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Jyothis VV, Patra B, Chandra VR. Magnon bands in pyrochlore slabs with Heisenberg exchange and anisotropies. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:185801. [PMID: 38262036 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad21aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The pyrochlore lattice is a versatile venue to probe the properties of magnetically ordered states induced or perturbed by anisotropic terms like the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions or single-ion anisotropy. Several such ordered states have been investigated recently as precursors of topological magnons and the associated surface states. In parallel, there has been recent progress in growing thin films of magnetic materials with this lattice structure along high symmetry directions of the lattice. In both cases, an account of the magnetic excitations of relevant Hamiltonians for finite slabs is a necessary step in the analysis of the physics of these systems. While the analysis of bulk magnons for these systems is quite common, a direct evaluation of the magnon spectra in the slab geometry, though required, is less frequently encountered. We study here magnon bands in the slab geometry for a class of spin models on the pyrochlore lattice with Heisenberg exchange, Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and spin-ice anisotropy. For a range of model parameters, for both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange, we compute the classical ground states for different slab orientations and determine the spin wave excitations above them. We analyze the ferromagnetic splay phase, the all-in-all-out (AIAO) phase and a coplanar phase and evaluate magnon dispersions for slabs oriented perpendicular to the [111], [100] and [110] directions. For all the phases considered, depending on the slab orientation, magnon band structures can be non-reciprocal and we highlight the differences in the three orientations from this point-of-view. Finally, we present details of the surface localized magnons for all the three slab orientations in the phases we study. For the ferromagnetic splay phase and the AIAO phase we analyze surface states associated with point degeneracies or nodal lines in the bulk spectrum by computing the magnonic Berry curvature and Weyl charges or Chern numbers associated with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Jyothis
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Bibhabasu Patra
- Dolat Capital Market Pvt. Ltd 901, Peninsula Park, Veera Desai Industrial Estate, Andheri West, Mumbai 400053, India
| | - V Ravi Chandra
- School of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha 752050, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Watanabe S. Magnetic dynamics and nonreciprocal excitation in uniform hedgehog order in icosahedral 1/1 approximant crystal. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14438. [PMID: 37660091 PMCID: PMC10475090 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The hedgehog state in the icosahedral quasicrystal (QC) has attracted great interest as the theoretical discovery of topological magnetic texture in aperiodic systems. The revealed magnetic dynamics exhibits nonreciprocal excitation in the vast extent of the reciprocal lattice [Formula: see text]-energy [Formula: see text] space, whose emergence mechanism remains unresolved. Here, we analyze the dynamical as well as static structure of the hedgehog order in the 1/1 approximant crystal (AC) composed of the cubic lattice with spatial inversion symmetry. We find that the dispersion of the magnetic excitation energy exhibits nonreciprocal feature along the N-P-[Formula: see text] line in the [Formula: see text] space. The dynamical structure factor exhibits highly structured intensities where high intensities appear in the high-energy branches along the [Formula: see text]-H line and the P-[Formula: see text]-N line in the [Formula: see text] space. The nonreciprocity in the 1/1 AC and also in the QC is understood to be ascribed to inversion symmetry breaking by the hedgehog ordering. The sharp contrast on the emergence regime of nonreciprocal magnetic excitation between the QC and the 1/1 AC indicates that the emergence in the vast [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] regime in the QC is attributed to the QC lattice structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Watanabe
- Department of Basic Sciences, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan.
