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Yan C, Tang Z, Wang L, Piao Z, Wang H, Zhang Y. Covalently Linking Reduced Graphene Oxide Facilitated Electrodeposition of MoS 2 on Silicon Pyramidal Photocathode To Enhance Hydrogen Evolution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:12427-12436. [PMID: 38804701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production owing to the utilization of sustainable solar energy and its promising performance. Silicon-based composites are generally considered ideal materials for PEC hydrogen production. However, slow reaction kinetics and poor stability are still key factors hindering the development of silicon-based photoelectrocatalysts. Herein, we present an n+-p Si pyramidal photocathode assembly method to load reduced graphene oxide (rGO) onto the surface of the n+-p Si pyramid by covalently linking (Si/rGO). rGO is utilized as a conductive layer to reduce the interfacial charge-transfer resistance. Then, MoS2 can be successfully electrodeposited on the surface of Si/rGO to form the Si/rGO/MoS2 composite, which possesses excellent PEC hydrogen evolution performance with a high and stable photocurrent of -41.6 mA cm-2 and a hydrogen evolution rate of about 18.1 μmol min-1 cm-2 under 0 V (vs RHE). The covalently linking rGO layer effectively enhances the transfer of photogenerated carriers between the Si substrate and MoS2. MoS2 provides abundant hydrogen evolution active sites, which accelerate the surface reaction kinetics, as well as a protective layer for the Si pyramidal array structure. This work provides a low-cost, convenient, and efficient way of preparing silicon-based photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Zhe Piao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Honggui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
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Staišiūnas L, Kalinauskas P, Juzeliūnas E, Grigucevičienė A, Leinartas K, Niaura G, Stanionytė S, Selskis A. Silicon Passivation by Ultrathin Hafnium Oxide Layer for Photoelectrochemical Applications. Front Chem 2022; 10:859023. [PMID: 35402375 PMCID: PMC8990804 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.859023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hafnium oxide (HfO2) films on silicon have the potential for application in photovoltaic devices. However, very little is known about the photoelectrochemical and protective properties of HfO2 films on Si. In this study, ultrathin films of HfO2 in the range of 15–70 nm were deposited on p-Si and Au substrates by atomic layer deposition (ALD). Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD) identified the amorphous structure of the layers. Quartz crystal nanogravimetry (QCN) with Si and Au substrates indicated dynamics of electrolyte intake into the oxide film. No indications of oxide dissolution have been observed in acid (pH 3) and alkaline (pH 12) electrolytes. Mott–Schottky plots showed that the dark Si surface adjacent to the SiHfO2 interface is positively charged in an acid electrolyte and negatively charged in an alkaline electrolyte. The number of photoelectrons was determined to be much greater than the doping level of silicon. The cathodic photoactivity of the p-Si electrode protected by HfO2 films was studied with respect to the reaction of hydrogen reduction in acid and alkaline solutions. In acid solution, the film enhanced the reduction process when compared to that on the coating free electrode. The acceleration effect was explained in terms of prevention of silicon oxide formation, whose passivating capability is higher than that of hafnia films. In an alkaline electrolyte, an inhibition effect of the film was determined. Hafnia films protected Si from corrosion in this medium; however, at the same time, the film reduced electrode activity.
