Results on the Revealing of Cognate Ancestors among the Particles of the Primary Cosmic Rays That Gave Rise to Extensive Air Showers Observed by the GELATICA Network. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14081749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For the data on the observation times and directions of the motion of extensive air showers, which are observed at two stations of the GELATICA network, for the first time we apply the method we have developed previously for identifying pairs of mutually remote extensive air showers, the ancestor particles of which arose, possibly, in a single process. A brief description of the GELATICA network, a review of the properties of used samples of data on shower observations at two stations of the network during the 2019–2021 session, and the result of applying the above method to them are given. Some properties of a single peculiar pair of remote showers are discussed. A side question arose about the cause of the observed temporal asymmetry in the locations of the regions of mutual approach of independent primary cosmic ray particles.
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Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation with Multiwavelength Polarized Astrophysical Sources. GALAXIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/galaxies9020044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Possible violations of Lorentz invariance (LIV) can produce vacuum birefringence, which results in a frequency-dependent rotation of the polarization plane of linearly polarized light from distant sources. In this paper, we try to search for a frequency-dependent change of the linear polarization angle arising from vacuum birefringence in the spectropolarimetric data of astrophysical sources. We collect five blazars with multiwavelength polarization measurements in different optical bands (UBVRI). Taking into account the observed polarization angle contributions from both the intrinsic polarization angle and the rotation angle induced by LIV, and assuming that the intrinsic polarization angle is an unknown constant, we obtain new constraints on LIV by directly fitting the multiwavelength polarimetric data of the five blazars. Here, we show that the birefringence parameter η quantifying the broken degree of Lorentz invariance is limited to be in the range of −9.63×10−8<η<6.55×10−6 at the 2σ confidence level, which is as good as or represents one order of magnitude improvement over the results previously obtained from ultraviolet/optical polarization observations. Much stronger limits can be obtained by future multiwavelength observations in the gamma-ray energy band.
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Abstract
Modified theories of gravity that explicitly break diffeomorphism invariance have been used for over a decade to explore open issues related to quantum gravity, dark energy, and dark matter. At the same time, the Standard-Model Extension (SME) has been widely used as a phenomenological framework in investigations of spacetime symmetry breaking. Until recently, it was thought that the SME was suitable only for theories with spontaneous spacetime symmetry breaking due to consistency conditions stemming from the Bianchi identities. However, it has recently been shown that, particularly with matter couplings included, the consistency conditions can also be satisfied in theories with explicit breaking. An overview of how this is achieved is presented, and two examples are examined. The first is massive gravity, which includes a nondynamical background tensor. The second is a model based on a low-energy limit of Hořava gravity, where spacetime has a physically preferred foliation. In both cases, bounds on matter–gravity interactions that explicitly break diffeomorphisms are obtained using the SME.
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Abstract
The effects of Lorentz and CPT violations on macroscopic objects are explored. Effective composite coefficients for Lorentz violation are derived in terms of coefficients for electrons, protons, and neutrons in the Standard-Model Extension, including all minimal and non-minimal violations. The hamiltonian and modified Newton’s second law for a test body are derived. The framework is applied to free-fall and torsion-balance tests of the weak equivalence principle and to orbital motion. The effects on continuous media are studied, and the frequency shifts in acoustic resonators are calculated.
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Abstract
The Cosmic-Ray Extremely Distributed Observatory (CREDO) is a newly formed, global collaboration dedicated to observing and studying cosmic rays (CR) and cosmic-ray ensembles (CRE): groups of at least two CR with a common primary interaction vertex or the same parent particle. The CREDO program embraces testing known CR and CRE scenarios, and preparing to observe unexpected physics, it is also suitable for multi-messenger and multi-mission applications. Perfectly matched to CREDO capabilities, CRE could be formed both within classical models (e.g., as products of photon–photon interactions), and exotic scenarios (e.g., as results of decay of Super-Heavy Dark Matter particles). Their fronts might be significantly extended in space and time, and they might include cosmic rays of energies spanning the whole cosmic-ray energy spectrum, with a footprint composed of at least two extensive air showers with correlated arrival directions and arrival times. As the CRE are predominantly expected to be spread over large areas and, due to the expected wide energy range of the contributing particles, such a CRE detection might only be feasible when using all available cosmic-ray infrastructure collectively, i.e., as a globally extended network of detectors. Thus, with this review article, the CREDO Collaboration invites the astroparticle physics community to actively join or to contribute to the research dedicated to CRE and, in particular, to pool together cosmic-ray data to support specific CRE detection strategies.
