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Peters MM, Brister JK, Tang EM, Zhang FW, Lucian VM, Trackey PD, Bone Z, Zimmerman JF, Jin Q, Burpo FJ, Parker KK. Self-organizing behaviors of cardiovascular cells on synthetic nanofiber scaffolds. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:046114. [PMID: 38046543 PMCID: PMC10693444 DOI: 10.1063/5.0172423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In tissues and organs, the extracellular matrix (ECM) helps maintain inter- and intracellular architectures that sustain the structure-function relationships defining physiological homeostasis. Combining fiber scaffolds and cells to form engineered tissues is a means of replicating these relationships. Engineered tissues' fiber scaffolds are designed to mimic the topology and chemical composition of the ECM network. Here, we asked how cells found in the heart compare in their propensity to align their cytoskeleton and self-organize in response to topological cues in fibrous scaffolds. We studied cardiomyocytes, valvular interstitial cells, and vascular endothelial cells as they adapted their inter- and intracellular architectures to the extracellular space. We used focused rotary jet spinning to manufacture aligned fibrous scaffolds to mimic the length scale and three-dimensional (3D) nature of the native ECM in the muscular, valvular, and vascular tissues of the heart. The representative cardiovascular cell types were seeded onto fiber scaffolds and infiltrated the fibrous network. We measured different cell types' propensity for cytoskeletal alignment in response to fiber scaffolds with differing levels of anisotropy. The results indicated that valvular interstitial cells on moderately anisotropic substrates have a higher propensity for cytoskeletal alignment than cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells. However, all cell types displayed similar levels of alignment on more extreme (isotropic and highly anisotropic) fiber scaffold organizations. These data suggest that in the hierarchy of signals that dictate the spatiotemporal organization of a tissue, geometric cues within the ECM and cellular networks may homogenize behaviors across cell populations and demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M. Peters
- Disease Biophysics Group, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02134, USA
| | - Jackson K. Brister
- Disease Biophysics Group, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02134, USA
| | - Edward M. Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, USA
| | - Felita W. Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, USA
| | - Veronica M. Lucian
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, USA
| | - Paul D. Trackey
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, USA
| | - Zachary Bone
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, USA
| | - John F. Zimmerman
- Disease Biophysics Group, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02134, USA
| | - Qianru Jin
- Disease Biophysics Group, Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02134, USA
| | - F. John Burpo
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, United States Military Academy, West Point, New York 10996, USA
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Wang X, Li N, Zhang Z, Qin K, Zhang H, Shao S, Liu B. Visualization of Cell Membrane Tension Regulated by the Microfilaments as a "Shock Absorber" in Micropatterned Cells. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:889. [PMID: 37372173 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular stress signal transmits along the cell membrane-cytoskeleton-focal adhesions (FAs) complex, regulating the cell function through membrane tension. However, the mechanism of the complex regulating membrane tension is still unclear. This study designed polydimethylsiloxane stamps with specific shapes to change the actin filaments' arrangement and FAs' distribution artificially in live cells, visualized the membrane tension in real time, and introduced the concept of information entropy to describe the order degree of the actin filaments and plasma membrane tension. The results showed that the actin filaments' arrangement and FAs' distribution in the patterned cells were changed significantly. The hypertonic solution resulted in the plasma membrane tension of the pattern cell changing more evenly and slowly in the zone rich in cytoskeletal filaments than in the zone lacking filaments. In addition, the membrane tension changed less in the adhesive area than in the non-adhesive area when destroying the cytoskeletal microfilaments. This suggested that patterned cells accumulated more actin filaments in the zone where FAs were difficult to generate to maintain the stability of the overall membrane tension. The actin filaments act as shock absorbers to cushion the alternation in membrane tension without changing the final value of membrane tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianmeng Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhengyao Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Kairong Qin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hangyu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shuai Shao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bo Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Integrated Circuit and Biomedical Electronic System, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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Shamloo A, Asadbegi M, Khandan V, Amanzadi A. Designing a new multifunctional peptide for metal chelation and Aβ inhibition. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 653:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Mehrafrooz B, Shamloo A. Mechanical differences between ATP and ADP actin states: A molecular dynamics study. J Theor Biol 2018; 448:94-103. [PMID: 29634959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper aims to give a comprehensive atomistic modeling of the nanomechanical behavior of actin monomer. Actin is a ubiquitous and essential component of cytoskeleton which forms many different cellular structures. Despite for several years great effort has been devoted to the investigation of mechanical properties of the actin filament, studies on the nanomechanical behavior of actin monomer are still lacking. These scales are, however, important for a complete understanding of the role of actin as an important component in the cytoskeleton structure. Based on the accuracy of atomistic modeling methods such as molecular dynamics simulations, steered molecular dynamics method is performed to assess tension of monomeric G-actin molecule under different types of mechanical loading including axial and lateral. As a result, stress-strain curves are obtained in aqueous solution, with either ATP or ADP bound in the nucleotide binding pocket. The obtained results yield evaluation of the tensile stiffness of a single actin monomer in lateral and normal direction. In order to compare the behavior of ATP and ADP G-actins, the number of hydrogen bonds and nonbonded interactions between the nucleotide and the protein are analyzed. Moreover, The effect of virtual spring of steered molecular dynamics on the mechanical behavior of actin monomer is investigated. The results reveal increasing the virtual spring constant leads to convergence of the stiffness. Moreover, in this paper, a generalized model is proposed to extend the obtained results for the monomeric G-actin scale to the actin filament. Our modeling estimated a persistence length of actin filament 15.41 µm, close to experimental measurements. Moreover, In this paper, the breaking force actin-actin bond is evaluated using steered molecular dynamics simulation. By applying a tensile force, actin-actin bond ruptured at 4197.5 pN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mehrafrooz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
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Margination and adhesion of micro- and nanoparticles in the coronary circulation: a step towards optimised drug carrier design. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2017; 17:205-221. [DOI: 10.1007/s10237-017-0955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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