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Daddi-Moussa-Ider A, Tjhung E, Richter T, Menzel AM. Hydrodynamics of a disk in a thin film of weakly nematic fluid subject to linear friction. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:445101. [PMID: 39029503 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad65ad] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
To make progress towards the development of a theory on the motion of inclusions in thin structured films and membranes, we here consider as an initial step a circular disk in a two-dimensional, uniaxially anisotropic fluid layer. We assume overdamped dynamics, incompressibility of the fluid, and global alignment of the axis of anisotropy. Motion within this layer is affected by additional linear friction with the environment, for instance, a supporting substrate. We investigate the induced flows in the fluid when the disk is translated parallel or perpendicular to the direction of anisotropy. Moreover, expressions for corresponding mobilities and resistance coefficients of the disk are derived. Our results are obtained within the framework of a perturbative expansion in the parameters that quantify the anisotropy of the fluid. Good agreement is found for moderate anisotropy when compared to associated results from finite-element simulations. At pronounced anisotropy, the induced flow fields are still predicted qualitatively correctly by the perturbative theory, although quantitative deviations arise. We hope to stimulate with our investigations corresponding experimental analyses, for example, concerning fluid flows in anisotropic thin films on uniaxially rubbed supporting substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Daddi-Moussa-Ider
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Elsen Tjhung
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Richter
- Institut für Analysis und Numerik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Menzel
- Institut für Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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2
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Liao CT, Lemus A, Gürbüz A, Tsang ACH, Pak OS, Daddi-Moussa-Ider A. Propulsion of a three-sphere microrobot in a porous medium. Phys Rev E 2024; 109:065106. [PMID: 39020945 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.109.065106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Microorganisms and synthetic microswimmers often encounter complex environments consisting of networks of obstacles embedded into viscous fluids. Such settings include biological media, such as mucus with filamentous networks, as well as environmental scenarios, including wet soil and aquifers. A fundamental question in studying their locomotion is how the impermeability of these porous media impacts their propulsion performance compared with the case of that in a purely viscous fluid. Previous studies showed that the additional resistance due to the embedded obstacles leads to an enhanced propulsion of different types of swimmers, including undulatory swimmers, helical swimmers, and squirmers. In this paper, we employ a canonical three-sphere swimmer model to probe the impact of propulsion in porous media. The Brinkman equation is utilized to model a sparse network of stationary obstacles embedded into an incompressible Newtonian liquid. We present both a far-field theory and numerical simulations to characterize the propulsion performance of the swimmer in such porous media. In contrast to enhanced propulsion observed in other swimmer models, our results reveal that both the propulsion speed and efficiency of the three-sphere swimmer are largely reduced by the impermeability of the porous medium. We attribute the substantial reduction in propulsion performance to the screened hydrodynamic interactions among the spheres due to the more rapid spatial decays of flows in Brinkman media. These results highlight how enhanced or hindered propulsion in porous media is largely dependent on individual propulsion mechanisms. The specific example and physical insights provided here may guide the design of synthetic microswimmers for effective locomotion in porous media in their potential biological and environmental applications.
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3
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Richter SK, Menzel AM. Mediated interactions between rigid inclusions in two-dimensional elastic or fluid films. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:014609. [PMID: 35193206 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.014609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between rigid inclusions in continuous three-dimensional linearly elastic solids and low-Reynolds-number viscous fluids have largely been quantified in the past. Prime example systems are given by functionalized elastic composite materials or fluid colloidal suspensions. Here, we address the significantly less frequently studied situation of rigid inclusions in two-dimensional elastic or low-Reynolds-number fluid films. We concentrate on the situation in which disklike inclusions remain well separated from each other and do not get into contact. Specifically, we demonstrate and explain that the logarithmic divergence of the associated Green's function is removed in the absence of net external forces on the inclusions, in line with physical intuition. For instance, this situation applies when only pairwise mutual interactions between the inclusions prevail. Our results will support, for example, investigations on membranes functionalized by appropriate inclusions, both of technical or biological origin, or the dynamics of active microswimmers in appropriately prepared thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Richter
- Institut für Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - A M Menzel
- Institut für Physik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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4
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Anand SK, Singh SP. Migration of active filaments under Poiseuille flow in a microcapillary tube. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2021; 44:150. [PMID: 34910263 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present a comprehensive study of active filaments confined in a cylindrical channel under Poiseuille flow. The activity drives the filament towards the channel boundary, whereas external fluid flow migrates the filament away from the boundary. This migration further shifts towards the centre for higher flow strength. The migration behaviour of the filaments is presented in terms of the alignment order parameter that shows the alignment grows with shear and activity. Further, we have also addressed the role of length of filament on the migration behaviour, which suggests higher migration for larger filaments. Moreover, we discuss the polar ordering of filaments as a function of distance from the centre of channel that displays upstream motion near the boundary and downstream motion at the centre of the tube.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalabh K Anand
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - Sunil P Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India.
