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Cao Z, Guo J, Jia J, Zhang Z, Yin Y, Yang M, Yang S. In situ self-boosting catalytic synthesizing free-standing N, S rich transition metal sulfide/hierarchical CNF-CNT architectures enable high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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2
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Rubtsov NM, Chernysh VI, Tsvetkov GI, Ya. Troshin K, Shamshin IO. The features of ignition of hydrogen–methane and hydrogen–isobutene mixtures with oxygen over Rh and Pd at low pressures. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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Zambrzycki M, Fraczek-Szczypta A. Study on the synthesis and properties of hierarchically structured electrospun/vapour-grown carbon nanofibres nanocomposites. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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4
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Alali KT, Liu J, Liu Q, Li R, Aljebawi K, Wang J. Grown Carbon Nanotubes on Electrospun Carbon Nanofibers as a 3D Carbon Nanomaterial for High Energy Storage Performance. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201803828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Tawfik Alali
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China
- Department of Materials Engineering ScienceFaculty of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Aleppo Aleppo City12212 Syria
| | - Jingyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China
| | - Qi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China
| | - Rumin Li
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China
| | - Kassem Aljebawi
- Department of Materials Engineering ScienceFaculty of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Aleppo Aleppo City12212 Syria
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Superlight Material and Surface TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China
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5
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Hu R, Gao E, Xu Z, Liu L, Wang G, Zhu H, Zhang Z. Hierarchical‐structure‐dependent high ductility of electrospun polyoxymethylene nanofibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.47086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Enlai Gao
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering MechanicsTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Luqi Liu
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Guorui Wang
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Science Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical FabricationNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China
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6
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Ye T, Durkin DP, Hu M, Wang X, Banek NA, Wagner MJ, Shuai D. Enhancement of Nitrite Reduction Kinetics on Electrospun Pd-Carbon Nanomaterial Catalysts for Water Purification. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:17739-17744. [PMID: 27387354 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile synthesis method for carbon nanofiber (CNF) supported Pd catalysts via one-pot electrospinning and their application for nitrite hydrogenation. A mixture of Pd acetylacetonate (Pd(acac)2), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and nonfunctionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was electrospun and thermally treated to produce Pd/CNF-MWCNT catalysts. The addition of MWCNTs with a mass loading of 1.0-2.5 wt % (to PAN) significantly improved nitrite reduction activity compared to the catalyst without MWCNT addition. The results of CO chemisorption confirmed that the addition of MWCNTs increased Pd exposure on CNFs and hence improved catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - David P Durkin
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maocong Hu
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Xianqin Wang
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology , Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Nathan A Banek
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Michael J Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Danmeng Shuai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
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7
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Tang S, Li Y, Liu WK, Huang XX. Surface Ripples of Polymeric Nanofibers under Tension: The Crucial Role of Poisson’s Ratio. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma5012599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tang
- Department
of Engineering Mechanics, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, 400017
| | - Ying Li
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
| | - Wing Kam Liu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States
- Distinguished
Scientists Program Committee, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiao Xu Huang
- College
of Material Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, 400017
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8
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Hintsho N, Shaikjee A, Masenda H, Naidoo D, Billing D, Franklyn P, Durbach S. Direct synthesis of carbon nanofibers from South African coal fly ash. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:387. [PMID: 25177215 PMCID: PMC4148493 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs), cylindrical nanostructures containing graphene, were synthesized directly from South African fly ash (a waste product formed during the combustion of coal). The CNFs (as well as other carbonaceous materials like carbon nanotubes (CNTs)) were produced by the catalytic chemical vapour deposition method (CCVD) in the presence of acetylene gas at temperatures ranging from 400°C to 700°C. The fly ash and its carbonaceous products were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), laser Raman spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area measurements. It was observed that as-received fly ash was capable of producing CNFs in high yield by CCVD, starting at a relatively low temperature of 400°C. Laser Raman spectra and TGA thermograms showed that the carbonaceous products which formed were mostly disordered. Small bundles of CNTs and CNFs observed by TEM and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the catalyst most likely responsible for CNF formation was iron in the form of cementite; X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Mössbauer spectroscopy confirmed these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomso Hintsho
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Ahmed Shaikjee
