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Jenifer K, Parthiban S. Robust ZTO-reinforced Ag nanowire hybrid transparent conductive thin films with absorption-enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding property. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:305202. [PMID: 38593761 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3c49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Technological advances have accelerated the pursuit of transparent conducting thin films (TCFs) with superior mechanical properties, durability, efficient optoelectrical performance and substrate compatibility as a pivotal focus in the realm of flexible transparent electronics. Against this background, this work investigates the fabrication of multilayer silver nanowire (AgNW) thin films reinforced by zinc tin oxide (ZTO) thin film encapsulation on polycarbonate substrates by a combination of sputtering and spin-coating techniques. An investigation of the influence of AgNW percolation networks on the optoelectrical properties of ZTO/AgNW/ZTO hybrid thin films was carried out. The impact of ZTO protective layers on the enhancement of electrical properties, adhesivity, flexibility and environmental stability of the multilayer TCF was elucidated. Additionally, to explore the compatibility of the fabricated TCF in integrated device and stealth applications, its electromagnetic interference shielding properties were investigated. The hybrid TCF showed 99.47% EMI shielding efficiency with an absorption-dominant EMI shielding effectiveness of 22.7 dB in the x-band region.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Jenifer
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 614004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Parthiban
- Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory, PSG Institute of Advanced Studies, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 614004, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of physics, Centre for Research and Development, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, 641407, Tamil Nadu, India
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2
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Vidakis N, Petousis M, Mangelis P, Maravelakis E, Mountakis N, Papadakis V, Neonaki M, Thomadaki G. Thermomechanical Response of Polycarbonate/Aluminum Nitride Nanocomposites in Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8806. [PMID: 36556610 PMCID: PMC9782598 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Polycarbonate-based nanocomposites were developed herein through a material extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing (AM) process. The fabrication of the final nanocomposite specimens was achieved by implementing the fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing process. The impact of aluminum nitride (AlN) nanoparticles on the thermal and mechanical behavior of the polycarbonate (PC) matrix was investigated thoroughly for the fabricated nanocomposites, carrying out a range of thermomechanical tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) provided information about the morphological and surface characteristics of the produced specimens. Using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), the elemental composition of the nanocomposite materials was validated. Raman spectroscopy revealed no chemical interactions between the two material phases. The results showed the reinforcement of most mechanical properties with the addition of the AlN nanoparticles. The nanocomposite with 2 wt.% filler concentration exhibited the best mechanical performance overall, with the highest improvements observed for the tensile strength and toughness of the fabricated specimens, with a percentage of 32.8% and 51.6%, respectively, compared with the pure polymer. The successful AM of PC/AlN nanocomposites with the MEX process is a new paradigm, which expands 3D printing technology and opens a new route for the development of nanocomposite materials with multifunctional properties for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nectarios Vidakis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Markos Petousis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Mangelis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), 73133 Chania, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Maravelakis
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University (HMU), 73133 Chania, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Mountakis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Vassilis Papadakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Maria Neonaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgia Thomadaki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece
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3
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Negm A, Howlader MMR, Belyakov I, Bakr M, Ali S, Irannejad M, Yavuz M. Materials Perspectives of Integrated Plasmonic Biosensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7289. [PMID: 36295354 PMCID: PMC9611134 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
With the growing need for portable, compact, low-cost, and efficient biosensors, plasmonic materials hold the promise to meet this need owing to their label-free sensitivity and deep light-matter interaction that can go beyond the diffraction limit of light. In this review, we shed light on the main physical aspects of plasmonic interactions, highlight mainstream and future plasmonic materials including their merits and shortcomings, describe the backbone substrates for building plasmonic biosensors, and conclude with a brief discussion of the factors affecting plasmonic biosensing mechanisms. To do so, we first observe that 2D materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides play a major role in enhancing the sensitivity of nanoparticle-based plasmonic biosensors. Then, we identify that titanium nitride is a promising candidate for integrated applications with performance comparable to that of gold. Our study highlights the emerging role of polymer substrates in the design of future wearable and point-of-care devices. Finally, we summarize some technical and economic challenges that should be addressed for the mass adoption of plasmonic biosensors. We believe this review will be a guide in advancing the implementation of plasmonics-based integrated biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Negm
