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Tuan HNA, Phan BTC, Giang HN, Nguyen GT, Le TDH, Phuong H. Impact of Modifications from Potassium Hydroxide on Porous Semi-IPN Hydrogel Properties and Its Application in Cultivation. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1195. [PMID: 38732665 PMCID: PMC11085908 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study synthesized and modified a semi-interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel from polyacrylamide, N,N'-dimethylacrylamide, and maleic acid in a potassium hydroxide solution. The chemical composition, interior morphology, thermal properties, mechanical characteristics, and swelling behaviors of the initial hydrogel (SH) and modified hydrogel (SB) in water, salt solutions, and buffer solutions were investigated. Hydrogels were used as phosphate fertilizer (PF) carriers and applied in farming techniques by evaluating their impact on soil properties and the growth of mustard greens. Fourier-transform infrared spectra confirmed the chemical composition of SH, SB, and PF-adsorbed hydrogels. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed that modification increased the largest pore size from 817 to 1513 µm for SH and SB hydrogels, respectively. After modification, the hydrogels had positive changes in the swelling ratio, swelling kinetics, thermal properties, mechanical and rheological properties, PF absorption, and PF release. The modification also increased the maximum amount of PF loaded into the hydrogel from 710.8 mg/g to 770.9 mg/g, while the maximum % release of PF slightly increased from 84.42% to 85.80%. In addition, to evaluate the PF release mechanism and the factors that influence this process, four kinetic models were applied to confirm the best-fit model, which included zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas. In addition, after six cycles of absorption and release in the soil, the hydrogels retained their original shapes, causing no alkalinization or acidification. At the same time, the moisture content was higher as SB was used. Finally, modifying the hydrogel increased the mustard greens' lifespan from 20 to 32 days. These results showed the potential applications of modified semi-IPN hydrogel materials in cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huynh Nguyen Anh Tuan
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, No. 1, Vo Van Ngan Street, Linh Chieu Ward, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam; (B.T.C.P.); (G.T.N.); (T.D.H.L.); (H.P.)
| | - Bui Thi Cam Phan
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, No. 1, Vo Van Ngan Street, Linh Chieu Ward, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam; (B.T.C.P.); (G.T.N.); (T.D.H.L.); (H.P.)
| | - Ha Ngoc Giang
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Industry and Trade, No. 140, Le Trong Tan Street, Tay Thanh Ward, Tan Phu District, Ho Chi Minh City 72009, Vietnam;
| | - Giang Tien Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, No. 1, Vo Van Ngan Street, Linh Chieu Ward, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam; (B.T.C.P.); (G.T.N.); (T.D.H.L.); (H.P.)
| | - Thi Duy Hanh Le
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, No. 1, Vo Van Ngan Street, Linh Chieu Ward, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam; (B.T.C.P.); (G.T.N.); (T.D.H.L.); (H.P.)
| | - Ho Phuong
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, No. 1, Vo Van Ngan Street, Linh Chieu Ward, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City 71307, Vietnam; (B.T.C.P.); (G.T.N.); (T.D.H.L.); (H.P.)
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Weak Polyelectrolytes as Nanoarchitectonic Design Tools for Functional Materials: A Review of Recent Achievements. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103263. [PMID: 35630741 PMCID: PMC9145934 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The ionization degree, charge density, and conformation of weak polyelectrolytes can be adjusted through adjusting the pH and ionic strength stimuli. Such polymers thus offer a range of reversible interactions, including electrostatic complexation, H-bonding, and hydrophobic interactions, which position weak polyelectrolytes as key nano-units for the design of dynamic systems with precise structures, compositions, and responses to stimuli. The purpose of this review article is to discuss recent examples of nanoarchitectonic systems and applications that use weak polyelectrolytes as smart components. Surface platforms (electrodeposited films, brushes), multilayers (coatings and capsules), processed polyelectrolyte complexes (gels and membranes), and pharmaceutical vectors from both synthetic or natural-type weak polyelectrolytes are discussed. Finally, the increasing significance of block copolymers with weak polyion blocks is discussed with respect to the design of nanovectors by micellization and film/membrane nanopatterning via phase separation.
