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Wang J, Yang YF. Nonlocal Kondo effect and two-fluid picture revealed in an exactly solvable model. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad169. [PMID: 37275258 PMCID: PMC10235911 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the nature of local-itinerant transition of strongly correlated electrons is one of the central problems in condensed matter physics. Heavy fermion systems describe the f-electron delocalization through Kondo interactions with conduction electrons. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to the so-called Kondo-destruction scenario, which predicts a dramatic local-to-itinerant quantum phase transition of f-electrons at zero temperature. On the other hand, two-fluid behaviors have been observed in many materials, suggesting coexistence of local and itinerant f-electrons over a broad temperature range but lacking a microscopic theoretical description. To elucidate this fundamental issue, here we propose an exactly solvable Kondo-Heisenberg model in which the spins are defined in the momentum space and the k-space Kondo interaction corresponds to a highly nonlocal spin scattering in the coordinate space. Its solution reveals a continuous evolution of the Fermi surfaces with Kondo interaction and two-fluid behaviors similar to those observed in real materials. The electron density violates the usual Luttinger's theorem, but follows a generalized one allowing for partially enlarged Fermi surfaces due to partial Kondo screening in the momentum space. Our results highlight the consequence of nonlocal Kondo interaction relevant for strong quantum fluctuation regions and provide important insight into the microscopic description of two-fluid phenomenology in heavy fermion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangfan Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Physics, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
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2
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Yang YF. An emerging global picture of heavy fermion physics. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 35:103002. [PMID: 36542859 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acadc4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recent progresses using state-of-the-art experimental techniques have motivated a number of new insights on heavy fermion physics. This article gives a brief summary of the author's research along this direction. We discuss five major topics including: (1) development of phase coherence and two-stage hybridization; (2) two-fluid behavior and hidden universal scaling; (3) quantum phase transitions and fractionalized heavy fermion liquid; (4) quantum critical superconductivity; (5) material-specific properties. These cover the most essential parts of heavy fermion physics and lead to an emerging global picture beyond conventional theories based on mean-field or local approximations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Feng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, People's Republic of China
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3
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Peculiar Physics of Heavy-Fermion Metals: Theory versus Experiment. ATOMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atoms10030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This review considers the topological fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) that leads to flat bands and allows the elucidation of the special behavior of heavy-fermion (HF) metals that is not exhibited by common metals described within the framework of the Landau Fermi liquid (LFL) theory. We bring together theoretical consideration within the framework of the fermion condensation theory based on the FCQPT with experimental data collected on HF metals. We show that very different HF metals demonstrate universal behavior induced by the FCQPT and demonstrate that Fermi systems near the FCQPT are controlled by the Fermi quasiparticles with the effective mass M* strongly depending on temperature T, magnetic field B, pressure P, etc. Within the framework of our analysis, the experimental data regarding the thermodynamic, transport and relaxation properties of HF metal are naturally described. Based on the theory, we explain a number of experimental data and show that the considered HF metals exhibit peculiar properties such as: (1) the universal T/B scaling behavior; (2) the linear dependence of the resistivity on T, ρ(T)∝A1T (with A1 is a temperature-independent coefficient), and the negative magnetoresistance; (3) asymmetrical dependence of the tunneling differential conductivity (resistivity) on the bias voltage; (4) in the case of a flat band, the superconducting critical temperature Tc∝g with g being the coupling constant, while the M* becomes finite; (5) we show that the so called Planckian limit exhibited by HF metals with ρ(T)∝T is defined by the presence of flat bands.