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Matiar M. R. Howlader
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Ilya Belyakov
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mohamed Bakr
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Shirook Ali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Technology, Sheridan College, Brampton, ON L6Y 5H9, Canada
| | | | - Mustafa Yavuz
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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4
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Yang Y, Duan S, Zhao H. Advances in constructing silver nanowire-based conductive pathways for flexible and stretchable electronics. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11484-11511. [PMID: 35912705 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02475f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With their soaring technological demand, flexible and stretchable electronics have attracted many researchers' attention for a variety of applications. The challenge which was identified a decade ago and still remains, however, is that the conventional electrodes based on indium tin oxide (ITO) are not suitable for ultra-flexible electronic devices. The main reason is that ITO is brittle and expensive, limiting device performance and application. Thus, it is crucial to develop new materials and processes to construct flexible and stretchable electrodes with superior quality for next-generation soft devices. Herein, various types of conductive nanomaterials as candidates for flexible and stretchable electrodes are briefly reviewed. Among them, silver nanowire (AgNW) is selected as the focus of this review, on account of its excellent conductivity, superior flexibility, high technological maturity, and significant presence in the research community. To fabricate a reliable AgNW-based conductive network for electrodes, different processing technologies are introduced, and the corresponding characteristics are compared and discussed. Furthermore, this review summarizes strategies and the latest progress in enhancing the conductive pathway. Finally, we showcase some exemplary applications and provide some perspectives about the remaining technical challenges for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Yang
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, BioTech One, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
| | - Shun Duan
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, BioTech One, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, BioTech One, 800 East Leigh Street, Richmond, VA 23219, USA.
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Silver nanoparticles enhanced crystallization of polyethylene terephthalate-co-polyethylene glycol (PET-PEG) thermoplastic elastomer. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03725-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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6
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Noh J, Kim D. Laser shock pressing of silver nanowires on flexible substrates to fabricate highly uniform transparent conductive electrode films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:155303. [PMID: 33401260 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abd8ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Large surface roughness, wire-to-wire junction resistance, and poor adhesion strength of percolated silver nanowire films on polymer substrates are critical issues responsible for low shunt resistance, electron concentration, and thermal damage, resulting in the occurrence of dark spots and damage to flexible electronic devices. Therefore, the fabrication of transparent conductive electrode (TCE) thin films with high surface smoothness and enhanced film properties without the aforementioned problems is essential. Herein, we propose an innovative method to mechanically join silver nanowires on heat-sensitive polymer substrates using a laser-induced shock pressure wave generated by laser ablation of a sacrificial layer. The physical joining mechanism and film properties, that is, sheet resistance, transmittance, adhesion strength, and flexibility, were experimentally analyzed. When a high laser shock pressure was applied to the silver nanowires, plastic deformation occurred; thus, a sintered network film was fabricated through solid-state atomic diffusion at the nanowire junctions. Under optimal process conditions, the sintered films showed high resistance to the adhesion tape test (R/R 0 = 1.15), a significantly reduced surface roughness less than 6 nm, and comparable electrical conductivity (8 ± 2 [Formula: see text]) and visible transmittance (84% ± 3%) to typical joining methods. Consequently, this work demonstrates that the laser-induced shock pressing technique has strong potential for the production of TCE metal films on heat-sensitive flexible substrates with film properties superior to those of films produced by conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Noh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongsik Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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7