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5
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Hoeger K, Ursell T. Steric scattering of rod-like swimmers in low Reynolds number environments. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:2479-2489. [PMID: 33503087 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01551b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbes form integral components of all natural ecosystems. In most cases, the surrounding micro-environment has physical variations that affect the movements of micro-swimmers, including solid objects of varying size, shape and density. As swimmers move through viscous environments, a combination of hydrodynamic and steric forces are known to significantly alter their trajectories in a way that depends on surface curvature. In this work, our goal was to clarify the role of steric forces when rod-like swimmers interact with solid objects comparable to cell size. We imaged hundreds-of-thousands of scattering interactions between swimming bacteria and micro-fabricated pillars with radii from ∼1 to ∼10 cell lengths. Scattering interactions were parameterized by the angle of the cell upon contact with the pillar, and primarily produced forward-scattering events that fell into distinct chiral distributions for scattering angle - no hydrodynamic trapping was observed. The chirality of a scattering event was a stochastic variable whose probability smoothly and symmetrically depended on the contact angle. Neglecting hydrodynamics, we developed a model that only considers contact forces and torques for a rear-pushed thin-rod scattering from a cylinder - the model predictions were in good agreement with measured data. Our results suggest that alteration of bacterial trajectories is subject to distinct mechanisms when interacting with objects of different size; primarily steric for objects below ∼10 cell lengths and requiring incorporation of hydrodynamics at larger scales. These results contribute to a mechanistic framework in which to examine (and potentially engineer) microbial movements through natural and synthetic environments that present complex steric structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Hoeger
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97424, USA.
| | - Tristan Ursell
- Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97424, USA. and Material Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97424, USA and Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97424, USA
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Sukhov A, Ziegler S, Xie Q, Trosman O, Pande J, Grosjean G, Hubert M, Vandewalle N, Smith AS, Harting J. Optimal motion of triangular magnetocapillary swimmers. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:124707. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5116860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sukhov
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ziegler
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Qingguang Xie
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Oleg Trosman
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jayant Pande
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Galien Grosjean
- Université de Liège, GRASP Lab, CESAM Research Unit, Allée du 6 Août 19, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Maxime Hubert
- Université de Liège, GRASP Lab, CESAM Research Unit, Allée du 6 Août 19, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Vandewalle
- Université de Liège, GRASP Lab, CESAM Research Unit, Allée du 6 Août 19, Liège 4000, Belgium
| | - Ana-Sunčana Smith
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Harting
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Fürther Straße 248, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany
- Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Daddi-Moussa-Ider A, Kurzthaler C, Hoell C, Zöttl A, Mirzakhanloo M, Alam MR, Menzel AM, Löwen H, Gekle S. Frequency-dependent higher-order Stokes singularities near a planar elastic boundary: Implications for the hydrodynamics of an active microswimmer near an elastic interface. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:032610. [PMID: 31639990 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.032610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The emerging field of self-driven active particles in fluid environments has recently created significant interest in the biophysics and bioengineering communities owing to their promising future for biomedical and technological applications. These microswimmers move autonomously through aqueous media, where under realistic situations they encounter a plethora of external stimuli and confining surfaces with peculiar elastic properties. Based on a far-field hydrodynamic model, we present an analytical theory to describe the physical interaction and hydrodynamic couplings between a self-propelled active microswimmer and an elastic interface that features resistance toward shear and bending. We model the active agent as a superposition of higher-order Stokes singularities and elucidate the associated translational and rotational velocities induced by the nearby elastic boundary. Our results show that the velocities can be decomposed in shear and bending related contributions which approach the velocities of active agents close to a no-slip rigid wall in the steady limit. The transient dynamics predict that contributions to the velocities of the microswimmer due to bending resistance are generally more pronounced than those due to shear resistance. Bending can enhance (suppress) the velocities resulting from higher-order singularities whereas the shear related contribution decreases (increases) the velocities. Most prominently, we find that near an elastic interface of only energetic resistance toward shear deformation, such as that of an elastic capsule designed for drug delivery, a swimming bacterium undergoes rotation of the same sense as observed near a no-slip wall. In contrast to that, near an interface of only energetic resistance toward bending, such as that of a fluid vesicle or liposome, we find a reversed sense of rotation. Our results provide insight into the control and guidance of artificial and synthetic self-propelling active microswimmers near elastic confinements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Daddi-Moussa-Ider
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christina Kurzthaler
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Christian Hoell
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Zöttl
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Technische Universität Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, 1040 Wien, Austria
| | - Mehdi Mirzakhanloo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Mohammad-Reza Alam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Andreas M Menzel
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephan Gekle
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik VI, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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Hoell C, Löwen H, Menzel AM. Multi-species dynamical density functional theory for microswimmers: Derivation, orientational ordering, trapping potentials, and shear cells. J Chem Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5099554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hoell
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Menzel
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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9
