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Controllable Shrinking Fabrication of Solid-State Nanopores. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13060923. [PMID: 35744537 PMCID: PMC9228871 DOI: 10.3390/mi13060923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanopores have attracted widespread attention in DNA sequencing and protein or biomarker detection, owning to the single-molecule-scale detection accuracy. Despite the most use of naturally biological nanopores before, solid-state nanopores are widely developed with strong robustness, controllable sizes and geometries, a wide range of materials available, as well as flexible manufacturing. Therefore, various techniques typically based on focused ion beam or electron beam have been explored to drill nanopores directly on free-standing nanofilms. To further reduce and sculpt the pore size and shape for nano or sub-nano space-time sensing precision, various controllable shrinking technologies have been employed. Correspondingly, high-energy-beam-induced contraction with direct visual feedback represents the most widely used. The ability to change the pore diameter was attributed to surface tension induced original material migration into the nanopore center or new material deposition on the nanopore surface. This paper reviews typical solid-state nanopore shrinkage technologies, based on the careful summary of their principles and characteristics in particularly size and morphology changes. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods have also been compared completely. Finally, this review concludes with an optimistic outlook on the future of solid-state nanopores.
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Pérez-Mitta G, Toimil-Molares ME, Trautmann C, Marmisollé WA, Azzaroni O. Molecular Design of Solid-State Nanopores: Fundamental Concepts and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901483. [PMID: 31267585 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores are fascinating objects that enable the development of specific and efficient chemical and biological sensors, as well as the investigation of the physicochemical principles ruling the behavior of biological channels. The great variety of biological nanopores that nature provides regulates not only the most critical processes in the human body, including neuronal communication and sensory perception, but also the most important bioenergetic process on earth: photosynthesis. This makes them an exhaustless source of inspiration toward the development of more efficient, selective, and sophisticated nanopore-based nanofluidic devices. The key point responsible for the vibrant and exciting advance of solid nanopore research in the last decade has been the simultaneous combination of advanced fabrication nanotechnologies to tailor the size, geometry, and application of novel and creative approaches to confer the nanopore surface specific functionalities and responsiveness. Here, the state of the art is described in the following critical areas: i) theory, ii) nanofabrication techniques, iii) (bio)chemical functionalization, iv) construction of nanofluidic actuators, v) nanopore (bio)sensors, and vi) commercial aspects. The plethora of potential applications once envisioned for solid-state nanochannels is progressively and quickly materializing into new technologies that hold promise to revolutionize the everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Pérez-Mitta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Christina Trautmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
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Roman J, Jarroux N, Patriarche G, Français O, Pelta J, Le Pioufle B, Bacri L. Functionalized Solid-State Nanopore Integrated in a Reusable Microfluidic Device for a Better Stability and Nanoparticle Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:41634-41640. [PMID: 29144721 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrical detection based on single nanopores is an efficient tool to detect biomolecules, particles and study their morphology. Nevertheless the surface of the solid-state membrane supporting the nanopore should be better controlled. Moreover, nanopore should be integrated within microfluidic architecture to facilitate control fluid exchanges. We built a reusable microfluidic system integrating a decorated membran, rendering the drain and refill of analytes and buffers easier. This process enhances strongly ionic conductance of the nanopore and its lifetime. We highlight the reliability of this device by detecting gold nanorods and spherical proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Roman
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Evry F-91025, France
| | - Nathalie Jarroux
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Evry F-91025, France
| | - Gilles Patriarche
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, C2N-Marcoussis , Marcoussis 91460, France
| | - Olivier Français
- ESIEE-Paris, ESYCOM, University Paris Est , Cité Descartes BP99, Noisy-Le-Grand F-93160, France
| | - Juan Pelta
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Evry F-91025, France
| | | | - Laurent Bacri
- LAMBE, Université Evry, CNRS, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay , Evry F-91025, France
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Lepoitevin M, Ma T, Bechelany M, Janot JM, Balme S. Functionalization of single solid state nanopores to mimic biological ion channels: A review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 250:195-213. [PMID: 28942265 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In nature, ion channels are highly selective pores and act as gate to ensure selective ion transport, allowing ions to cross the membrane. By mimicking them, single solid state nanopore devices emerge as a new, powerful class of molecule sensors that allow for the label-free detection of biomolecules (DNA, RNA, and proteins), non-biological polymers, as well as small molecules. In this review, we exhaustively describe the fabrication and functionalization techniques to design highly robust and selective solid state nanopores. First we outline the different materials and methods to design nanopores, we explain the ionic conduction in nanopores, and finally we summarize some techniques to modify and functionalize the surface in order to obtain biomimetic nanopores, responding to different external stimuli.