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4
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Yin L, Che L, Le T, Chen Y, Zhang Y, Lee H, Gnida D, Thompson JD, Kaczorowski D, Lu X. Point-contact spectroscopy of heavy fermion superconductors Ce 2PdIn 8and Ce 3PdIn 11in comparison with CeCoIn 5. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:205603. [PMID: 33690181 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abed19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report point-contact spectroscopy measurements on heavy fermion cousins CeCoIn5, Ce2PdIn8and Ce3PdIn11to systematically study the hybridization betweenfand conduction electrons. Below a temperatureT*, the spectrum of each compound exhibits an evolving Fano-like conductance shape, superimposed on a sloping background, that suggests the development of hybridization between localfand itinerant conduction electrons in the coherent heavy fermion state belowT*. We present a quantitative analysis of the conductance curves with a two-channel model to compare the tunneling process between normal metallic silver particles in our soft point-contact and heavy-fermion single crystals CeCoIn5, Ce2PdIn8and Ce3PdIn11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichang Yin
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Che
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Le
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chen
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanoh Lee
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel Gnida
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joe D Thompson
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States of America
| | - Dariusz Kaczorowski
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 1410, 50-950 Wroclaw, Poland
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Smart Structures, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okolna 2, 50-422 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Xin Lu
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
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5
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Mazzone DG, Dzero M, Abeykoon AM, Yamaoka H, Ishii H, Hiraoka N, Rueff JP, Ablett JM, Imura K, Suzuki HS, Hancock JN, Jarrige I. Kondo-Induced Giant Isotropic Negative Thermal Expansion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:125701. [PMID: 32281848 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.125701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Negative thermal expansion is an unusual phenomenon appearing in only a handful of materials, but pursuit and mastery of the phenomenon holds great promise for applications across disciplines and industries. Here we report use of x-ray spectroscopy and diffraction to investigate the 4f-electronic properties in Y-doped SmS and employ the Kondo volume collapse model to interpret the results. Our measurements reveal an unparalleled decrease of the bulk Sm valence by over 20% at low temperatures in the mixed-valent golden phase, which we show is caused by a strong coupling between an emergent Kondo lattice state and a large isotropic volume change. The amplitude and temperature range of the negative thermal expansion appear strongly dependent on the Y concentration and the associated chemical disorder, providing control over the observed effect. This finding opens avenues for the design of Kondo lattice materials with tunable, giant, and isotropic negative thermal expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Mazzone
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Dzero
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - Am M Abeykoon
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H Yamaoka
- RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - H Ishii
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - N Hiraoka
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - J-P Rueff
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48 Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J M Ablett
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, BP 48 Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Imura
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - H S Suzuki
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
- The Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8581, Japan
| | - J N Hancock
- Department of Physics and Institute for Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - I Jarrige
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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6
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Liu YP, Zhang YJ, Dong JJ, Lee H, Wei ZX, Zhang WL, Chen CY, Yuan HQ, Yang YF, Qi J. Hybridization Dynamics in CeCoIn_{5} Revealed by Ultrafast Optical Spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:057404. [PMID: 32083911 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.057404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the quasiparticle dynamics in the prototypical heavy fermion CeCoIn_{5} using ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy. Our results indicate that this material system undergoes hybridization fluctuations before the establishment of heavy electron coherence, as the temperature decreases from ∼120 K (T^{†}) to ∼55 K (T^{*}). We reveal that the anomalous coherent phonon softening and damping reduction below T^{*} are directly associated with the emergence of collective hybridization. We also discover a distinct collective mode with an energy of ∼8 meV, which may be experimental evidence of the predicted unconventional density wave. Our findings provide important information for understanding the hybridization dynamics in heavy fermion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y P Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Y J Zhang
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - J J Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - H Lee
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Z X Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Institute of Electronic and Information Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - W L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - C Y Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - H Q Yuan
- Center for Correlated Matter and Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yi-Feng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - J Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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7
