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Armillotta F, Bidoggia D, Baronio S, Biasin P, Annese A, Scardamaglia M, Zhu S, Bozzini B, Modesti S, Peressi M, Vesselli E. Single Metal Atom Catalysts and ORR: H-Bonding, Solvation, and the Elusive Hydroperoxyl Intermediate. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Armillotta
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Davide Bidoggia
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania Baronio
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Pietro Biasin
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Annese
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Suyun Zhu
- MAX IV Laboratory, Fotongatan 8, 224 84 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Silvio Modesti
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Peressi
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Erik Vesselli
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, via A. Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- CNR-IOM, Area Science Park, S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
- Center for Energy, Environment and Transport Giacomo Ciamician, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Stein A, Rolf D, Lotze C, Feldmann S, Gerbert D, Günther B, Jeindl A, Cartus JJ, Hofmann OT, Gade LH, Franke KJ, Tegeder P. Electronic Properties of Tetraazaperopyrene Derivatives on Au(111): Energy-Level Alignment and Interfacial Band Formation. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:19969-19979. [PMID: 34557263 PMCID: PMC8450938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c04217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
N-heteropolycyclic aromatic compounds are promising organic electron-transporting semiconductors for applications in field-effect transistors. Here, we investigated the electronic properties of 1,3,8,10-tetraazaperopyrene derivatives adsorbed on Au(111) using a complementary experimental approach, namely, scanning tunneling spectroscopy and two-photon photoemission combined with state-of-the-art density functional theory. We find signatures of weak physisorption of the molecular layers, such as the absence of charge transfer, a nearly unperturbed surface state, and an intact herringbone reconstruction underneath the molecular layer. Interestingly, molecular states in the energy region of the sp- and d-bands of the Au(111) substrate exhibit hole-like dispersive character. We ascribe this band character to hybridization with the delocalized states of the substrate. We suggest that such bands, which leave the molecular frontier orbitals largely unperturbed, are a promising lead for the design of organic-metal interfaces with a low charge injection barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Stein
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Rolf
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Lotze
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Feldmann
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David Gerbert
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Günther
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jeindl
- Technische
Universität Graz, Institut für Festkörperphysik, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes J. Cartus
- Technische
Universität Graz, Institut für Festkörperphysik, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Oliver T. Hofmann
- Technische
Universität Graz, Institut für Festkörperphysik, NAWI Graz, Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lutz H. Gade
- Anorganisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina J. Franke
- Fachbereich
Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Tegeder
- Physikalisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Stein A, Rolf D, Lotze C, Günther B, Gade LH, Franke KJ, Tegeder P. Band Formation at Interfaces Between N-Heteropolycycles and Gold Electrodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:947-951. [PMID: 33440118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient charge injection at organic semiconductor/metal interfaces is crucial for the performance of organic field effect transistors. Interfacial hybrid band formation between electronic states of the organic compound and the metal electrode facilitates effective charge injection. Here, we show that a long-range ordered monolayer of a flat-lying N-heteropolycyclic aromatic compound on Au(111) leads to dispersing occupied and unoccupied interfacial hybrid bands. Using angle-resolved two-photon photoemission we determine their energy level alignment and dispersion relations. We suggest that band formation proceeds via hybridization of a localized occupied molecular state with the d-bands of the Au substrate, where the large effective mass of the d-bands is significantly reduced in the hybrid band. Hybridization of an unoccupied molecular state with the Au sp-band leads to a band with an even smaller effective mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnulf Stein
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniela Rolf
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Physik, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Lotze
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Physik, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin Günther
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lutz H Gade
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina J Franke
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Physik, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Tegeder
- Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 253, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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