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Mathijssen AJTM, Figueroa-Morales N, Junot G, Clément É, Lindner A, Zöttl A. Oscillatory surface rheotaxis of swimming E. coli bacteria. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3434. [PMID: 31366920 PMCID: PMC6668461 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial contamination of biological channels, catheters or water resources is a major threat to public health, which can be amplified by the ability of bacteria to swim upstream. The mechanisms of this 'rheotaxis', the reorientation with respect to flow gradients, are still poorly understood. Here, we follow individual E. coli bacteria swimming at surfaces under shear flow using 3D Lagrangian tracking and fluorescent flagellar labelling. Three transitions are identified with increasing shear rate: Above a first critical shear rate, bacteria shift to swimming upstream. After a second threshold, we report the discovery of an oscillatory rheotaxis. Beyond a third transition, we further observe coexistence of rheotaxis along the positive and negative vorticity directions. A theoretical analysis explains these rheotaxis regimes and predicts the corresponding critical shear rates. Our results shed light on bacterial transport and reveal strategies for contamination prevention, rheotactic cell sorting, and microswimmer navigation in complex flow environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold J T M Mathijssen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 1 Keble Road, OX1 3NP, UK
| | - Nuris Figueroa-Morales
- PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, University Paris Diderot, 7-9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Gaspard Junot
- PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, University Paris Diderot, 7-9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Éric Clément
- PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, University Paris Diderot, 7-9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Anke Lindner
- PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, University Paris Diderot, 7-9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Andreas Zöttl
- Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, 1 Keble Road, OX1 3NP, UK.
- PMMH, UMR 7636 CNRS-ESPCI-PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, University Paris Diderot, 7-9 quai Saint-Bernard, 75005, Paris, France.
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10, Wien, Austria.
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Malgaretti P, Oshanin G, Talbot J. Special issue on transport in narrow channels. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:270201. [PMID: 31025626 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab1548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Malgaretti
- Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, Heisenbergstr. 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany. Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, LPTMC (UMR CNRS 7600), 4 Place Jussieu, CEDEX 05, 75252 Paris, France
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11
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Abstract
Despite mounting evidence that the same gradients, which active colloids use for swimming, induce important cross-interactions (phoretic interactions), they are still ignored in most many-body descriptions, perhaps to avoid complexity and a zoo of unknown parameters. Here we derive a simple model, which reduces phoretic far-field interactions to a pair-interaction whose strength is mainly controlled by one genuine parameter (swimming speed). The model suggests that phoretic interactions are generically important for autophoretic colloids (unless effective screening of the phoretic fields is strong) and should dominate over hydrodynamic interactions for the typical case of half-coating and moderately nonuniform surface mobilities. Unlike standard minimal models, but in accordance with canonical experiments, our model generically predicts dynamic clustering in active colloids at a low density. This suggests that dynamic clustering can emerge from the interplay of screened phoretic attractions and active diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benno Liebchen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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12
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Daddi-Moussa-Ider A, Goh S, Liebchen B, Hoell C, Mathijssen AJTM, Guzmán-Lastra F, Scholz C, Menzel AM, Löwen H. Membrane penetration and trapping of an active particle. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:064906. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5080807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Daddi-Moussa-Ider
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Segun Goh
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benno Liebchen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Hoell
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Francisca Guzmán-Lastra
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Ave. Manuel Montt 367, Providencia, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Christian Scholz
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Menzel
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Mathijssen AJTM, Guzmán-Lastra F, Kaiser A, Löwen H. Nutrient Transport Driven by Microbial Active Carpets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:248101. [PMID: 30608743 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.248101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that active carpets of bacteria or self-propelled colloids generate coherent flows towards the substrate, and propose that these currents provide efficient pathways to replenish nutrients that feed back into activity. A full theory is developed in terms of gradients in the active matter density and velocity, and applied to bacterial turbulence, topological defects and clustering. Currents with complex spatiotemporal patterns are obtained, which are tunable through confinement. Our findings show that diversity in carpet architecture is essential to maintain biofunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold J T M Mathijssen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Francisca Guzmán-Lastra
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Av. Manuel Montt 367, Providencia, Santiago 7500994, Chile
- Departamento de Física, FCFM Universidad de Chile, Beauchef 850, Santiago 8370448, Chile
| | - Andreas Kaiser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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14
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Hoell C, Löwen H, Menzel AM. Particle-scale statistical theory for hydrodynamically induced polar ordering in microswimmer suspensions. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:144902. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5048304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hoell
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Menzel
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Daddi-Moussa-Ider A, Lisicki M, Gekle S, Menzel AM, Löwen H. Hydrodynamic coupling and rotational mobilities near planar elastic membranes. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:014901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5032304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Daddi-Moussa-Ider
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Maciej Lisicki
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Wilberforce Rd, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stephan Gekle
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik, Universität Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Menzel
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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