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Carballo KV, Wang X, Benamara M, Meng X. Effects of cathode loadings and anode protection on the performance of lithium metal batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:075401. [PMID: 37972394 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad0d25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
While lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are approaching their energy limits, lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are undergoing intensive investigation for higher energy density. Coupling LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2(NMC811) cathode with lithium (Li) metal anode, the resultant Li||NMC811 LMBs are among the most promising technologies for future transportation electrification, which have the potential to realize an energy density two times higher than that of state-of-the-art LIBs. To maximize their energy density, the Li||NMC811 LMBs are preferred to have their cathode loading as high as possible while their Li anode as thin as possible. To this end, we investigated the effects of different cathode active material loadings (2-14 mg cm-2) on the performance of the Li||NMC811 LMBs. Our study revealed that the cathode loadings have remarkably affected the cell performance, in terms of capacity retention and sustainable capacity. Cells with high cathode loadings are more liable to fade in capacity, due to more severe formation of the CEI and more sluggish ion transport. In this study, we also verified that the protection of the Li anode is significant for achieving better cell performance. In this regard, our newly developed Li-containing glycerol (LiGL) via molecular layer deposition (MLD) is promising to help boost the cell performance, which was controllably deposited on the Li anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Velasquez Carballo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Mourad Benamara
- Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States of America
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Dong H, Sun D, Xie M, Cai M, Zhang Z, Cai T, Dong W, Huang F. A uniform and high-voltage stable LiTMPO 4 coating layer enabled high performance LiNi 0.8Co 0.15Mn 0.05O 2 towards boosting lithium storage. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12532-12539. [PMID: 35912983 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01296k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
LiTMPO4 materials, such as LiNiPO4, can maintain structural stability and Li+ transport activity up to 4.8 V, showing great potential to stabilize layered nickel-rich cathodes at high voltage. But achieving a uniform LiTMPO4 coating layer remains a great challenge. Herein, an ultrathin and uniform LiTMPO4 layer (mainly LiNiPO4) is successfully coated on the surface of LiNi0.8Co0.15Mn0.05O2 (NMC@LTMP) via utilizing the surface chelation of phytic acid with NMC precursors and a subsequent high-temperature in situ reaction. The reconstructed surface and interface could act as stable paths for Li+ transport and efficient barriers against electrolyte corrosion. Thus, harmful side reactions like solid electrolyte interphase overgrowth, irreversible phase transformation, and metal dissolution are inhibited simultaneously. Impressively, the optimized NMC@LTMP2 cathode exhibits remarkably improved capacity, as high as 215 mA h g-1 at 2.8-4.5 V, with capacity retention of 87.21% after 200 cycles and outstanding rate capability of 140 mA h g-1 at 10C, significantly better than a pristine cathode. Furthermore, a pouch cell assembled with an NMC@LTMP2 cathode and graphite anode also exhibits robust capacity retention of 82.42% after 100 cycles. These results provide useful insights towards enabling the application of NMC cathodes via developing facile modification methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Du Sun
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Miao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingzhi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianxun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China. .,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wujie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Fuqiang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Meng X, Chen Z, Li J, Harrison KL, Lu W, Sun X. Editorial for focus on nanophase materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries and beyond. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:410201. [PMID: 34730108 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac35d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have revolutionized our society in many respects, and we are expecting even more favorable changes in our lifestyles with newer battery technologies. In pursuing such eligible batteries, nanophase materials play some important roles in LIBs and beyond technologies. Stimulated by their beneficial effects of nanophase materials, we initiated this Focus. Excitingly, this Focus collects 13 excellent original research and review articles related to the applications of nanophase materials in various rechargeable batteries, ranging from nanostructured electrode materials, nanoscale interface tailoring, novel separators, computational calculations, and advanced characterizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Arkansas, AR 72701, United States of America
| | - Zonghai Chen
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States of America
