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Mann J, Garnweitner G, Schilde C. Preparation of Self-Assembled Nanoparticle-Polymer Hybrids from Modified Silica Nanoparticles and Polystyrene-Block-Polyacrylic Acid Vesicles via the Co-Precipitation Method. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020444. [PMID: 36679323 PMCID: PMC9867192 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-polymer hybrids are becoming increasingly important because seemingly contrasting properties, such as mechanical stability and high elasticity, can be combined into one material. In particular, hybrids made of self-assembled polymers are of growing interest since they exhibit high structural precision and diversity and the subsequent reorganization of the nanoparticles is possible. In this work, we show, for the first time, how hybrids of silica nanoparticles and self-assembled vesicles of polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid can be prepared using the simple and inexpensive method of co-precipitation, highlighting in particular the challenges of using silica instead of other previously well-researched materials, such as gold. The aim was to investigate the influence of the type of modification and the particle size of the silica nanoparticles on the encapsulation and structure of the polymer vesicles. For this purpose, we first needed to adjust the surface properties of the nanoparticles, which we achieved with a two-step modification procedure using APTES and carboxylic acids of different chain lengths. We found that silica nanoparticles modified only with APTES could be successfully encapsulated, while those modified with APTES and decanoic acid resulted in vesicle agglomeration and poor encapsulation due to their strong hydrophobicity. In contrast, no negative effects were observed when different particle sizes (20 nm and 45 nm) were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jil Mann
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
- Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 6A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Georg Garnweitner
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
- Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 6A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carsten Schilde
- Institute for Particle Technology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Volkmaroder Str. 5, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
- Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 6A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Jang W, Yun J, Ludwig L, Jang SG, Bae JY, Byun H, Kim JH. Comparative Catalytic Properties of Supported and Encapsulated Gold Nanoparticles in Homocoupling Reactions. Front Chem 2020; 8:834. [PMID: 33195039 PMCID: PMC7533535 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes strategies to increase the reactive surfaces of integrated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by employing two different types of host materials that do not possess strong electrostatic and/or covalent interactive forces. These composite particles are then utilized as highly reactive and recyclable quasi-homogeneous catalysts in a C-C bond forming reaction. The use of mesoporous TiO2 and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), PNIPAM, particles allows for the formation of relatively small and large guest AuNPs and provides the greatly improved stability of the resulting composite particles. As these AuNPs are physically incorporated into the mesoporous TiO2 (i.e., supported AuNPs) and PNIPAM particles (i.e., encapsulated AuNPs), their surfaces are maximized to serve as highly reactive catalytic sites. Given their increased physicochemical properties (e.g., stability, dispersity, and surface area), these composite particles exhibit notably high catalytic activity, selectivity, and recyclability in the homocoupling of phenylboronic acid in water and EtOH. Although the small supported AuNPs display slightly faster reaction rates than the large encapsulated AuNPs, the apparent activation energies (Ea) of both composite particles are comparable, implying no obvious correlation with the size of guest AuNPs under the reaction conditions. Investigating the overall physical properties of various composite particles and their catalytic functions, including the reactivity, selectivity, and Ea, can lead to the development of highly practical quasi-homogeneous catalysts in green reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongi Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Energy Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Jaehan Yun
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Luke Ludwig
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States
| | - Su Guan Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae Young Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hongsik Byun
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Keimyung University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL, United States
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Synthesis and characterization of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide-co-acrylamide) core – Silica shell nanoparticles by using reactive surfactant polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether ammonium sulfate. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.109263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Cao-Luu NH, Pham QT, Yao ZH, Wang FM, Chern CS. Synthesis and characterization of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) mesoglobule core–silica shell nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 536:536-547. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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