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Sanjuan J, Abich K, Gohlke M, Resch A, Schuldt T, Wegehaupt T, Barwood GP, Gill P, Braxmaier C. Long-term stable optical cavity for special relativity tests in space. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:36206-36220. [PMID: 31873404 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.036206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BOOST (BOOst Symmetry Test) is a proposed space mission to search for Lorentz invariance violations and aims to improve the Kennedy-Thorndike parameter constraint by two orders of magnitude. The mission consists of comparing two optical frequency references of different nature, an optical cavity and a hyperfine transition in molecular iodine, in a low Earth orbit. Naturally, the stability of the frequency references at the orbit period of 5400 s (f=0.18 mHz) is essential for the mission success. Here we present our experimental efforts to achieve the required fractional frequency stability of 7.4×10-14 Hz -1/2 at 0.18 mHz (in units of the square root of the power spectral density), using a high-finesse optical cavity. We have demonstrated a frequency stability of (9±3)×10-14 Hz -1/2 at 0.18 mHz, which corresponds to an Allan deviation of 10-14 at 5400 s. A thorough noise source breakdown is presented, which allows us to identify the critical aspects to consider for a future space-qualified optical cavity for BOOST. The major noise contributor at sub-milli-Hertz frequency was related to intensity fluctuations, followed by thermal noise and beam pointing. Other noise sources had a negligible effect on the frequency stability, including temperature fluctuations, which were strongly attenuated by a five-layer thermal shield.
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Abstract
General Relativity predicts two modes for plane gravitational waves. When a tiny violation of Lorentz invariance occurs, the two gravitational wave modes are modified. We use perturbation theory to study the detailed form of the modifications to the two gravitational wave modes from the minimal Lorentz-violation coupling. The perturbation solution for the metric fluctuation up to the first order in Lorentz violation is discussed. Then, we investigate the motions of test particles under the influence of the plane gravitational waves with Lorentz violation. First-order deviations from the usual motions are found.
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Moseley S, Scaramuzza N, Tasson JD, Trostel ML. Lorentz violation and Sagnac gyroscopes. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.064031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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10
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Abstract
Lorentz symmetry is an important concept in modern physics. Precision pulsar timing was used to put tight constraints on the coefficients for Lorentz violation in the pure-gravity sector of the Standard-Model Extension (SME). We extend the analysis to Lorentz-violating matter-gravity couplings, utilizing three small-eccentricity relativistic neutron star (NS)—white dwarf (WD) binaries. We obtain compelling limits on various SME coefficients related to the neutron, the proton, and the electron. These results are complementary to limits obtained from lunar laser ranging and clock experiments.
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11
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Somogyi G, Nándori I, Jentschura U. Neutrino splitting for Lorentz-violating neutrinos: Detailed analysis. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.035036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Shao CG, Chen YF, Tan YJ, Yang SQ, Luo J, Tobar ME, Long JC, Weisman E, Kostelecký VA. Combined Search for a Lorentz-Violating Force in Short-Range Gravity Varying as the Inverse Sixth Power of Distance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:011102. [PMID: 31012650 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.011102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Precision measurements of the inverse-square law via experiments on short-range gravity provide sensitive tests of Lorentz symmetry. A combined analysis of data from experiments at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Indiana University sets simultaneous limits on all 22 coefficients for Lorentz violation correcting the Newton force law as the inverse sixth power of distance. Results are consistent with no effect at the level of 10^{-12} m^{4}.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Gang Shao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fen Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Qing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Gravitation and Quantum Physics, PGMF and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael Edmund Tobar
- Department of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - J C Long
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - E Weisman
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - V Alan Kostelecký
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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Abstract
Physics students are rarely exposed to the style of thinking that goes into theoretical developments in physics until late in their education. In this work, we present an alternative to the traditional statement of Newton’s second law that makes theory questions accessible to students early in their undergraduate studies. Rather than a contrived example, the model considered here arises from a popular framework for testing Lorentz symmetry used extensively in contemporary experiments. Hence, this work also provides an accessible introduction to some key ideas in ongoing tests of fundamental symmetries in physics.