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Significant enhancement of thermal conductivity in graphite/polyester composite via interfacial π–π interaction. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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De Mori A, Jones RS, Cretella M, Cerri G, Draheim RR, Barbu E, Tozzi G, Roldo M. Evaluation of Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Properties of Silver Nanowires and Their Composites with Carbon Nanotubes for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072303. [PMID: 32225118 PMCID: PMC7178261 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we prepared silver nanowires (AgNWs) via the polyol method in the presence or absence of single wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and tested their physicochemical, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. Results showed that the introduction of CNTs lead to the formation of AgNWs at lower temperature, but the final product characteristics of AgNWs and AgNWs-CNT were not significantly different. AgNWs exhibited antibacterial properties against all the studied bacterial species via the formation of oxygen reactive species (ROS) and membrane damage. Furthermore, AgNWs exhibited a dose-dependent and time-dependent toxicity at concentrations ≥ 10 µg/mL. Fibroblasts appeared to be more resistant than human colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and osteoblasts to the toxicity of AgNWs. The cytotoxicity of AgNWs was found to be related to the formation of ROS, but not to membrane damage. Overall, these results suggest that AgNWs are potential antibacterial agents against E. coli, S. aureus, MRSA and S. saprophyticus, but their dosage needs to be adjusted according to the route of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna De Mori
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT, Portsmouth, UK; (A.D.M.); (R.S.J.); (M.C.); (R.R.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Richard S. Jones
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT, Portsmouth, UK; (A.D.M.); (R.S.J.); (M.C.); (R.R.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Matteo Cretella
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT, Portsmouth, UK; (A.D.M.); (R.S.J.); (M.C.); (R.R.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Guido Cerri
- Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning—GeoMaterials Lab, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Roger R. Draheim
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT, Portsmouth, UK; (A.D.M.); (R.S.J.); (M.C.); (R.R.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Eugen Barbu
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT, Portsmouth, UK; (A.D.M.); (R.S.J.); (M.C.); (R.R.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Anglesea Building, Anglesea Road, PO1 3DJ Portsmouth, UK;
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, St Michael’s Building, White Swan Road, PO1 2DT, Portsmouth, UK; (A.D.M.); (R.S.J.); (M.C.); (R.R.D.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Krukiewicz K, Fernandez J, Skorupa M, Więcławska D, Poudel A, Sarasua JR, Quinlan LR, Biggs MJP. Analysis of a poly(ε-decalactone)/silver nanowire composite as an electrically conducting neural interface biomaterial. BMC Biomed Eng 2019; 1:9. [PMID: 32903306 PMCID: PMC7422568 DOI: 10.1186/s42490-019-0010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advancement in polymer technologies, facilitated predominantly through chemical engineering approaches or through the identification and utilization of novel renewable resources, has been a steady focus of biomaterials research for the past 50 years. Aliphatic polyesters have been exploited in numerous biomedical applications including the formulation of soft-tissue sutures, bone fixation devices, cardiovascular stents etc. Biomimetic ‘soft’ polymer formulations are of interest in the design of biological interfaces and specifically, in the development of implantable neuroelectrode systems intended to interface with neural tissues. Critically, soft polymer formulations have been shown to address the challenges associated with the disregulation of mechanotransductive processes and micro-motion induced inflammation at the electrode/tissue interface. In this study, a polyester-based poly(ε-decalactone)/silver nanowire (EDL:Ag) composite was investigated as a novel electrically active biomaterial with neural applications. Neural interfaces were formulated through spin coating of a polymer/nanowire formulation onto the surface of a Pt electrode to form a biocompatible EDL matrix supported by a percolated network of silver nanowires. As-formed EDL:Ag composites were characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical methods, with their cytocompatibility assessed using primary cultures of a mixed neural population obtained from the ventral mesencephalon of Sprague-Dawley rat embryos. Results Electrochemical characterization of various EDL:Ag composites indicated EDL:Ag 10:1 as the most favourable formulation, exhibiting high charge storage capacity (8.7 ± 1.0 mC/cm2), charge injection capacity (84.3 ± 1.4 μC/cm2) and low impedance at 1 kHz (194 ± 28 Ω), outperforming both pristine EDL and bare Pt electrodes. The in vitro biological evaluation showed that EDL:Ag supported significant neuron viability in culture and to promote neurite outgrowth, which had the average length of 2300 ± 6 μm following 14 days in culture, 60% longer than pristine EDL and 120% longer than bare Pt control substrates. Conclusions EDL:Ag nanocomposites are shown to serve as robust neural interface materials, possessing favourable electrochemical characteristics together with high neural cytocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Krukiewicz
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), Galway Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland.,Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M.Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jorge Fernandez
- Polimerbio, S.L, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Małgorzata Skorupa
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M.Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Daria Więcławska
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, M.Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anup Poudel
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), Galway Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jose-Ramon Sarasua
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), School of Engineering, Alameda de Urquijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Leo R Quinlan
- Department of Physiology, National University of Ireland, Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland
| | - Manus J P Biggs
- Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CURAM), Galway Biosciences Research Building, 118 Corrib Village, Newcastle, Galway, Ireland
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10