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Hilary Masenda
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Deena Naidoo
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- School of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Dave Billing
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Paul Franklyn
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Shane Durbach
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Private Bag 3, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
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9
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Guo Q, Zhao D, Liu S, Chen S, Hanif M, Hou H. Free-standing nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes at electrospun carbon nanofibers composite as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Liu J, Bauer AJP, Li B. Solvent vapor annealing: an efficient approach for inscribing secondary nanostructures onto electrospun fibers. Macromol Rapid Commun 2014; 35:1503-8. [PMID: 25042883 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Solvent vapor annealing (SVA) is originally developed to attain equilibrium nanostructures from microphase-separated block polymer thin films. Interestingly, by carefully choosing a solvent vapor that can selectively mobilize the amorphous chains of a semicrystalline polymer while preserving the integrity of its crystalline structure, this study demonstrates that the SVA method can also be utilized to introduce hierarchical structures onto semicrystalline polymer-based materials. This study on electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibers clearly shows that acetone, a poor solvent for PCL, can effectively delocalize the amorphous chains and redeposit them onto the pre-existing crystal edges, giving rise to secondary nanostructures inscribed onto the PCL fibers. In the past decade, various fiber fabrication methods and numerous fiber products are reported. The easy one-step approach reported here provides new insight into the design and fabrication of structurally hierarchical polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Science of Advanced Materials Doctoral Program, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA
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11
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A composite made from palladium nanoparticles and carbon nanofibers for superior electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid. Mikrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-014-1159-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Zhou Z, Wu XF, Hou H. Electrospun carbon nanofibers surface-grown with carbon nanotubes and polyaniline for use as high-performance electrode materials of supercapacitors. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis and electrochemical performance of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) surface-grown with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) films, i.e., PANI/CNT/CNF, for use as a high-performance electrode material of pseudosupercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengping Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- North Dakota State University
- Fargo, USA
| | - Xiang-Fa Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- North Dakota State University
- Fargo, USA
| | - Haoqing Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangxi Normal University
- Nanchang, China
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13
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14
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Jang YJ, Jang YH, Steinhart M, Kim DH. Carbon/metal nanotubes with tailored order and configuration by direct carbonization of inverse block copolymer micelles inside nanoporous alumina. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:507-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15597k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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El Mel AA, Achour A, Xu W, Choi CH, Gautron E, Angleraud B, Granier A, Le Brizoual L, Djouadi MA, Tessier PY. Hierarchical carbon nanostructure design: ultra-long carbon nanofibers decorated with carbon nanotubes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:435302. [PMID: 21971265 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/43/435302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical carbon nanostructures based on ultra-long carbon nanofibers (CNF) decorated with carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been prepared using plasma processes. The nickel/carbon composite nanofibers, used as a support for the growth of CNT, were deposited on nanopatterned silicon substrate by a hybrid plasma process, combining magnetron sputtering and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of spherical nanoparticles randomly dispersed within the carbon nanofibers. The nickel nanoparticles have been used as a catalyst to initiate the growth of CNT by PECVD at 600°C. After the growth of CNT onto the ultra-long CNF, SEM imaging revealed the formation of hierarchical carbon nanostructures which consist of CNF sheathed with CNTs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that reducing the growth temperature of CNT to less than 500°C leads to the formation of carbon nanowalls on the CNF instead of CNT. This simple fabrication method allows an easy preparation of hierarchical carbon nanostructures over a large surface area, as well as a simple manipulation of such material in order to integrate it into nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A El Mel
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, UMR 6502, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
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16
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Magnetic polyacrylonitrile-Fe@FeO nanocomposite fibers - Electrospinning, stabilization and carbonization. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Lu CH, Chang FC. Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane-Encapsulating Amorphous Palladium Nanoclusters as Catalysts for Heck Reactions. ACS Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/cs200106s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng-Chih Chang
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 30010 Hsinchu, Taiwan
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18