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Lu L, Tan R, Chen D, Tong Y, Yan X, Gong M, Wu JZ. Surface plasmon assisted laser ablation of stainless steel. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:305401. [PMID: 30970328 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal Au nanoparticles (NPs) were decorated on stainless steel for surface plasmon enhanced laser ablation. A comparative study of the laser ablation efficiency was carried out on stainless steel samples with and without the Au NPs decoration at a variable pulsed laser fluence and laser pulse number. Higher ablation efficiency was clearly demonstrated in the former as illustrated from the larger diameter, maximum depth and the cross-sectional area of the crater generated by the laser ablation under the same conditions. Additionally, both the maximum depth and efficiency enhancement were found to depend on the laser fluence and pulse number. The maximum enhanced ablation efficiency of 36% based on the cross-sectional area of the crater was obtained at 1 pulse number of laser fluence 1.53 J cm-2. The efficiency enhancement of laser ablation is attributed to the highly enhanced surface plasmon field at the interface between Au NPs and stainless steel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China. Department of physics and Astronomy, The University of Kansas, Lawrence 66044, United States of America
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Kargar A, Cheung JS, Liu CH, Kim TK, Riley CT, Shen S, Liu Z, Sirbuly DJ, Wang D, Jin S. NiO(x)-Fe2O3-coated p-Si photocathodes for enhanced solar water splitting in neutral pH water. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:4900-4905. [PMID: 25712435 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr07074g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report successful growth of a uniform and scalable nanocomposite film of Fe2O3 nanorods (NRs) and NiOx nanoparticles (NPs), their properties and application for enhanced solar water reduction in neutral pH water on the surface of p-Si photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Kargar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Kast MG, Enman LJ, Gurnon NJ, Nadarajah A, Boettcher SW. Solution-deposited F:SnO₂/TiO₂ as a base-stable protective layer and antireflective coating for microtextured buried-junction H₂-evolving Si photocathodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:22830-22837. [PMID: 25469622 DOI: 10.1021/am506999p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Protecting Si photocathodes from corrosion is important for developing tandem water-splitting devices operating in basic media. We show that textured commercial Si-pn(+) photovoltaics protected by solution-processed semiconducting/conducting oxides (plausibly suitable for scalable manufacturing) and coupled to thin layers of Ir yield high-performance H2-evolving photocathodes in base. They also serve as excellent test structures to understand corrosion mechanisms and optimize interfacial electrical contacts between various functional layers. Solution-deposited TiO2 protects Si-pn(+) junctions from corrosion for ∼24 h in base, whereas junctions protected by F:SnO2 fail after only 1 h of electrochemical cycling. Interface layers consisting of Ti metal and/or the highly doped F:SnO2 between the Si and TiO2 reduce Si-emitter/oxide/catalyst contact resistance and thus increase fill factor and efficiency. Controlling the oxide thickness led to record photocurrents near 35 mA cm(-2) at 0 V vs RHE and photocathode efficiencies up to 10.9% in the best cells. Degradation, however, was not completely suppressed. We demonstrate that performance degrades by two mechanisms, (1) deposition of impurities onto the thin catalyst layers, even from high-purity base, and (2) catastrophic failure via pinholes in the oxide layers after several days of operation. These results provide insight into the design of hydrogen-evolving photoelectrodes in basic conditions, and highlight challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Kast
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon 97403, United States
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Sun K, Shen S, Liang Y, Burrows PE, Mao SS, Wang D. Enabling Silicon for Solar-Fuel Production. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8662-719. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300459q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International
Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Lab of Multiphase
Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an,
Shaanxi 710049, China
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yongqi Liang
- Department
of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Center, Umeå University, Linnaeus
väg, 6 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul E. Burrows
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Samuel Mao Institute of New Energy, Science Hall, 1003 Shangbu Road, Shenzhen, 518031, China
| | - Samuel S. Mao
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Samuel Mao Institute of New Energy, Science Hall, 1003 Shangbu Road, Shenzhen, 518031, China
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Sun K, Shen S, Cheung JS, Pang X, Park N, Zhou J, Hu Y, Sun Z, Noh SY, Riley CT, Yu PKL, Jin S, Wang D. Si photoanode protected by a metal modified ITO layer with ultrathin NiOx for solar water oxidation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:4612-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an ultrathin NiOx catalyzed Si np+ junction photoanode for a stable and efficient solar driven oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy
- State Key Lab of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an, China
| | - Justin S. Cheung
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Xiaolu Pang
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083, China
| | - Namseok Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | | | | | - Zhelin Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Sun Young Noh
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Conor T. Riley
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Paul K. L. Yu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Sungho Jin
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
| | - Deli Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
- University of California
- La Jolla, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
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Sun K, Pang X, Shen S, Qian X, Cheung JS, Wang D. Metal oxide composite enabled nanotextured Si photoanode for efficient solar driven water oxidation. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:2064-2072. [PMID: 23574499 DOI: 10.1021/nl400343a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present a study of a transition metal oxide composite modified n-Si photoanode for efficient and stable water oxidation. This sputter-coated composite functions as a protective coating to prevent Si from photodecomposition, a Schottky heterojunction, a hole conducting layer for efficient charge separation and transportation, and an electrocatalyst to reduce the reaction overpotential. The formation of mixed-valence oxides composed of Ni and Ru effectively modifies the optical, electrical, and catalytic properties of the coating material, as well as the interfaces with Si. The successful application of this oxide composite on nanotextured Si demonstrates improved conversion efficiency due to enhanced catalytic activity, minimized reflection, and increased surface reaction sites. Although the coated nanotextured Si shows a noticeable degradation from 500 cycles of operation, the oxide composite provides a simple method to enable unstable photoanode materials for solar fuel conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Osterloh FE. Inorganic nanostructures for photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic water splitting. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:2294-320. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35266d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1658] [Impact Index Per Article: 150.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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