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Sindona A, Pisarra M, Gravina M, Vacacela Gomez C, Riccardi P, Falcone G, Plastina F. Statistics of work and orthogonality catastrophe in discrete level systems: an application to fullerene molecules and ultra-cold trapped Fermi gases. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 6:755-66. [PMID: 25977846 PMCID: PMC4419685 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.6.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The sudden introduction of a local impurity in a Fermi sea leads to an anomalous disturbance of its quantum state that represents a local quench, leaving the system out of equilibrium and giving rise to the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe. The statistics of the work done describe the energy fluctuations produced by the quench, providing an accurate and detailed insight into the fundamental physics of the process. We present here a numerical approach to the non-equilibrium work distribution, supported by applications to phenomena occurring at very diverse energy ranges. One of them is the valence electron shake-up induced by photo-ionization of a core state in a fullerene molecule. The other is the response of an ultra-cold gas of trapped fermions to an embedded two-level atom excited by a fast pulse. Working at low thermal energies, we detect the primary role played by many-particle states of the perturbed system with one or two excited fermions. We validate our approach through the comparison with some photoemission data on fullerene films and previous analytical calculations on harmonically trapped Fermi gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Sindona
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 30C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Michele Pisarra
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 30C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mario Gravina
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 30C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Cristian Vacacela Gomez
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 30C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Riccardi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 30C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Giovanni Falcone
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 30C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Francesco Plastina
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Cubo 30C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, sezione LNF, Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
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Sindona A, Goold J, Lo Gullo N, Lorenzo S, Plastina F. Orthogonality catastrophe and decoherence in a trapped-fermion environment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:165303. [PMID: 24182277 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.165303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The Fermi-edge singularity and the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe describe the universal physics which occurs when a Fermi sea is locally quenched by the sudden switching of a scattering potential, leading to a brutal disturbance of its ground state. We demonstrate that the effect can be seen in the controllable domain of ultracold trapped gases by providing an analytic description of the out-of-equilibrium response to an atomic impurity, both at zero and at finite temperature. Furthermore, we link the transient behavior of the gas to the decoherence of the impurity, and to the degree of the non-Markovian nature of its dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sindona
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy and INFN Sezione LNF-Gruppo collegato di Cosenza, Italy
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