Rapid detection of heavy elements in blood extracted from wounds using x-ray fluorescence analysis

Rapid detection of plutonium contamination with and without uranium contamination in wounds by x-ray fluorescence

In the event of an accident at a nuclear fuel handling facility, the wounds of affected workers may be contaminated with plutonium. The current approach for identifying plutonium contamination is by detecting α-particles in the blood stream. However, the applicability of this approach is impeded due to the α-particles being easily shielded by the bodily fluid components. In this study, we investigate a contamination testing method for such cases that involves the collection of blood with a small piece of filter paper, sealing the sample with thin films, and performing x-ray fluorescence analysis. Our previous study on collecting uranium-contaminated blood with filter paper and performing x-ray fluorescence analysis revealed that the effects arising from blood components could be completely removed by peak fitting, and thus water instead of blood was used as a solvent here. Samples containing various amounts of plutonium as well as samples with 150 Bq of plutonium and uranium were prepared with a mass ratio of 0 to 500 times greater than that of plutonium. x-ray fluorescence measurements showed a high linearity and reproducibility of the Pu Lα peak intensity and plutonium radioactivity, and it was clarified that the signal intensity of the Pu Lα peak did not depend on the amount of coexisting uranium. This method will allow for the simple and rapid assessment of plutonium contamination in wounds.