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Mehdipour H, Ostrikov K, Rider AE. Low- and high-temperature controls in carbon nanofiber growth in reactive plasmas. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:455605. [PMID: 20947941 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/45/455605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A numerical growth model is used to describe the catalyzed growth of carbon nanofibers in the sheath of a low-temperature plasma. Using the model, the effects of variation in the plasma sheath parameters and substrate potential on the carbon nanofiber growth characteristics, such as the growth rate, the effective carbon flux to the catalyst surface, and surface coverages, have been investigated. It is shown that variations in the parameters, which change the sheath width, mainly affect the growth parameters at the low catalyst temperatures, whereas the other parameters such as the gas pressure, ion temperature, and percentages of the hydrocarbon and etching gases, strongly affect the carbon nanofiber growth at higher temperatures. The conditions under which the carbon nanofiber growth can still proceed under low nanodevice-friendly process temperatures have been formulated and summarized. These results are consistent with the available experimental results and can also be used for catalyzed growth of other high-aspect-ratio nanostructures in low-temperature plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Mehdipour
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Agarwal S, Wendorff JH, Greiner A. Chemistry on Electrospun Polymeric Nanofibers: Merely Routine Chemistry or a Real Challenge? Macromol Rapid Commun 2010; 31:1317-31. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Mushrif SH, Rey AD, Peslherbe GH. Towards understanding palladium doping of carbon supports: a first-principles molecular dynamics investigation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm01304h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Si[sub 6]H[sub 12]/Polymer Inks for Electrospinning a-Si Nanowire Lithium Ion Battery Anodes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1149/1.3466994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Nonenzymatic glucose sensor based on renewable electrospun Ni nanoparticle-loaded carbon nanofiber paste electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:3329-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Zhou Z, Lai C, Zhang L, Qian Y, Hou H, Reneker DH, Fong H. Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties. POLYMER 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2009.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Ji L, Jung KH, Medford AJ, Zhang X. Electrospun polyacrylonitrile fibers with dispersed Si nanoparticles and their electrochemical behaviors after carbonization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b903165k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Wu XF, Kostogorova-Beller YY, Goponenko AV, Hou H, Dzenis YA. Rippling of polymer nanofibers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:061804. [PMID: 19256861 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.061804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This paper studies the evolution mechanism of surface rippling in polymer nanofibers under axial stretching. This rippling phenomenon has been detected in as-electrospun polyacrylonitrile in recent single-fiber tension tests, and in electrospun polyimide nanofibers after imidization. We herein propose a one-dimensional nonlinear elastic model that takes into account the combined effect of surface tension and nonlinear elasticity during the rippling initiation and its evolution in compliant polymer nanofibers. The polymer nanofiber is modeled as an incompressible, isotropically hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin solid. The fiber geometry prior to rippling is considered as a long circular cylinder. The governing equation of surface rippling is established through linear perturbation of the static equilibrium state of the nanofiber subjected to finite axial prestretching. The critical stretch and ripple wavelength are determined in terms of surface tension, elastic property, and fiber radius. Numerical examples are demonstrated to examine these dependencies. In addition, a critical fiber radius is determined, below which the polymer nanofibers are intrinsically unstable. The present model, therefore, is capable of predicting the rippling condition in compliant nanofibers, and can be further used as a continuum mechanics approach for the study of surface instability and nonlinear wave propagation in compliant fibers and wires at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Fa Wu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588-0526, USA.
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26
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Luais E, Boujtita M, Gohier A, Tailleur A, Casimirius S, Djouadi MA, Granier A, Tessier PY. Integration of a carbon nanotube based electrode in silicon microtechnology to fabricate electrochemical transducers. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 19:435502. [PMID: 21832696 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/19/43/435502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An original approach was developed and validated for the fabrication of a carbon nanotube (CNT) electrode synthesized directly onto a carbon buffer thin film deposited on a highly doped monocrystalline silicon surface. The buffer layer of amorphous carbon thin film was deposited by physical vapour deposition on the silicon substrate before CNT synthesis. For this purpose, nickel was deposited on the carbon buffer layer by an electrochemical procedure and used as a catalyst for the CNT growth. The CNT synthesis was achieved by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma chamber using a C(2)H(2)/NH(3) gas mixture. In order to evaluate the electrochemical behaviour of the CNT-based electrode, the carbon layer and the silicon/carbon interface were studied. The resulting buffer layer enhanced the electronic transport from the doped silicon to the CNTs. The electrode surface was studied by XPS and characterized by both SEM and TEM. The electrochemical response exhibited by the resulting electrodes modified with CNTs was also examined by cyclic voltammetry. The whole process was found to be compatible with silicon microtechnology and could be envisaged for the direct integration of microsensors on silicon chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Luais
- Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, IMN, Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France. CEISAM, Université de Nantes, CNRS, 2 rue de la Houssinière, BP 32229, 44322 Nantes cedex 3, France
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27
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Novel Pd-carrying composite carbon nanofibers based on polyacrylonitrile as a catalyst for Sonogashira coupling reaction. CATAL COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2008.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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