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Liu Y, Duan J, Zhou Q, Zhu L, Liu N, Sun Z. Effective degradation of lindane and its isomers by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma: Synergistic effects of various reactive species. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139607. [PMID: 37480953 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Lindane is a broad-spectrum organochlorine insecticide which has been included in the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) list together with its two hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers. Due to its continuous use in the past decades, the environmental impacts of HCHs are still severe now. Therefore, in the present study, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma was used as an advanced oxidation process for the destruction of HCHs in water. The result indicated that in air-DBD system, over 95.4% of the initial 5 mg L-1 lindane was degraded within 60 min. Moreover, DBD plasma displayed high degradation efficiencies of other HCH isomers including α, β, and δ-HCH. Electron spin resonance spectra, scavenging experiments and theoretical calculations revealed that the synergistic effects of various reactive species were the main reason for the high efficiency of DBD plasma. For instance, both hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and electrons (e-) could initiate the degradation of HCHs, while other reactive species such as 1O2 and ONOOH played important roles in the decomposition of intermediates. Therefore, the present study not only provided an effective approach for the treatment of HCHs, but also revealed the underlying mechanism based on in-depth experimental investigation and theoretical calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jinping Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Luxiang Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Zhuyu Sun
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Lu X, Zhang L, Wang S, Fang Z. Repetitive pulsed gas-liquid discharge in different atmospheres: from discharge characteristics to plasma-liquid interactions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25499-25510. [PMID: 37712354 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01074k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Gas-liquid discharges enable efficient plasma-liquid interactions and thus have promising applications, but many concerns remain unanswered regarding working gas, an important influencing factor. Investigations of a pulsed needle-to-water gas-liquid discharge in Ar, He, and N2 are carried out in this study. Voltage-current waveforms and intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) images were combined to explore discharge modes and evolution processes. Experimental results demonstrate that the Ar tip spark discharge develops all the way to liquid compared with the He and N2 discharges concentrated in the tube, considerably increasing the plasma-liquid interaction efficiency. According to the optical emission spectra (OES), plasma properties are found to be strongly influenced by interactions between gas particles and interfering particles (H2O, etc.). For instance, excess water vapor causes quenching of excited species, resulting in OH (A-X) in Ar and NO (A-X) in N2 concentrated in the middle region with weak discharge. By adding dimethyl sulfoxide, it is demonstrated that OH dominates H2O2 production in Ar and contributes to both NO2- and NO3- generation in Ar and He, whereas in N2 it only affects NO3- generation. This study advances the "bridge building" between practical application and gas-liquid discharge employing different working gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Lu
- College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
| | - Sen Wang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
| | - Zhi Fang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China.
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Zhang H, Xu S, Zhang J, Wang Z, Liu D, Guo L, Cheng C, Cheng Y, Xu D, Kong MG, Rong M, Chu PK. Plasma-activated thermosensitive biogel as an exogenous ROS carrier for post-surgical treatment of cancer. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121057. [PMID: 34399120 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Post-surgical residual tumor cells are the primary cause of relapse and progression of cancer but unfortunately, there are limited therapeutic options. In this work, a fillable plasma-activated biogel is produced on a thermosensitive biogel [(Poly-DL-lactide)-(poly-ethylene glycol)-(poly-DL-lactide), PLEL] with the aid of a discharge plasma for local post-operative treatment of cancer. In vivo data show that the plasma-activated PLEL biogel (PAPB) eliminates residual tumor tissues after removal surgery and also inhibits in situ recurrence while showing no evident systemic toxicity. Moreover, the PAPB possesses excellent storage capability, allows for slow release of plasma-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and exhibits good ROS-mediated anticancer effects in vitro. Our results reveal that the novel plasma-activated biogel is an effective therapeutic agent for local post-operative treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Shengduo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Jishen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Dingxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China.
| | - Li Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 1126, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China; Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, And Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yilong Cheng
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Dehui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Michael G Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA
| | - Mingzhe Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, PR China
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, And Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Plasma-Activated Water Promotes Wound Healing by Regulating Inflammatory Responses. BIOPHYSICA 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/biophysica1030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Infection can hinder the process of wound healing, so it is important to begin antibacterial treatment quickly after a wound forms. Plasma activated water (PAW) can inactivate a variety of common wound infection bacteria. In this study, we compared the effects of PAW prepared with portable surface discharge plasma equipment and medical alcohol on wound healing in a mouse full-thickness skin wound model. The effectiveness of wound healing processes in mice was ranked accordingly: PAW treatment group > medical alcohol treatment group > control group. In order to further understand the mechanism of PAW in promoting wound healing, we tested the expression levels of the pro-inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The results showed that PAW promoted the release of pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors from the wounds in mice, which allowed the mice in the treatment group to transition out of the inflammatory period early and enter the next stage of wound healing. The expression level of VEGF in the wounds of mice in the PAW treatment group was higher, which indicates that the microvessels around the wound in the PAW treatment group proliferated faster, and thus the wound healed faster. PAW biosafety experiments showed that PAW did not significantly affect the appearance, morphology, or tissue structure of internal organs, or blood biochemical indicators in mice. In general, PAW prepared via portable devices is expected to become more widely used given its convenience, affordability, and lack of side effects in promoting wound healing.