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Barabash A, Belli P, Bernabei R, Cappella F, Caracciolo V, Cerulli R, Chernyak D, Danevich F, d’Angelo S, Incicchitti A, Kasperovych D, Kobychev V, Konovalov S, Laubenstein M, Poda D, Polischuk O, Shlegel V, Tretyak V, Umatov V, Vasiliev YV. Final results of the Aurora experiment to study
2β
decay of
Cd116
with enriched
Cd116WO4
crystal scintillators. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.092007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Bourgoin A, Le Poncin-Lafitte C, Hees A, Bouquillon S, Francou G, Angonin MC. Lorentz Symmetry Violations from Matter-Gravity Couplings with Lunar Laser Ranging. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:201102. [PMID: 29219364 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.201102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The standard-model extension (SME) is an effective field theory framework aiming at parametrizing any violation to the Lorentz symmetry (LS) in all sectors of physics. In this Letter, we report the first direct experimental measurement of SME coefficients performed simultaneously within two sectors of the SME framework using lunar laser ranging observations. We consider the pure gravitational sector and the classical point-mass limit in the matter sector of the minimal SME. We report no deviation from general relativity and put new realistic stringent constraints on LS violations improving up to 3 orders of magnitude previous estimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bourgoin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, University of Bologna, via fontanelle 40, Forlì, Italy
| | - C Le Poncin-Lafitte
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | - A Hees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Bouquillon
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | - G Francou
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | - M-C Angonin
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
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Flowers NA, Goodge C, Tasson JD. Superconducting-Gravimeter Tests of Local Lorentz Invariance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:201101. [PMID: 29219340 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.201101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Superconducting-gravimeter measurements are used to test the local Lorentz invariance of the gravitational interaction and of matter-gravity couplings. The best laboratory sensitivities to date are achieved via a maximum-reach analysis for 13 Lorentz-violating operators, with some improvements exceeding an order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha A Flowers
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, USA
| | - Casey Goodge
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, USA
| | - Jay D Tasson
- Physics and Astronomy Department, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, USA
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Stecker FW. TESTING LORENTZ SYMMETRY USING HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYSICS OBSERVATIONS. Symmetry (Basel) 2017; 9:201. [PMID: 32747867 PMCID: PMC7398415 DOI: 10.3390/sym9100201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We discuss some of the tests of Lorentz symmetry made possible by astrophysical observations of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays, γ-rays, and neutrinos. These are among the most sensitive tests of Lorentz invariance violation because they are the highest energy phenomena known to man.
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Gravitational Waves and Gamma-Rays from a Binary Neutron Star Merger: GW170817 and GRB 170817A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aa920c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1795] [Impact Index Per Article: 256.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Constraining Anisotropic Lorentz Violation via the Spectral-lag Transition of GRB 160625B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa7630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Bourgoin A, Hees A, Bouquillon S, Le Poncin-Lafitte C, Francou G, Angonin MC. Testing Lorentz Symmetry with Lunar Laser Ranging. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:241301. [PMID: 28009221 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.241301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lorentz symmetry violations can be parametrized by an effective field theory framework that contains both general relativity and the standard model of particle physics called the standard-model extension (SME). We present new constraints on pure gravity SME coefficients obtained by analyzing lunar laser ranging (LLR) observations. We use a new numerical lunar ephemeris computed in the SME framework and we perform a LLR data analysis using a set of 20 721 normal points covering the period of August, 1969 to December, 2013. We emphasize that linear combination of SME coefficients to which LLR data are sensitive and not the same as those fitted in previous postfit residuals analysis using LLR observations and based on theoretical grounds. We found no evidence for Lorentz violation at the level of 10^{-8} for s[over ¯]^{TX}, 10^{-12} for s[over ¯]^{XY} and s[over ¯]^{XZ}, 10^{-11} for s[over ¯]^{XX}-s[over ¯]^{YY} and s[over ¯]^{XX}+s[over ¯]^{YY}-2s[over ¯]^{ZZ}-4.5s[over ¯]^{YZ}, and 10^{-9} for s[over ¯]^{TY}+0.43s[over ¯]^{TZ}. We improve previous constraints on SME coefficient by a factor up to 5 and 800 compared to postfit residuals analysis of respectively binary pulsars and LLR observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bourgoin
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | - A Hees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S Bouquillon
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | - C Le Poncin-Lafitte