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Mæland K, Sudbø A. Topological Superconductivity Mediated by Skyrmionic Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:156002. [PMID: 37115864 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.156002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Topological superconductors are associated with the appearance of Majorana bound states, with promising applications in topologically protected quantum computing. In this Letter, we study a system where a skyrmion crystal is interfaced with a normal metal. Through interfacial exchange coupling, spin fluctuations in the skyrmion crystal mediate an effective electron-electron interaction in the normal metal. We study superconductivity within a weak-coupling approach and solve gap equations both close to the critical temperature and at zero temperature. Special features in the effective electron-electron interaction due to the noncolinearity of the magnetic ground state yield topological superconductivity at the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Mæland
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Asle Sudbø
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Durhuus FL, Skovhus T, Olsen T. Plane wave implementation of the magnetic force theorem for magnetic exchange constants: application to bulk Fe, Co and Ni. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:105802. [PMID: 36595249 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acab4b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present a plane wave implementation of the magnetic force theorem, which provides a first principles framework for extracting exchange constants parameterizing a classical Heisenberg model description of magnetic materials. It is shown that the full microscopic exchange tensor may be expressed in terms of the static Kohn-Sham susceptibility tensor and the exchange-correlation magnetic field. This formulation allows one to define arbitrary magnetic sites localized to predefined spatial regions, hence rendering the problem of finding Heisenberg parameters independent of any orbital decomposition of the problem. The susceptibility is calculated in a plane wave basis, which allows for systematic convergence with respect to unoccupied bands and spatial representation. We then apply the method to the well-studied problem of calculating adiabatic spin wave spectra for bulk Fe, Co and Ni, finding good agreement with previous calculations. In particular, we utilize the freedom of defining magnetic sites to show that the calculated Heisenberg parameters are robust towards changes in the definition of magnetic sites. This demonstrates that the magnetic sites can be regarded as well-defined and thus asserts the relevance of the Heisenberg model description despite the itinerant nature of the magnetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik L Durhuus
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thorbjørn Skovhus
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Olsen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Watanabe S. Magnetic dynamics of hedgehog in icosahedral quasicrystal. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15514. [PMID: 36109617 PMCID: PMC9478144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Quasicrystals (QCs) possess a unique lattice structure without translational invariance, which is characterized by the rotational symmetry forbidden in periodic crystals such as the 5-fold rotation. Recent discovery of the ferromagnetic (FM) long-range order in the terbium-based QC has brought about breakthrough but the magnetic structure and dynamics remain unresolved. Here, we reveal the dynamical as well as static structure of the FM hedgehog state in the icosahedral QC. The FM hedgehog is shown to be characterized by the triple-Q state in the reciprocal-lattice [Formula: see text] space. Dynamical structure factor is shown to exhibit highly structured [Formula: see text] and energy dependences. We find a unique magnetic excitation mode along the 5-fold direction exhibiting the streak fine structure in the [Formula: see text]-energy plane, which is characteristic of the hedgehog in the icosahedral QC. Non-reciprocal magnetic excitations are shown to arise from the FM hedgehog order, which emerge in the vast extent of the [Formula: see text]-energy plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Watanabe
- Department of Basic Sciences, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 804-8550, Japan.
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Magnetic dynamics of ferromagnetic long range order in icosahedral quasicrystal. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10792. [PMID: 35750802 PMCID: PMC9232551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14796-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Quasicrystals lack translational symmetry and have unique lattice structures with rotational symmetry forbidden in periodic crystals. The electric state and physical property are far from complete understanding, which are the frontiers of modern matter physics. Recent discovery of the ferromagnetic long-range order in the rare-earth based icosahedral quasicrystal has made the breakthrough. Here, we first reveal the dynamical as well as static magnetic structure in the ferromagnetic long-range order in the terbium-based quasicrystal. The dynamical structure factor exhibits highly structured energy and wavenumber dependences beyond the crystalline-electric-field excitation. We find the presence of the magnetic excitation mode analog to magnon with unique hierarchical structure as well as the localized magnetic excitation with high degeneracy in the quasicrystal. Non-collinear and non-coplanar magnetic structure on the icosahedron is discovered to give rise to non-reciprocal magnetic excitation in the quasicrystal as well as non-reciprocal magnon in the periodic cubic 1/1 approximant. These findings afford illuminating insight into the magnetic dynamics in the broad range of the rare-earth-based quasicrystals and approximants.
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Lee JH, Ma J, Hahn SE, Cao HB, Lee M, Hong T, Lee HJ, Yeom MS, Okamoto S, Zhou HD, Matsuda M, Fishman RS. Magnetic Frustration Driven by Itinerancy in Spinel CoV 2O 4. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17129. [PMID: 29215077 PMCID: PMC5719412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17160-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized spins and itinerant electrons rarely coexist in geometrically-frustrated spinel lattices. They exhibit a complex interplay between localized spins and itinerant electrons. In this paper, we study the origin of the unusual spin structure of the spinel CoV2O4, which stands at the crossover from insulating to itinerant behavior using the first principle calculation and neutron diffraction measurement. In contrast to the expected paramagnetism, localized spins supported by enhanced exchange couplings are frustrated by the effects of delocalized electrons. This frustration produces a non-collinear spin state even without orbital orderings and may be responsible for macroscopic spin-glass behavior. Competing phases can be uncovered by external perturbations such as pressure or magnetic field, which enhances the frustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - J Ma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.,Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - S E Hahn
- Neutron Data Analysis and Visualization Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA.,Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - H B Cao
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - M Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tao Hong
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - H-J Lee
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - M S Yeom