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Sustained Release from Injectable Composite Gels Loaded with Silver Nanowires Designed to Combat Bacterial Resistance in Bone Regeneration Applications. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11030116. [PMID: 30871056 PMCID: PMC6471462 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One-dimensional nanostructures, such as silver nanowires (AgNWs), have attracted considerable attention owing to their outstanding electrical, thermal and antimicrobial properties. However, their application in the prevention of infections linked to bone tissue regeneration intervention has not yet been explored. Here we report on the development of an innovative scaffold prepared from chitosan, composite hydroxyapatite and AgNWs (CS-HACS-AgNWs) having both bioactive and antibacterial properties. In vitro results highlighted the antibacterial potential of AgNWs against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The CS-HACS-AgNWs composite scaffold demonstrated suitable Ca/P deposition, improved gel strength, reduced gelation time, and sustained Ag+ release within therapeutic concentrations. Antibacterial studies showed that the composite formulation was capable of inhibiting bacterial growth in suspension, and able to completely prevent biofilm formation on the scaffold in the presence of resistant strains. The hydrogels were also shown to be biocompatible, allowing cell proliferation. In summary, the developed CS-HACS-AgNWs composite hydrogels demonstrated significant potential as a scaffold material to be employed in bone regenerative medicine, as they present enhanced mechanical strength combined with the ability to allow calcium salts deposition, while efficiently decreasing the risk of infections. The results presented justify further investigations into the potential clinical applications of these materials.
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11
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Kim DW, Han JW, Lim KT, Kim YH. Highly Enhanced Light-Outcoupling Efficiency in ITO-Free Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Using Surface Nanostructure Embedded High-Refractive Index Polymers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:985-991. [PMID: 29130308 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We develop the high-performance internal light-outcoupling (HRLOC) system based on the high-refractive index polyimide (PI) and metal oxide nanoparticles for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with silver nanowires (AgNWs). The spontaneously formed nanobump structures, high refractive index, and light-scattering properties of HRLOC significantly enhance the light-extraction efficiency of OLEDs. Not only do the outcoupling structures improve the light-extraction efficiency, but also remarkably enhance the electrical properties of OLEDs. HRLOC leads to the regular and smooth formation of AgNWs, resulting in the improvement of the electrical properties of devices by preventing electrical shorts and leakage currents. The power efficiency of the AgNW-based OLEDs with PI is improved by a factor of 1.31 compared to the reference device with indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrode at a luminance of 20 000 cd/m2. The efficiency is further improved by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles into the PI matrix by a factor of 1.69. To our knowledge, the optically and electrically enhanced OLEDs show one of the highest enhancement factors reported for ITO-free OLEDs with internal outcoupling structures. In addition, the outcoupling structures are solution processable, thermally stable, and can be scaled up to 200 × 200 mm2 for large-area applications. We believe that the light-outcoupling structures developed here have great potential for efficient, low-cost, and flexible ITO-free OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Woo Kim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Won Han
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Kim
- Department of Display Engineering, Pukyong National University , Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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12
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Mandal B, Rameshbabu AP, Soni SR, Ghosh A, Dhara S, Pal S. In Situ Silver Nanowire Deposited Cross-Linked Carboxymethyl Cellulose: A Potential Transdermal Anticancer Drug Carrier. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:36583-36595. [PMID: 28948779 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a novel biopolymeric nanocomposite hydrogel comprised of in situ formed silver nanowires (AgNWs) deposited chemically cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) has been developed, which demonstrates superior efficacy as anticancer drug-curcumin carrier. The cross-linked polymer has been prepared by grafting poly [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl trimethylammonium chloride] on CMC using diethylene glycol dimethacrylate cross-linker. The nanocomposite hydrogel has the capability to encapsulate both hydrophobic/hydrophilic transdermal drugs. With variation in reaction conditions/parameters, several composite materials have been synthesized and depending on lower swelling/higher cross-linking and greater gel strength, an optimized grade of nanocomposite hydrogel has been selected. The developed nanocomposite hydrogel is characterized with FTIR/NMR spectra, FESEM/XRD/TGA/AFM/XPS analyses, and UV-visible spectroscopy. Rheological study has been performed to enlighten the gel strength of the composite material. The synthesized nanocomposite hydrogel is biodegradable and nontoxic to mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In vitro release of curcumin suggests that in situ incorporation of AgNWs on cross-linked CMC enhanced the penetration power of nanocomposite hydrogel and released the drug in sustained way (∼62% for curcumin released in 4 days). Ex vivo rat skin permeation study confirms that the drug from both the cross-linked and nanocomposite hydrogel was permeable through the rat skin in controlled fashion. Additionally the curcumin loaded composite hydrogel can efficiently kill the MG 63 cancer cells, which has been confirmed by apoptosis study and therefore, probably be a suitable carrier for curcumin delivery toward cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barun Mandal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) , Dhanbad 826004, India