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Zhang H, Zhang J, Guo B, Chen H, Xu D, Kong MG. The Antitumor Effects of Plasma-Activated Saline on Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells In Vitro and In Vivo Demonstrate Its Feasibility as a Potential Therapeutic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1042. [PMID: 33801297 PMCID: PMC7958317 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a fast-growing and aggressive malignant tumor in urinary system. Since chemotherapy and immunotherapy are only useable with a few MIBC patients, the clinical treatment of MIBC still faces challenges. Here, we examined the feasibility of plasma-activated saline (PAS) as a fledgling therapeutic strategy for MIBC treatment. Our data showed that plasma irradiation could generate a variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in saline. In vivo tests revealed that pericarcinomatous tissue injection with PAS was effective at preventing subcutaneous bladder tumor growth, with no side effects to the visceral organs after long-term administration, as well as having no obvious influence on the various biochemistry indices of the blood in mice. The in vitro studies indicated that adding 30% PAS in cell culture media causes oxidative damage to the bladder transitional cells T24 and J82 through enhancing the intracellular ROS level, and eventually induces cancer cells' apoptosis by activating the ROS-mediated Fas/CD95 pathway. Therefore, for an intracavity tumor, these initial observations suggest that the soaking of the tumor tissue with PAS by intravesical perfusion may be a novel treatment option for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Jishen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Bo Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Hailan Chen
- Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA;
| | - Dehui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (H.Z.); (J.Z.); (B.G.)
| | - Michael G. Kong
- Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA;
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
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Xu D, Wang S, Li B, Qi M, Feng R, Li Q, Zhang H, Chen H, Kong MG. Effects of Plasma-Activated Water on Skin Wound Healing in Mice. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1091. [PMID: 32708347 PMCID: PMC7409103 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been widely used in biomedicine during the last two decades. While direct plasma treatment has been reported to promote wound healing, its application can be uneven and inconvenient. In this study, we first activated water with a portable dielectric barrier discharge plasma device and evaluated the inactivation effect of plasma-activated water (PAW) on several kinds of bacteria that commonly infect wounds. The results show that PAW can effectively inactivate these bacteria. Then, we activated tap water and examined the efficacy of PAW on wound healing in a mouse model of full-thickness skin wounds. We found that wound healing in mice treated with PAW was significantly faster compared with the control group. Histological analysis of the skin tissue of mice wounds showed a significant reduction in the number of inflammatory cells in the PAW treatment group. To identify the possible mechanism by which PAW promotes wound healing, we analyzed changes in the profiles of wound bacteria after PAW treatment. The results show that PAW can significantly reduce the abundance of wound bacteria in the treatment group. The results of biochemical blood tests and histological analysis of major internal organs in the mice show that PAW had no obvious side effects. Taken together, these results indicate that PAW may be a new and effective method for promoting wound healing without side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (R.F.); (Q.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Shuai Wang
- The school of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (S.W.); (B.L.); (M.Q.)
| | - Bing Li
- The school of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (S.W.); (B.L.); (M.Q.)
| | - Miao Qi
- The school of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (S.W.); (B.L.); (M.Q.)
| | - Rui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (R.F.); (Q.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Qiaosong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (R.F.); (Q.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (R.F.); (Q.L.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hailan Chen
- Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA;
| | - Michael G Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Centre for Plasma Biomedicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China; (R.F.); (Q.L.); (H.Z.)
- Frank Reidy Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA;
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
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Aqueous Gold Nanoparticles Generated by AC and Pulse-Power-Driven Plasma Jet. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101488. [PMID: 31635404 PMCID: PMC6835781 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a simple-to-use approach based on an atmospheric pressure plasma jet to synthesize aqueous Au nanoparticles (AuNP). Special attention was paid to the different reaction dynamics and AuNP properties under AC and pulse-power-driven plasma jets (A-Jet and P-Jet, respectively). The morphology of the AuNP, optical emissions, and chemical reactions were analyzed. Further, a copper mesh was placed above the reaction cell to evaluate the role of electrons and neutral species reduction. A visible color change was observed after the A-Jet treatment for 30 s, while it took 3 min for the P-Jet. The A-Jet treatment presented a much higher AuNP growth rate and a smaller AuNP diameter compared with the P-Jet treatment. Further analysis revealed an increase in chemical concentrations (Cl− and H2O2) and liquid conductivity after plasma treatment, with a higher increased amplitude for the A-Jet case. Moreover, the electrons alone had little effect on AuNP generation, while neutral species showed a clear Au+ reduction effect, and a unique coupling effect between both reactions was observed. The different reaction dynamics between the A-Jet and P-Jet were attributed to their different local heating effects and different discharge power during the reaction.
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