- Department of Applied Research and Network R&D, Center for Computational Science and Engineering, Division of National Supercomputing R&D, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), 245 Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - S Okamoto
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - H D Zhou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA
| | - M Matsuda
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
| | - R S Fishman
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 37831, USA
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Crook CB, Constantin C, Ahmed T, Zhu JX, Balatsky AV, Haraldsen JT. Proximity-induced magnetism in transition-metal substituted graphene. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12322. [PMID: 26235646 PMCID: PMC4522683 DOI: 10.1038/srep12322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the interactions between two identical magnetic impurities substituted into a graphene superlattice. Using a first-principles approach, we calculate the electronic and magnetic properties for transition-metal substituted graphene systems with varying spatial separation. These calculations are compared for three different magnetic impurities, manganese, chromium, and vanadium. We determine the electronic band structure, density of states, and Millikan populations (magnetic moment) for each atom, as well as calculate the exchange parameter between the two magnetic atoms as a function of spatial separation. We find that the presence of magnetic impurities establishes a distinct magnetic moment in the graphene lattice, where the interactions are highly dependent on the spatial and magnetic characteristic between the magnetic and carbon atoms, which leads to either ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic behavior. Furthermore, through an analysis of the calculated exchange energies and partial density of states, it is determined that interactions between the magnetic atoms can be classified as an RKKY interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles B. Crook
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22802
| | - Costel Constantin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22802
| | - Towfiq Ahmed
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Jian-Xin Zhu
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Alexander V. Balatsky
- Institute for Materials Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- NORDITA, Roslagstullsbacken 23, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jason T. Haraldsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22802
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Granroth G, Hahn S. Monte Carlo simulation of the resolution volume for the SEQUOIA spectrometer. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20158303006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Zhu JX, Wen XD, Haraldsen JT, He M, Panagopoulos C, Chia EEM. Induced ferromagnetism at BiFeO3/YBa2Cu3O7 interfaces. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5368. [PMID: 24947500 PMCID: PMC4064357 DOI: 10.1038/srep05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal oxides (TMOs) exhibit many emergent phenomena ranging from high-temperature superconductivity and giant magnetoresistance to magnetism and ferroelectricity. In addition, when TMOs are interfaced with each other, new functionalities can arise, which are absent in individual components. Here, we report results from first-principles calculations on the magnetism at the BiFeO3/YBa2Cu3O7 interfaces. By comparing the total energy for various magnetic spin configurations inside BiFeO3, we are able to show that a metallic ferromagnetism is induced near the interface. We further develop an interface exchange-coupling model and place the extracted exchange coupling interaction strengths, from the first-principles calculations, into a resultant generic phase diagram. Our conclusion of interfacial ferromagnetism is confirmed by the presence of a hysteresis loop in field-dependent magnetization data. The emergence of interfacial ferromagnetism should have implications to electronic and transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Zhu
- 1] Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA [2] Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Xiao-Dong Wen
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J T Haraldsen
- 1] Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA [2] Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA [3] Department of Physics and Astronomy, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - Mi He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - C Panagopoulos
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Elbert E M Chia
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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Brinzari TV, Haraldsen JT, Chen P, Sun QC, Kim Y, Tung LC, Litvinchuk AP, Schlueter JA, Smirnov D, Manson JL, Singleton J, Musfeldt JL. Electron-phonon and magnetoelastic interactions in ferromagnetic Co[N(CN)2]2. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:047202. [PMID: 23931402 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.047202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We combined Raman and infrared vibrational spectroscopies with complementary lattice dynamics calculations and magnetization measurements to reveal the dynamic aspects of charge-lattice-spin coupling in Co[N(CN)2]2. Our work uncovers electron-phonon coupling as a magnetic field-driven avoided crossing of the low-lying Co2+ electronic excitation with two ligand phonons and a magnetoelastic effect that signals a flexible local CoN6 environment. Their simultaneous presence indicates the ease with which energy is transferred over multiple length and time scales in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- T V Brinzari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Matsuda M, Fishman RS, Hong T, Lee CH, Ushiyama T, Yanagisawa Y, Tomioka Y, Ito T. magnetic dispersion and anisotropy in multiferroic BiFeO3. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:067205. [PMID: 23006302 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.067205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have determined the full magnetic dispersion relations of multiferroic BiFeO3. In particular, two excitation gaps originating from magnetic anisotropies have been clearly observed. The direct observation of the gaps enables us to accurately determine the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction and the single ion anisotropy. The DM interaction supports a sizable magnetoelectric coupling in this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matsuda
- Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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Haraldsen JT, Fishman RS. Spin-wave dynamics of magnetic heterostructures: application to Dy/Y multilayers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2010; 22:186002. [PMID: 21393696 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/18/186002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We examine the spin-wave (SW) dynamics of Dy/Y multilayers in order to separate the contribution of the Dy-Y interface from that of bulk Dy. The SW frequencies and intensities of bulk Dy are determined analytically. When the Dy layers in a multilayer geometry are decoupled, the SW dispersion relations are discontinuous with discrete excitations. With a Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction coupling through the Y spacer, the discrete excitations become dispersive and the main SW branches split due to the multilayer geometry. Regardless of the strength of the intermediate RKKY interaction, the dispersion signature of the bulk remains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Haraldsen
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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