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | - G Francou
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
| | - M-C Angonin
- SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, LNE, 61 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
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24
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Experimental Studies on the Lorentz Symmetry in Post-Newtonian Gravity with Pulsars. UNIVERSE 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/universe2040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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26
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Shao CG, Tan YJ, Tan WH, Yang SQ, Luo J, Tobar ME, Bailey QG, Long JC, Weisman E, Xu R, Kostelecký VA. Combined Search for Lorentz Violation in Short-Range Gravity. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:071102. [PMID: 27563946 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.071102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Short-range experiments testing the gravitational inverse-square law at the submillimeter scale offer uniquely sensitive probes of Lorentz invariance. A combined analysis of results from the short-range gravity experiments HUST-2015, HUST-2011, IU-2012, and IU-2002 permits the first independent measurements of the 14 nonrelativistic coefficients for Lorentz violation in the pure-gravity sector at the level of 10^{-9} m^{2}, improving by an order of magnitude the sensitivity to numerous types of Lorentz violation involving quadratic curvature derivatives and curvature couplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Gang Shao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hai Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Qing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements, School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael Edmund Tobar
- School of Physics, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Quentin G Bailey
- Physics Department, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, Arizona 86301, USA
| | - J C Long
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - E Weisman
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - V Alan Kostelecký
- Physics Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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27
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Nagel M, Parker SR, Kovalchuk EV, Stanwix PL, Hartnett JG, Ivanov EN, Peters A, Tobar ME. Direct terrestrial test of Lorentz symmetry in electrodynamics to 10(-18). Nat Commun 2015; 6:8174. [PMID: 26323989 PMCID: PMC4569797 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Lorentz symmetry is a foundational property of modern physics, underlying the standard model of particles and general relativity. It is anticipated that these two theories are low-energy approximations of a single theory that is unified and consistent at the Planck scale. Many unifying proposals allow Lorentz symmetry to be broken, with observable effects appearing at Planck-suppressed levels; thus, precision tests of Lorentz invariance are needed to assess and guide theoretical efforts. Here we use ultrastable oscillator frequency sources to perform a modern Michelson-Morley experiment and make the most precise direct terrestrial test to date of Lorentz symmetry for the photon, constraining Lorentz violating orientation-dependent relative frequency changes Δν/ν to 9.2±10.7 × 10(-19) (95% confidence interval). This order of magnitude improvement over previous Michelson-Morley experiments allows us to set comprehensive simultaneous bounds on nine boost and rotation anisotropies of the speed of light, finding no significant violations of Lorentz symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Nagel
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephen R. Parker
- School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Evgeny V. Kovalchuk
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul L. Stanwix
- School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - John G. Hartnett
- School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Eugene N. Ivanov
- School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Achim Peters
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael E. Tobar
- School of Physics, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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28
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Sanjuan J, Gürlebeck N, Braxmaier C. Mathematical model of thermal shields for long-term stability optical resonators. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:17892-17908. [PMID: 26191850 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.017892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Modern experiments aiming at tests of fundamental physics, like measuring gravitational waves or testing Lorentz Invariance with unprecedented accuracy, require thermal environments that are highly stable over long times. To achieve such a stability, the experiment including typically an optical resonator is nested in a thermal enclosure, which passively attenuates external temperature fluctuations to acceptable levels. These thermal shields are usually designed using tedious numerical simulations or with simple analytical models. In this paper, we propose an accurate analytical method to estimate the performance of passive thermal shields in the frequency domain, which allows for fast evaluation and optimization. The model analysis has also unveiled interesting properties of the shields, such as dips in the transfer function for some frequencies under certain combinations of materials and geometries. We validate the results by comparing them to numerical simulations performed with commercial software based on finite element methods.
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