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Cardona-Álvarez YN, Álvarez-Meza AM, Cárdenas-Peña DA, Castaño-Duque GA, Castellanos-Dominguez G. A Novel OpenBCI Framework for EEG-Based Neurophysiological Experiments. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3763. [PMID: 37050823 PMCID: PMC10098804 DOI: 10.3390/s23073763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
An Open Brain-Computer Interface (OpenBCI) provides unparalleled freedom and flexibility through open-source hardware and firmware at a low-cost implementation. It exploits robust hardware platforms and powerful software development kits to create customized drivers with advanced capabilities. Still, several restrictions may significantly reduce the performance of OpenBCI. These limitations include the need for more effective communication between computers and peripheral devices and more flexibility for fast settings under specific protocols for neurophysiological data. This paper describes a flexible and scalable OpenBCI framework for electroencephalographic (EEG) data experiments using the Cyton acquisition board with updated drivers to maximize the hardware benefits of ADS1299 platforms. The framework handles distributed computing tasks and supports multiple sampling rates, communication protocols, free electrode placement, and single marker synchronization. As a result, the OpenBCI system delivers real-time feedback and controlled execution of EEG-based clinical protocols for implementing the steps of neural recording, decoding, stimulation, and real-time analysis. In addition, the system incorporates automatic background configuration and user-friendly widgets for stimuli delivery. Motor imagery tests the closed-loop BCI designed to enable real-time streaming within the required latency and jitter ranges. Therefore, the presented framework offers a promising solution for tailored neurophysiological data processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Germán Albeiro Castaño-Duque
- Cultura de la Calidad en la Educación Research Group, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales 170003, Colombia
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Zhang XY, Li J, Li CJ, Lin YQ, Huang CH, Zheng X, Song XC, Tu ZC, Li XJ, Yan S. Differential development and electrophysiological activity in cultured cortical neurons from the mouse and cynomolgus monkey. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:2446-2452. [PMID: 33907033 PMCID: PMC8374592 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.313056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro cultures of primary cortical neurons are widely used to investigate neuronal function. However, it has yet to be fully investigated whether there are significant differences in development and function between cultured rodent and primate cortical neurons, and whether these differences influence the utilization of cultured cortical neurons to model pathological conditions. Using in vitro culture techniques combined with immunofluorescence and electrophysiological methods, our study found that the development and maturation of primary cerebral cortical neurons from cynomolgus monkeys were slower than those from mice. We used a microelectrode array technique to compare the electrophysiological differences in cortical neurons, and found that primary cortical neurons from the mouse brain began to show electrical activity earlier than those from the cynomolgus monkey. Although cultured monkey cortical neurons developed slowly in vitro, they exhibited typical pathological features-revealed by immunofluorescent staining-when infected with adeno-associated viral vectors expressing mutant huntingtin (HTT), the Huntington's disease protein. A quantitative analysis of the cultured monkey cortical neurons also confirmed that mutant HTT significantly reduced the length of neurites. Therefore, compared with the primary cortical neurons of mice, cultured monkey cortical neurons have longer developmental and survival times and greater sustained physiological activity, such as electrophysiological activity. Our findings also suggest that primary cynomolgus monkey neurons cultured in vitro can simulate a cell model of human neurodegenerative disease, and may be useful for investigating time-dependent neuronal death as well as treatment via neuronal regeneration. All mouse experiments and protocols were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Jinan University of China (IACUC Approval No. 20200512-04) on May 12, 2020. All monkey experiments were approved by the IACUC protocol (IACUC Approval No. LDACU 20190820-01) on August 23, 2019 for animal management and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Cai-Juan Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying-Qi Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chun-Hui Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi-Chen Song
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhu-Chi Tu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Models, Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration; Key Laboratory of CNS Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Stiller AM, Usoro JO, Lawson J, Araya B, González-González MA, Danda VR, Voit WE, Black BJ, Pancrazio JJ. Mechanically Robust, Softening Shape Memory Polymer Probes for Intracortical Recording. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E619. [PMID: 32630553 PMCID: PMC7344527 DOI: 10.3390/mi11060619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
While intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEAs) may be useful in a variety of basic and clinical scenarios, their implementation is hindered by a variety of factors, many of which are related to the stiff material composition of the device. MEAs are often fabricated from high modulus materials such as silicon, leaving devices vulnerable to brittle fracture and thus complicating device fabrication and handling. For this reason, polymer-based devices are being heavily investigated; however, their implementation is often difficult due to mechanical instability that requires insertion aids during implantation. In this study, we design and fabricate intracortical MEAs from a shape memory polymer (SMP) substrate that remains stiff at room temperature but softens to 20 MPa after implantation, therefore allowing the device to be implanted without aids. We demonstrate chronic recordings and electrochemical measurements for 16 weeks in rat cortex and show that the devices are robust to physical deformation, therefore making them advantageous for surgical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M. Stiller
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (J.O.U.); (J.L.); (B.A.); (W.E.V.); (B.J.B.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Joshua O. Usoro
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (J.O.U.); (J.L.); (B.A.); (W.E.V.); (B.J.B.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Jennifer Lawson
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (J.O.U.); (J.L.); (B.A.); (W.E.V.); (B.J.B.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Betsiti Araya
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (J.O.U.); (J.L.); (B.A.); (W.E.V.); (B.J.B.); (J.J.P.)
| | | | | | - Walter E. Voit
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (J.O.U.); (J.L.); (B.A.); (W.E.V.); (B.J.B.); (J.J.P.)
- Qualia, Inc., Dallas, TX 75252, USA;
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Bryan J. Black
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (J.O.U.); (J.L.); (B.A.); (W.E.V.); (B.J.B.); (J.J.P.)
| | - Joseph J. Pancrazio
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA; (J.O.U.); (J.L.); (B.A.); (W.E.V.); (B.J.B.); (J.J.P.)
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