Ti3C2Tx MXenes as thin broadband absorbers

Carbon-Based Radar Absorbing Materials toward Stealth Technologies

Stealth technology is used to enhance the survival of military equipment in the field of military surveillance, as it utilizes a combination of techniques to render itself undetectable by enemy radar systems. Radar absorbing materials (RAMs) are specialized materials used to reduce the reflection (or absorption) of radar signals to provide stealth capability, which is a core component of passive countermeasures in military applications. The properties of RAMs can be optimized by adjusting their composition, microstructure, and surface geometry. Carbon-based materials present a promising approach for the fabrication of ultrathin, versatile, and high-performance RAMs due to their large specific surface area, lightweight, excellent dielectric properties, high electrical conductivity, and stability under harsh conditions. This review begins with a brief history of stealth technology and an introduction to electromagnetic waves, radar systems, and radar absorbing materials. This is followed by a discussion of recent research progress in carbon-based RAMs, including carbon blacks, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphite, graphene, and MXene, along with an in-depth examination of the principles and strategies on electromagnetic attenuation characteristics. Hope this review will offer fresh perspectives on the design and fabrication of carbon-based RAMs, thereby fostering a deeper fundamental understanding and promoting practical applications.

Heterostructure Composites of CoS Nanoparticles Decorated on Ti3C2Tx Nanosheets and Their Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Performance

As a typical two-dimensional material, MXene possesses excellent conductivity and tunable interlayer space, which makes it have an impressive development potential in the field of electromagnetic (EM) waves absorbing materials. In this work, we fabricated a sandwich structure CoS@Ti₃C₂T_x composite using a simple solvothermal process. The CoS nanoparticles are anchored on the Ti₃C₂T_x MXene sheets, forming a heterolayered structure. The results demonstrate that the CoS@Ti₃C₂T_x composites with the sandwich-like architecture showed excellent EM absorbing performance due to the synergistic effects of the conductivity loss, interface polarization, and dipole polarization. When the doping ratio was 40 wt %, the maximum reflection loss value of CoS@Ti₃C₂T_x was up to –59.2 dB at 14.6 GHz, and the corresponding effective absorption bandwidth (below –10 dB) reached 5.0 GHz when the thickness was only 2.0 mm. This work endows a new candidate for the design of MXene-based absorption materials with optimal performance.