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Balme S, Lepoitevin M, Dumée LF, Bechelany M, Janot JM. Diffusion dynamics of latex nanoparticles coated with ssDNA across a single nanopore. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:496-502. [PMID: 27928571 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02461k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental understanding of the transport mechanisms of objects across a single nanopore is one key point to develop Coulter counters at the nanoscale for macromolecule or nanoparticle detection. In this area, nanoparticles have been less investigated than biomacromolecules such as DNA or proteins due to their self-aggregation in the presence of salts. In this work, the transport of modified latex nanoparticles across solid-state nanopores was investigated. To prevent their aggregation, their surface was modified with a low molecular weight single strand DNA coating. Then the coated nanoparticles were successfully detected across a single pore material in 200 mM NaCl buffer. The experimental capture rate was compared to that of the predictive model. It reveals that the nanoparticle entrance inside the nanopore is mainly governed by diffusion and required a weak energy. For relative current blockades, the predictive model should take into account both the nanopore shape and the additional charge due to ssDNA coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Balme
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR5635, Université de Montpellier CNRS ENSCM, Place Eugène, France.
| | - Mathilde Lepoitevin
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR5635, Université de Montpellier CNRS ENSCM, Place Eugène, France.
| | - Ludovic F Dumée
- Deakin University, Institute for Frontier Materials, Waurn Ponds, 3216 Victoria, Australia
| | - Mikhael Bechelany
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR5635, Université de Montpellier CNRS ENSCM, Place Eugène, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Janot
- Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR5635, Université de Montpellier CNRS ENSCM, Place Eugène, France.
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Effect of Pore Geometry on Resistive-Pulse Sensing of DNA Using Track-Etched PET Nanopore Membrane. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Wu H, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Wang R, Xia B, Ma D, Luo K, Liu Q. Translocation of Rigid Rod-Shaped Virus through Various Solid-State Nanopores. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2502-10. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwen Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Polymer
Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Qizhao Zhou
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Rongliang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Baicheng Xia
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Polymer
Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Dejun Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical
Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Kaifu Luo
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Polymer
Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Quanjun Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
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Thangaraj V, Lepoitevin M, Smietana M, Balanzat E, Bechelany M, Janot JM, Vasseur JJ, Subramanian S, Balme S. Detection of short ssDNA and dsDNA by current-voltage measurements using conical nanopores coated with Al2O3 by atomic layer deposition. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Bechelany M, Balme S, Miele P. Atomic layer deposition of biobased nanostructured interfaces for energy, environmental and health applications. PURE APPL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2015-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe most fundamental phenomena in the immobilising of biomolecules on the nanostructured materials for energy, environmental and health applications are the control of interfaces between the nanostructures/nanopores and the immobilized biomaterials. Thus, the throughput of all those biobased nanostructured materials and devices can be improved or controlled by the enhanced geometric area of the nanostructured interfaces if an efficient immobilization of the biomolecules is warranted. In this respect, an accurate control of the geometry (size, porosity, etc.) and interfaces is primordial to finding the delicate balance between large/control interface areas and good immobilization conditions. Here, we will show how the atomic layer deposition (ALD) can be used as a tool for the creation of controlled nanostructured interfaces in which the geometry can be tuned accurately and the dependence of the physical-chemical properties on the geometric parameters can be studied systematically in order to immobilize biomolecules. We will show mainly examples of how these methods can be used to create single nanopores for mass spectroscopy and DNA sequencing, and membrane for gas separation and water treatment in which the performance varies with the nanostructure morphologies/interfaces and the immobilization conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhael Bechelany
- 1Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635 ENSCM UM CNRS, Université Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Sebastien Balme
- 1Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635 ENSCM UM CNRS, Université Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Philippe Miele
- 1Institut Européen des Membranes, UMR 5635 ENSCM UM CNRS, Université Montpellier, Place Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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