1
|
Kanegawa S, Wu SQ, Zhou Z, Shiota Y, Nakanishi T, Yoshizawa K, Sato O. Polar Crystals Using Molecular Chirality: Pseudosymmetric Crystallization toward Polarization Switching Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38604977 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Polar compounds with switchable polarization properties are applicable in various devices such as ferroelectric memory and pyroelectric sensors. However, a strategy to prepare polar compounds has not been established. We report a rational synthesis of a polar CoGa crystal using chiral cth ligands (SS-cth and RR-cth, cth = 5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane). Both the original homo metal Co crystal and Ga crystal exhibit a centrosymmetric isostructure, where the dipole moment of metal complexes with the SS-cth ligand and those with the RR-cth ligand are canceled out. To obtain a polar compound, the Co valence tautomeric complex with SS-cth in the homo metal Co crystal is replaced with the Ga complex with SS-cth by mixing Co valence tautomeric complexes with RR-cth and Ga complexes with SS-cth. The CoGa crystal exhibits polarization switching between the pseudononpolar state at a low temperature and the polar state at a high temperature because only Co complexes exhibit changes in electric dipole moment due to metal-to-ligand charge transfer. Following the same strategy, the polarization-switchable CoZn complex was synthesized. The CoZn crystal exhibits polarization switching between the polar state at a low temperature and the pseudononpolar state at a high temperature, which is the opposite temperature dependence to that of the CoGa crystal. These results revealed that the polar crystal can be synthesized by design, using a chiral ligand. Moreover, our method allows for the control of temperature-dependent polarization changes, which contrasts with typical ferroelectric compounds, in which the polar ferroelectric phase typically occurs at low temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Shu-Qi Wu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakanishi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Su SQ, Wu SQ, Kanegawa S, Yamamoto K, Sato O. Control of electronic polarization via charge ordering and electron transfer: electronic ferroelectrics and electronic pyroelectrics. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10631-10643. [PMID: 37829034 PMCID: PMC10566498 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroelectric, pyroelectric, and piezoelectric compounds whose electric polarization properties can be controlled by external stimuli such as electric field, temperature, and pressure have various applications, including ferroelectric memory materials, sensors, and thermal energy-conversion devices. Numerous polarization switching compounds, particularly molecular ferroelectrics and pyroelectrics, have been developed. In these materials, the polarization switching usually proceeds via ion displacement and reorientation of polar molecules, which are responsible for the change in ionic polarization and orientational polarization, respectively. Recently, the development of electronic ferroelectrics, in which the mechanism of polarization change is charge ordering and electron transfer, has attracted great attention. In this article, representative examples of electronic ferroelectrics are summarized, including (TMTTF)2X (TMTTF = tetramethyl-tetrathiafulvalene, X = anion), α-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 (BEDT-TTF = bis(ethylenedithio)-tetrathiafulvalene), TTF-CA (TTF = tetrathiafulvalene, CA = p-chloranil), and [(n-C3H7)4N][FeIIIFeII(dto)3] (dto = 1,2-dithiooxalate = C2O2S2). Furthermore, polarization switching materials using directional electron transfer in nonferroelectrics, the so-called electronic pyroelectrics, such as [(Cr(SS-cth))(Co(RR-cth))(μ-dhbq)](PF6)3 (dhbq = deprotonated 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone, cth = 5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraaza-cyclotetradecane), are introduced. Future prospects are also discussed, particularly the development of new properties in polarization switching through the manipulation of electronic polarization in electronic ferroelectrics and electronic pyroelectrics by taking advantage of the inherent properties of electrons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Qun Su
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shu-Qi Wu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Physics, Okayama University of Science Okayama 700-0005 Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS, Kyushu University 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cheng F, Wu S, Zheng W, Su S, Nakanishi T, Xu W, Sadhukhan P, Sejima H, Ikenaga S, Yamamoto K, Gao K, Kanegawa S, Sato O. Macroscopic Polarization Change of Mononuclear Valence Tautomeric Cobalt Complexes Through the Use of Enantiopure Ligand. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202202161. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shuqi Wu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Wenwei Zheng
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shengqun Su
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Takumi Nakanishi
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Wenhuang Xu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Pritam Sadhukhan
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Hibiki Sejima
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Shimon Ikenaga
- Department of Physics Okayama University of Science Okayama Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamamoto
- Department of Physics Okayama University of Science Okayama Japan
| | - Kaige Gao
- College of Physical Science and Technology Yangzhou University Yangzhou Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering & IRCCS Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Manipulating electron redistribution to achieve electronic pyroelectricity in molecular [FeCo] crystals. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4836. [PMID: 34376674 PMCID: PMC8355315 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroelectricity plays a crucial role in modern sensors and energy conversion devices. However, obtaining materials with large and nearly constant pyroelectric coefficients over a wide temperature range for practical uses remains a formidable challenge. Attempting to discover a solution to this obstacle, we combined molecular design of labile electronic structure with the crystal engineering of the molecular orientation in lattice. This combination results in electronic pyroelectricity of purely molecular origin. Here, we report a polar crystal of an [FeCo] dinuclear complex exhibiting a peculiar pyroelectric behavior (a substantial sharp pyroelectric current peak and an unusual continuous pyroelectric current at higher temperatures) which is caused by a combination of Fe spin crossover (SCO) and electron transfer between the high-spin Fe ion and redox-active ligand, namely valence tautomerism (VT). As a result, temperature dependence of the pyroelectric behavior reported here is opposite from conventional ferroelectrics and originates from a transition between three distinct electronic structures. The obtained pyroelectric coefficient is comparable to that of polyvinylidene difluoride at room temperature. Pyroelectric materials exhibiting large and nearly constant pyroelectric coefficients over a wide temperature range are highly desirable. Here, the authors develop molecular [FeCo] crystals with continuous pyroelectricity, originating from a transition between three distinct electronic structures.
