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Keser AC, Lyanda-Geller Y, Sushkov OP. Nonlinear Quantum Electrodynamics in Dirac Materials. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:066402. [PMID: 35213194 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.066402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Classical electromagnetism is linear. However, fields can polarize the vacuum Dirac sea, causing quantum nonlinear electromagnetic phenomena, e.g., scattering and splitting of photons, that occur only in very strong fields found in neutron stars or heavy ion colliders. We show that strong nonlinearity arises in Dirac materials at much lower fields ∼1 T, allowing us to explore the nonperturbative, extremely high field limit of quantum electrodynamics in solids. We explain recent experiments in a unified framework and predict a new class of nonlinear magnetoelectric effects, including a magnetic enhancement of dielectric constant of insulators and a strong electric modulation of magnetization. We propose experiments and discuss the applications in novel materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydın Cem Keser
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yuli Lyanda-Geller
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Oleg P Sushkov
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Low-Energy Electronics Technologies, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Hayasaka H, Fuseya Y. Weak anti-localization in spin-orbit coupled lattice systems. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:16LT01. [PMID: 31910402 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab686a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The quantum correction to electrical conductivity is studied on the basis of two-dimensional Wolff Hamiltonian, which is an effective model for a spin-orbit coupled (SOC) lattice system. It is shown that weak anti-localization (WAL) arises in SOC lattices, although its mechanism and properties are different from the conventional WAL in normal metals with SOC impurities. The interband SOC effect induces the contribution from the interband singlet Cooperon, which plays a crucial role for WAL in the SOC lattice. It is also shown that there is a crossover from WAL to weak localization in SOC lattices when the Fermi energy or band gap changes. The implications of the present results to Bi-Sb alloys and PbTe under pressure are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hayasaka
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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Izaki Y, Fuseya Y. Nonperturbative Matrix Mechanics Approach to Spin-Split Landau Levels and the g Factor in Spin-Orbit Coupled Solids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:156403. [PMID: 31702292 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.156403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We propose a fully quantum approach to nonperturbatively calculate the spin-split Landau levels and g factor of various spin-orbit coupled solids based on the k·p theory in the matrix mechanics representation. The new method considers the detailed band structure and the multiband effect of spin-orbit coupling irrespective of the magnetic-field strength. We show an application of this method to PbTe, a typical Dirac electron system. Contrary to popular belief, we show that the spin-splitting parameter M, which is the ratio of the Zeeman to cyclotron energy, exhibits a remarkable magnetic-field dependence. This field dependence can rectify the existing discrepancy between experimental and theoretical results. We also show that M evaluated from the fan diagram plot is different from that determined as the ratio of the Zeeman to cyclotron energy, which also overturns common belief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Izaki
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Yuki Fuseya
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
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Schönle J, Borisov K, Klett R, Dyck D, Balestro F, Reiss G, Wernsdorfer W. Field-Tunable 0-π-Transitions in SnTe Topological Crystalline Insulator SQUIDs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1987. [PMID: 30760767 PMCID: PMC6374487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The manifestation of spin-orbit interactions, long known to dramatically affect the band structure of heavy-element compounds, governs the physics in the surging class of topological matter. A particular example is found in the new family of topological crystalline insulators. In this systems transport occurs at the surfaces and spin-momentum locking yields crystal-symmetry protected spin-polarized transport. We investigated the current-phase relation of SnTe thin films connected to superconducting electrodes to form SQUID devices. Our results demonstrate that an assisting in-plane magnetic field component can induce 0-π-transitions. We attribute these findings to giant g-factors and large spin-orbit coupling of SnTe topological crystalline insulator, which provides a new platform for investigation of the interplay between spin-orbit physics and topological transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Schönle
- Institut Néel, CNRS and University Grenoble-Alpes, 25 Rue des Martyrs, F-38042, Grenoble, France.
- Physikalisches Institut (PHI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Kiril Borisov
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76334, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
| | - Robin Klett
- Center for Spinelectronic Materials & Devices, Physics Department, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Denis Dyck
- Center for Spinelectronic Materials & Devices, Physics Department, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Franck Balestro
- Institut Néel, CNRS and University Grenoble-Alpes, 25 Rue des Martyrs, F-38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Günter Reiss
- Center for Spinelectronic Materials & Devices, Physics Department, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, D-33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Wernsdorfer
- Institut Néel, CNRS and University Grenoble-Alpes, 25 Rue des Martyrs, F-38042, Grenoble, France
- Physikalisches Institut (PHI), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1, D-76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76334, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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