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Satoh D, Petoussi-Henss N. Dose-rate coefficients for external exposure to radionuclides uniformly distributed in soil to an infinite depth. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0310552. [PMID: 39325791 PMCID: PMC11426535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0310552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Using a database on external exposures to environmental sources provided by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, monoenergetic and nuclide-specific dose-rate coefficients have been evaluated for volumetric sources with a uniform distribution to an effectively infinite depth in soil. Organ equivalent and effective dose rates for the public (newborns; 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-year-old children; and adults), ambient dose equivalent rates, and air kerma free-in-air rates at 1 m above the ground were computed. This was performed using the weighted-integral method for monoenergetic photon and electron sources in an energy region of 10-2 to 8 MeV with 25 energy points to obtain the respective monoenergetic dose-rate coefficients. Then, based on these data, the dose-rate coefficients for 1252 radionuclides of 97 elements were evaluated. In those computations, the dose contribution from bremsstrahlung generated by electrons in the soil was also considered. In addition, dose-rate coefficients for the primordial radioactive decay chains of the thorium, uranium, and actinium series, as well as the decay of 137Cs with 137mBa in secular radioactive equilibrium, were obtained using the Bateman equation. For verification, the results of the effective dose rates for the 40K, 50V, thorium, and uranium series, as well as 137Cs/137mBa, were compared with those of previous studies and agreed within 10% for most cases. The results showed that the present dose-rate coefficients for radionuclides uniformly distributed to an infinite depth in soil were computed using appropriate procedures and can be used to assess external doses to the public, living on landfill soils containing naturally occurring radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Satoh
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nina Petoussi-Henss
- External and Internal Dosimetry, Biokinetics, German Federal Office for Radiation Protection, Oberschleißheim, Germany
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Choi C, Shin B, Yeom YS, Kim CH, Bolch WE, Jokisch DW, Han H, Lee C, Chung BS. Development of Respiratory Tract Organs for ICRP Pediatric Mesh-type Reference Computational Phantoms. HEALTH PHYSICS 2023; 125:434-445. [PMID: 37823824 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000001740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT As part of the activities of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Task Group 103, the present study developed a new set of respiratory tract organs consisting of the extrathoracic, bronchial, bronchiolar, and alveolar-interstitial regions for newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-, and 15-y-old males and females for use in pediatric mesh-type reference computational phantoms. The developed respiratory tract organs, while preserving the original topologies of those of the pediatric voxel-type reference computational phantoms of ICRP Publication 143, have improved anatomy and detailed structure and also include μm-thick target and source regions prescribed in ICRP Publication 66. The dosimetric impact of the developed respiratory tract organs was investigated by calculating the specific absorbed fraction for internal electron exposures, which were then compared with the ICRP Task Group 96 values. The results showed that except for the alveolar-interstitial region as a source region, the pediatric mesh phantoms showed larger specific absorbed fractions than the Task Group 96 values. The maximum difference was a factor of ~3.5 for the extrathoracic-2 basal cell and surface as target and source regions, respectively. These results reflect the differences in the target masses and geometry caused by the anatomical enhancement of the pediatric mesh phantoms. For the alveolar-interstitial region as a source region, the pediatric mesh phantoms showed larger values for low energy ranges and lower values with increasing energies, owing to the differences in the size and shape of the alveolar-interstitial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansoo Choi
- J Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Bangho Shin
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Yeom
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wesley E Bolch
- J Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Haegin Han
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choonsik Lee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Beom Sun Chung
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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Choi C, Shin B, Yeom YS, Nguyen TT, Han H, Kim S, Son G, Moon S, Kim H, Kim CH, Bolch WE, Jokisch DW, Lee C, Chung BS. Development of alimentary tract organs for ICRP pediatric mesh-type reference computational phantoms. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:031508. [PMID: 35921807 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac8683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In line with the activities of Task Group 103 under the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the present study was conducted to develop a new set of alimentary tract organs consisting of the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon for the newborn, 1 year-old, 5 year-old, 10 year-old, and 15 year-old males and females for use in the pediatric mesh-type reference computational phantoms (MRCPs). The developed alimentary tract organs of the pediatric MRCPs, while nearly preserving the original topology and shape of those of the pediatric voxel-type reference computational phantoms (VRCPs) of ICRPPublication 143, present considerable anatomical improvement and include all micrometre-scale target and source regions as prescribed in ICRPPublication 100. To investigate the dosimetric impact of the developed alimentary tract organs, organ doses and specific absorbed fractions were computed for certain external exposures to photons and electrons and internal exposures to electrons, respectively, which were then compared with the values computed using the current ICRP models (i.e. pediatric VRCPs and ICRP-100 stylised models). The results showed that for external exposures to penetrating radiations (i.e. photons >0.04 MeV), there was generally good agreement between the compared values, within a 10% difference, except for the oral mucosa. For external exposures to weakly penetrating radiations (i.e. low-energy photons and electrons), there were significant differences, up to a factor of ∼8300, owing to the geometric difference caused by the anatomical enhancement in the MRCPs. For internal exposures of electrons, there were significant differences, the maximum of which reached a factor of ∼73 000. This was attributed not only to the geometric difference but also to the target mass difference caused by the different luminal content mass and organ shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansoo Choi
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bangho Shin
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Yeom
- Department of Radiation Convergence Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Thang Tat Nguyen
- School of Nuclear Engineering and Environmental Physics, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Haegin Han
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhyeon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahee Son
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Moon
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonil Kim
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wesley E Bolch
- J Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Derek W Jokisch
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Francis Marion University, Florence, SC, United States of America
- Center for Radiation Protection Knowledge, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
| | - Choonsik Lee
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Beom Sun Chung
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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New thyroid models for ICRP pediatric mesh-type reference computational phantoms. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Thorne MC. Special issues and computational techniques: the Bernard Wheatley Award for 2021. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:030201. [PMID: 35815731 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac7e03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M C Thorne
- Quarry Cottage, Hamsterley, Bishop Auckland, County Durham, DL13 3NJ, United Kingdom
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