| | - Arun Prabhu Rameshbabu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Saundray Raj Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology , Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology , Mesra, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology , Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Sagar Pal
- Polymer Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) , Dhanbad 826004, India
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13
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Liu HS, Pan BC, Liou GS. Highly transparent AgNW/PDMS stretchable electrodes for elastomeric electrochromic devices. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:2633-2639. [PMID: 28155936 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr09220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable conductors based on silver nanowires (AgNWs) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) have been studied extensively for many years. However, it is still difficult to achieve high transparency with low resistance due to the low attractive force between AgNWs and PDMS. In this paper, we report an effective method to transfer AgNWs into PDMS by using substrates which have a hydrophobic surface, and successfully prepared stretchable AgNW/PDMS electrodes having high transparency and low sheet resistance at the same time. The obtained electrodes can be stretched, twisted, and folded without significant loss of conductivity. Furthermore, a novel elastomeric HV electrochromic device (ECD) fabricated based on these stretchable AgNW/PDMS hybrid electrodes exhibited excellent electrochromic behavior in the full AgNW electrode system and could change color between colorless and blue even after 100 switching cycles. As most existing electrochromic devices are based on ITO and other rigid conductors, elastomeric conductors demonstrate advantages for next-generation electronics such as stretchable, wearable, and flexible optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Shen Liu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
| | - Bo-Cheng Pan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
| | - Guey-Sheng Liou
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
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15
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Ding H, Zhang Y, Yang G, Zhang S, Yu L, Zhang P. Large scale preparation of silver nanowires with different diameters by a one-pot method and their application in transparent conducting films. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra25474d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) with varied diameters were synthesized by a facile and efficient one-pot polyol method. Each run of the reaction with this method can provide more than 10 g of AgNWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Ding
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Guangbin Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Shengmao Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Laigui Yu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
| | - Pingyu Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomterials
- Henan University
- Kaifeng 475004
- China
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16
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Chou CY, Liu HS, Liou GS. Highly transparent silver nanowire–polyimide electrode as a snow-cleaning device. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12828a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A transparent colorless AgNW–PI electrode exhibited excellent thermal stability and adhesion property for a snow-cleaning application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yen Chou
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan 10617
| | - Huan-Shen Liu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan 10617
| | - Guey-Sheng Liou
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan 10617
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17
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Nengduo Z, Xuesong Y, Hao G. Highly conductive and flexible transparent films based on silver nanowire/chitosan composite. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05448j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The bio-derived polymer, chitosan, has been incorporated in a silver nanowire (AgNW) network to form the composite film which could solve the critical drawbacks of AgNW films including rough surface, poor adhesion and low oxidation resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Nengduo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- 117576 Singapore
| | - Yin Xuesong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- 117576 Singapore
| | - Gong Hao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- National University of Singapore
- 117576 Singapore
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18
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Blattmann CO, Sotiriou GA, Pratsinis SE. Rapid synthesis of flexible conductive polymer nanocomposite films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:125601. [PMID: 25736387 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/12/125601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposite films with nanoparticle-specific properties are sought out in novel functional materials and miniaturized devices for electronic and biomedical applications. Sensors, capacitors, actuators, displays, circuit boards, solar cells, electromagnetic shields and medical electrodes rely on flexible, electrically conductive layers or films. Scalable synthesis of such nanocomposite films, however, remains a challenge. Here, flame aerosol deposition of metallic nanosliver onto bare or polymer-coated glass substrates followed by polymer spin-coating on them leads to rapid synthesis of flexible, free-standing, electrically conductive nanocomposite films. Their electrical conductivity is determined during their preparation and depends on substrate composition and nanosilver deposition duration. Accordingly, thin (<500 nm) and flexible nanocomposite films are made having conductivity equivalent to metals (e.g. 5 × 10(4) S cm(-1)), even during repetitive bending.