Collapse
|
5
|
Tian Q, Xie S. Spin Injection and Transport in Organic Materials. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:mi10090596. [PMID: 31510018 PMCID: PMC6780273 DOI: 10.3390/mi10090596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This review introduces some important spin phenomena of organic molecules and solids and their devices: Organic spin injection and transport, organic spin valves, organic magnetic field effects, organic excited ferromagnetism, organic spin currents, etc. We summarize the experimental and theoretical progress of organic spintronics in recent years and give prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Tian
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| | - Shijie Xie
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dynamic molecular crystals with switchable physical properties. Nat Chem 2018; 8:644-56. [PMID: 27325090 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials whose physical properties can be controlled by external stimuli - such as light, electric field, temperature, and pressure - has recently attracted much attention owing to their potential applications in molecular devices. There are a number of ways to alter the physical properties of crystalline materials. These include the modulation of the spin and redox states of the crystal's components, or the incorporation within the crystalline lattice of tunable molecules that exhibit stimuli-induced changes in their molecular structure. A switching behaviour can also be induced by changing the molecular orientation of the crystal's components, even in cases where the overall molecular structure is not affected. Controlling intermolecular interactions within a molecular material is also an effective tool to modulate its physical properties. This Review discusses recent advances in the development of such stimuli-responsive, switchable crystalline compounds - referred to here as dynamic molecular crystals - and suggests how different approaches can serve to prepare functional materials.
Collapse
|
7
|
Back to the Structural and Dynamical Properties of Neutral-Ionic Phase Transitions. CRYSTALS 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst7100285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
8
|
Xu WJ, Li PF, Tang YY, Zhang WX, Xiong RG, Chen XM. A Molecular Perovskite with Switchable Coordination Bonds for High-Temperature Multiaxial Ferroelectrics. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6369-6375. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Xu
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of
Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Ordered
Matter Science Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tang
- Ordered
Matter Science Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Wei-Xiong Zhang
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of
Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ren-Gen Xiong
- Ordered
Matter Science Research Center, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Chen
- MOE
Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of
Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kanegawa S, Shiota Y, Kang S, Takahashi K, Okajima H, Sakamoto A, Iwata T, Kandori H, Yoshizawa K, Sato O. Directional Electron Transfer in Crystals of [CrCo] Dinuclear Complexes Achieved by Chirality-Assisted Preparative Method. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:14170-14173. [PMID: 27775341 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The polarization switching mechanism is used in various devices such as pyroelectric sensors and memory devices. The change in polarization mostly occurs by ion displacement. The development of materials whose polarization switches via electron transfer in order to enhance operation speed is a challenge. We devised a synthetic and crystal engineering strategy that enables the selective synthesis of a [CrCo] heterometallic dinuclear complex with a polar crystal structure, wherein polarization changes stem from intramolecular charge transfer between Co and the ligand. Polarization can be modulated both by visible-light irradiation and temperature change. The introduction of chiral ligands was paramount to the successful polarization switching in the valence tautomeric compound. Mixing Cr and Co complexes with enantiopure chiral ligands resulted in the selective formation of only pseudosymmetric [CrCo] heterometallic complexes. Furthermore, the left-handed chiral ligands preferentially interacted with their right-handed counterparts, enabling molecules to form a polar crystal structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Kanegawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Soonchul Kang
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University , Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hajime Okajima
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University , 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Akira Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University , 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Iwata
- Department of Frontier Materials and OptoBioTechnology Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hideki Kandori
- Department of Frontier Materials and OptoBioTechnology Research Center, Nagoya Institute of Technology , Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Osamu Sato
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University , 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Spin polarization of excitons in organic multiferroic composites. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28656. [PMID: 27334680 PMCID: PMC4917861 DOI: 10.1038/srep28656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the discovery of room temperature magnetoelectricity in organic charge transfer complexes has reignited interest in the multiferroic field. The solution processed, large-area and low cost organic semiconductor materials offer new possibilities for the functional all organic multiferroic devices. Here we report the spin polarization of excitons and charge transfer states in organic charge transfer composites by using extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model including Coulomb interaction and spin-flip effect. With the consideration of spin polarization, we suggest a possible mechanism for the origin of excited ferromagnetism.
Collapse
|
11
|
Lunkenheimer P, Loidl A. Dielectric spectroscopy on organic charge-transfer salts. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:373001. [PMID: 26325011 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/37/373001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This topical review provides an overview of the dielectric properties of a variety of organic charge-transfer salts, based on both, data reported in literature and our own experimental results. Moreover, we discuss in detail the different processes that can contribute to the dielectric response of these materials. We concentrate on the family of the 1D (TMTTF)2 X systems and the 2D BEDT-TTF-based charge-transfer salts, which in recent years have attracted considerable interest due to their often intriguing dielectric properties. We will mainly focus on the occurrence of electronic ferroelectricity in these systems, which also includes examples of multiferroicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Lunkenheimer
- Experimental Physics V, Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|