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Probing fibronectin adsorption on chemically defined surfaces by means of single molecule force microscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15662. [PMID: 32973270 PMCID: PMC7518417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72617-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atomic force microscope (AFM) based single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) and a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) were respectively employed to probe interfacial characteristics of fibronectin fragment FNIII8–14 and full-length fibronectin (FN) on CH3–, OH–, COOH–, and NH2-terminated alkane-thiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). Force-distance curves acquired between hexahistidine-tagged FNIII8–14 immobilised on trisNTA-Ni2+ functionalized AFM cantilevers and the OH and COOH SAM surfaces were predominantly ‘loop-like’ (76% and 94% respectively), suggesting domain unfolding and preference for ‘end-on’ oriented binding, while those generated with NH2 and CH3 SAMs were largely ‘mixed type’ (81% and 86%, respectively) commensurate with unravelling and desorption, and ‘side-on’ binding. Time-dependent binding of FN to SAM-coated QCM crystals occurred in at least two phases: initial rapid coverage over the first 5 min; and variably diminishing adsorption thereafter (5–70 min). Loading profiles and the final hydrated surface concentrations reached (~ 950, ~ 1200, ~ 1400, ~ 1500 ng cm−2 for CH3, OH, COOH and NH2 SAMs) were consistent with: space-filling ‘side-on’ orientation and unfolding on CH3 SAM; greater numbers of FN molecules arranged ‘end-on’ on OH and especially COOH SAMs; and initial ‘side-on’ contact, followed by either (1) gradual tilting to a space-saving ‘end-on’ configuration, or (2) bi-/multi-layer adsorption on NH2 SAM.
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Sudre G, Hourdet D, Cousin F, Creton C, Tran Y. Structure of surfaces and interfaces of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) hydrogels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:12282-12287. [PMID: 22823739 DOI: 10.1021/la301417x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the surface structure of hydrogels of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) hydrogels synthesized and cross-linked simultaneously by redox free radical polymerization. We demonstrate the existence of a less cross-linked layer at the surface of the gel at least at two different length scales characterized by shear rheology and by neutron reflectivity, suggesting the existence of a gradient in cross-linking. The composition of the layer is shown to depend on the degree of hydrophobicity of the mold surface and is weaker for more hydrophobic molds. While the macroscopic tests proved the existence of a relatively thick under-cross-linked layer, we also demonstrated by neutron reflectivity that the gel surface at the submicrometric scale (500 nm) was also affected by the surface treatment of the mold. These results should have important implications for the measurement of macroscopic surface properties of these hydrogels such as friction or adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Sudre
- Laboratoire de Sciences et Ingénierie de la Matière Molle, UMR 7615 CNRS/UPMC/ESPCI ParisTech, Paris, France
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Burgos P, Zhang Z, Golestanian R, Leggett GJ, Geoghegan M. Directed single molecule diffusion triggered by surface energy gradients. ACS NANO 2009; 3:3235-3243. [PMID: 19775124 DOI: 10.1021/nn900991r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the diffusion of single poly(ethylene glycol) molecules on surfaces which change from hydrophilic to hydrophobic over a few micrometers. These gradients in surface energy are shown to drive the molecular diffusion in the direction of the hydrophilic component. The polymer diffusion coefficients on these surfaces are measured by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and are shown to be elevated by more than an order of magnitude compared to surfaces without the surface energy gradient. Along the gradient, the diffusion is asymmetric, with diffusion coefficients approximately 100 times greater in the direction of the gradient than orthogonal to it. This diffusion can be explained by a Stokes-Einstein treatment of the surface-adsorbed polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Burgos
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK
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Guilherme MR, Moia TA, Reis AV, Paulino AT, Rubira AF, Mattoso LHC, Muniz EC, Tambourgi EB. Synthesis and Water Absorption Transport Mechanism of a pH-Sensitive Polymer Network Structured on Vinyl-Functionalized Pectin. Biomacromolecules 2008; 10:190-6. [DOI: 10.1021/bm801250p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos R. Guilherme
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Thais A. Moia
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Adriano V. Reis
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre T. Paulino
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Adley F. Rubira
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz H. C. Mattoso
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Edvani C. Muniz
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Elias B. Tambourgi
- Departamento de Sistemas Químicos e Informática DESQ, Faculdade de Engenharia Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Zeferino Vaz 13081-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil, Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Maringá − Paraná, Brazil, and Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia para o Agronegócio, Embrapa Instrumentação Agropecuária, CP 741, 13560-970, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
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