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Affiliation(s)
- C O Blattmann
- Particle Technology Laboratory, Institute of Process Engineering, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 3, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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19
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Castañeda-Uribe OA, Reifenberger R, Raman A, Avila A. Depth-sensitive subsurface imaging of polymer nanocomposites using second harmonic Kelvin probe force microscopy. ACS NANO 2015; 9:2938-47. [PMID: 25591106 DOI: 10.1021/nn507019c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We study the depth sensitivity and spatial resolution of subsurface imaging of polymer nanocomposites using second harmonic mapping in Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM). This method allows the visualization of the clustering and percolation of buried Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs) via capacitance gradient (∂C/∂z) maps. We develop a multilayered sample where thin layers of neat Polyimide (PI) (∼80 nm per layer) are sequentially spin-coated on well-dispersed SWCNT/Polyimide (PI) nanocomposite films. The multilayer nanocomposite system allows the acquisition of ∂C/∂z images of three-dimensional percolating networks of SWCNTs at different depths in the same region of the sample. We detect CNTs at a depth of ∼430 nm, and notice that the spatial resolution progressively deteriorates with increasing depth of the buried CNTs. Computational trends of ∂C/∂z vs CNT depth correlate the sensitivity and depth resolution with field penetration and spreading, and enable a possible approach to three-dimensional subsurface structure reconstruction. The results open the door to nondestructive, three-dimensional tomography and nanometrology techniques for nanocomposite applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Alejandro Castañeda-Uribe
- †Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Centro de Microelectrónica (CMUA), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
| | | | | | - Alba Avila
- †Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Centro de Microelectrónica (CMUA), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
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20
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Um JH, Yu SH, Cho YH, Sung YE. SnO2 nanotube arrays embedded in a carbon layer for high-performance lithium-ion battery applications. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01958j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SnO2 nanotube arrays embedded in a carbon layer were fabricated via a simple sol–gel method, which has shown good battery performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Um
- School of Chemical & Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-742
- Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research
| | - Seung-Ho Yu
- School of Chemical & Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-742
- Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research
| | - Yong-Hun Cho
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Kangwon National University
- Samcheok 245-711
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yung-Eun Sung
- School of Chemical & Biological Engineering
- Seoul National University
- Seoul 151-742
- Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research
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21
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Huang GW, Xiao HM, Fu SY. Paper-based silver-nanowire electronic circuits with outstanding electrical conductivity and extreme bending stability. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:8495-502. [PMID: 24890380 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00846d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Here a facile, green and efficient printing-filtration-press (PFP) technique is reported for room-temperature (RT) mass-production of low-cost, environmentally friendly, high performance paper-based electronic circuits. The as-prepared silver nanowires (Ag-NWs) are uniformly deposited at RT on a pre-printed paper substrate to form high quality circuits via vacuum filtration and pressing. The PFP circuit exhibits more excellent electrical property and bending stability compared with other flexible circuits made by existing techniques. Furthermore, practical applications of the PFP circuits are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Wen Huang
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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22
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Li S, Chen Y, Huang L, Pan D. Large-Scale Synthesis of Well-Dispersed Copper Nanowires in an Electric Pressure Cooker and Their Application in Transparent and Conductive Networks. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:4440-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500094b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenjie Li
- State Key
Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- State Key
Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Lijian Huang
- State Key
Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Daocheng Pan
- State Key
Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
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23
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Ma J, Zhan M. Rapid production of silver nanowires based on high concentration of AgNO3 precursor and use of FeCl3 as reaction promoter. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra00711e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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