| | - Jianlin Li
- Electrification and Energy Infrastructures Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States of America
| | - Katharine L Harrison
- Nanoscale Sciences Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, United States of America
| | - Wenquan Lu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, United States of America
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, ON N6A 6B9, Canada
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Jayasree SS, Nair S, Santhanagopalan D. Nanoscale-engineered LiCoO 2as a high energy cathode for wide temperature lithium-ion battery applications-role of coating chemistry and thickness. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:275403. [PMID: 35349990 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac622c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Extending the charge cutoff voltage of LiCoO2(LCO) beyond 4.2 V is considered as a key parameter to obtain higher energy densities. Following gaps have been identified based on a thorough literature survey especially for higher cutoff voltage of nanoscale engineered LCO cathodes, (i) different metal oxides and metal fluoride surface coatings have been mostly done independently by different groups, (ii) room temperature performance was the focus with limited investigations at high temperature, (iii) nonexistence of low temperature cycling studies and (iv) no reports on high rate capability of LCO beyond 4.5 V (especially at 4.8 V) needs to be investigated. Herein, we report the effect of nanoscale engineering of LCO along with the role of coating chemistry and thickness to study its electrochemical performance at higher voltages and at wide operating temperatures. Surface coating was implemented with different metal oxides and a metal fluoride with tunable thickness. At 4.5 V, 5 wt% Al2O3coated LiCoO2(LCO@Al2O3-5) delivered a reversible capacity of 169 mAh g-1at 100 mA g-1and 151 mAh g-1at high rate of 10 C (2 A g-1) and 72% retention at the end of 500 cycles. At 55 °C, it exhibited better stability over 500 cycles at 5 C and even at -12.5 °C it maintained 72% of its initial capacity after 100 cycles at 200 mA g-1. At 4.8 V cut-off, LCO@Al2O3-5 rendered reversible capacity of 213 mAh g-1at 100 mA g-1, a high value compared to literatures reported for LCO. Also noted that it delivered a capacity of 126 mAh g-1at a current density of 1 A g-1, whereas bare could only exhibit 66 mAh g-1under same testing conditions. Enhanced performance of LCO@Al2O3-5 can be ascribed to the lower charge transfer resistance derived from the stable solid solution formation on the interface.Ex situXRD andex situRaman analysis at different stages of charge/discharge cycles correlates the enhanced performance of LCO@Al2O3-5 with its structural stability and minimal structural degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpasree S Jayasree
- Centre for Nanosciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara Kochi 682 041, India
| | - Shantikumar Nair
- Centre for Nanosciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Ponekkara Kochi 682 041, India
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Liu Y, Wang X, Ghosh SK, Zou M, Zhou H, Xiao X, Meng X. Atomic layer deposition of lithium zirconium oxides for the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2737-2749. [PMID: 35112679 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03600a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently there has been increasing interest to develop lithium-containing films as solid-state electrolytes or surface coatings for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and related systems. In this study, we for the first time investigated the thin film growth of lithium zirconium oxides (LixZryO or LZOs) through combining two individual atomic layer deposition (ALD) processes of ZrO2 and LiOH, i.e., sub-ALD of ZrO2 and LiOH. We revealed that the hygroscopic nature of the LiOH component has a big impact on the growth of LZOs. We found that an increased temperature to 225 °C was more effective than an elongated purge to mitigate the adverse effects of physisorbed H2O. We further discovered that, during the resultant LZO super-ALD processes, the growth of sub-ALD LiOH has been promoted while the growth of sub-ALD ZrO2 has been inhibited. In this study, a suite of instruments has been applied to characterize the LZO super-ALD processes and the resultant LZO films, including in situ quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Furthermore, we applied the resulting LZO films over LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) cathodes in LIBs and demonstrated that the LZO coating films could evidently improve the lithium-ion insertion and extraction rates of the NMC622 electrodes up to 3.4 and 2.6 times, respectively. The LZO-coated NMC622 cathodes exhibited much better performance than the uncoated NMC622 ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. .,College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
| | - Sujan Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. .,The Center for Advanced Surface Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. .,The Center for Advanced Surface Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA.
| | - Xiangbo Meng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA. .,The Center for Advanced Surface Engineering, The University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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