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Mazzone DG, Gauthier N, Maimone DT, Yadav R, Bartkowiak M, Gavilano JL, Raymond S, Pomjakushin V, Casati N, Revay Z, Lapertot G, Sibille R, Kenzelmann M. Evolution of Magnetic Order from the Localized to the Itinerant Limit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:097201. [PMID: 31524473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.097201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quantum materials that feature magnetic long-range order often reveal complex phase diagrams when localized electrons become mobile. In many materials magnetism is rapidly suppressed as electronic charges dissolve into the conduction band. In materials where magnetism persists, it is unclear how the magnetic properties are affected. Here we study the evolution of the magnetic structure in Nd_{1-x}Ce_{x}CoIn_{5} from the localized to the highly itinerant limit. We observe two magnetic ground states inside a heavy-fermion phase that are detached from unconventional superconductivity. The presence of two different magnetic phases provides evidence that increasing charge delocalization affects the magnetic interactions via anisotropic band hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Mazzone
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N Gauthier
- Laboratory for Scientific Developments and Novel Materials, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D T Maimone
- Laboratory for Scientific Developments and Novel Materials, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - R Yadav
- Laboratory for Scientific Developments and Novel Materials, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Bartkowiak
- Laboratory for Scientific Developments and Novel Materials, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J L Gavilano
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Raymond
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, MEM, MDN, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - V Pomjakushin
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - N Casati
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Z Revay
- Technische Universität München, Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - G Lapertot
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG, PHELIQS, IMAPEC, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - R Sibille
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - M Kenzelmann
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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8
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Seiro S, Jiao L, Kirchner S, Hartmann S, Friedemann S, Krellner C, Geibel C, Si Q, Steglich F, Wirth S. Evolution of the Kondo lattice and non-Fermi liquid excitations in a heavy-fermion metal. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3324. [PMID: 30127442 PMCID: PMC6102236 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Strong electron correlations can give rise to extraordinary properties of metals with renormalized Landau quasiparticles. Near a quantum critical point, these quasiparticles can be destroyed and non-Fermi liquid behavior ensues. YbRh2Si2 is a prototypical correlated metal exhibiting the formation of quasiparticle and Kondo lattice coherence, as well as quasiparticle destruction at a field-induced quantum critical point. Here we show how, upon lowering the temperature, Kondo lattice coherence develops at zero field and finally gives way to non-Fermi liquid electronic excitations. By measuring the single-particle excitations through scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we find the Kondo lattice peak displays a non-trivial temperature dependence with a strong increase around 3.3 K. At 0.3 K and with applied magnetic field, the width of this peak is minimized in the quantum critical regime. Our results demonstrate that the lattice Kondo correlations have to be sufficiently developed before quantum criticality can set in.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Seiro
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Solid State Physics, IFW-Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Jiao
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Kirchner
- Zhejiang Institute for Modern Physics, Zhejiang University, 310027 Hangzhou, PR China
| | - S Hartmann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Friedemann
- School of Physics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, UK
| | - C Krellner
- Institute of Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Geibel
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Q Si
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - F Steglich
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - S Wirth
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
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9
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Xie N, Hu D, Yang YF. Hybridization oscillation in the one-dimensional Kondo-Heisenberg model with Kondo holes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11924. [PMID: 28931941 PMCID: PMC5607262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12240-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We use the density matrix renormalization group method to study the properties of the one-dimensional Kondo-Heisenberg model doped with Kondo holes. We find that the perturbation of the Kondo holes to the local hybridization exhibits spatial oscillation pattern and its amplitude decays exponentially with distance away from the Kondo hole sites. The hybridization oscillation is correlated with both the charge density oscillation of the conduction electrons and the oscillation in the correlation function of the Heisenberg spins. In particular, we find that the oscillation wavelength for intermediate Kondo couplings is given by the Fermi wavevector of the large Fermi surface even before it is formed. This suggests that heavy electrons responsible for the oscillation are already present in this regime and start to accumulate around the to-be-formed large Fermi surface in the Brillouin zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neng Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Danqing Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yi-Feng Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, 100190, China.
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10
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Abstract
We propose a phenomenological framework for three classes of Kondo lattice materials that incorporates the interplay between the fluctuations associated with the antiferromagnetic quantum critical point and those produced by the hybridization quantum critical point that marks the end of local moment behavior. We show that these fluctuations give rise to two distinct regions of quantum critical scaling: Hybridization fluctuations are responsible for the logarithmic scaling in the density of states of the heavy electron Kondo liquid that emerges below the coherence temperature [Formula: see text], whereas the unconventional power law scaling in the resistivity that emerges at lower temperatures below [Formula: see text] may reflect the combined effects of hybridization and antiferromagnetic quantum critical fluctuations. Our framework is supported by experimental measurements on CeCoIn5, CeRhIn5, and other heavy electron materials.
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