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Hatami-Fard G, Anastasova-Ivanova S. Advancements in Cerebrospinal Fluid Biosensors: Bridging the Gap from Early Diagnosis to the Detection of Rare Diseases. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3294. [PMID: 38894085 PMCID: PMC11174891 DOI: 10.3390/s24113294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a body fluid that can be used for the diagnosis of various diseases. However, CSF collection requires an invasive and painful procedure called a lumbar puncture (LP). This procedure is applied to any patient with a known risk of central nervous system (CNS) damage or neurodegenerative disease, regardless of their age range. Hence, this can be a very painful procedure, especially in infants and elderly patients. On the other hand, the detection of disease biomarkers in CSF makes diagnoses as accurate as possible. This review aims to explore novel electrochemical biosensing platforms that have impacted biomedical science. Biosensors have emerged as techniques to accelerate the detection of known biomarkers in body fluids such as CSF. Biosensors can be designed and modified in various ways and shapes according to their ultimate applications to detect and quantify biomarkers of interest. This process can also significantly influence the detection and diagnosis of CSF. Hence, it is important to understand the role of this technology in the rapidly progressing field of biomedical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Hatami-Fard
- The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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García-Guzmán JJ, Sierra-Padilla A, Palacios-Santander JM, Fernández-Alba JJ, Macías CG, Cubillana-Aguilera L. What Is Left for Real-Life Lactate Monitoring? Current Advances in Electrochemical Lactate (Bio)Sensors for Agrifood and Biomedical Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:919. [PMID: 36354428 PMCID: PMC9688009 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring of lactate is spreading from the evident clinical environment, where its role as a biomarker is notorious, to the agrifood ambit as well. In the former, lactate concentration can serve as a useful indicator of several diseases (e.g., tumour development and lactic acidosis) and a relevant value in sports performance for athletes, among others. In the latter, the spotlight is placed on the food control, bringing to the table meaningful information such as decaying product detection and stress monitoring of species. No matter what purpose is involved, electrochemical (bio)sensors stand as a solid and suitable choice. However, for the time being, this statement seems to be true only for discrete measurements. The reality exposes that real and continuous lactate monitoring is still a troublesome goal. In this review, a critical overview of electrochemical lactate (bio)sensors for clinical and agrifood situations is performed. Additionally, the transduction possibilities and different sensor designs approaches are also discussed. The main aim is to reflect the current state of the art and to indicate relevant advances (and bottlenecks) to keep in mind for further development and the final achievement of this highly worthy objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José García-Guzmán
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cadiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario ‘Puerta del Mar’, Universidad de Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Alfonso Sierra-Padilla
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
| | - José María Palacios-Santander
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Juan Jesús Fernández-Alba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Carmen González Macías
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Laura Cubillana-Aguilera
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Research on Electron Microscopy and Materials (IMEYMAT), Faculty of Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEIMAR), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, Polígono del Río San Pedro S/N, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
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Review of sensing technologies for measuring powder density variations during pharmaceutical solid dosage form manufacturing. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Crapnell RD, Tridente A, Banks CE, Dempsey-Hibbert NC. Evaluating the Possibility of Translating Technological Advances in Non-Invasive Continuous Lactate Monitoring into Critical Care. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:879. [PMID: 33525567 PMCID: PMC7865822 DOI: 10.3390/s21030879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lactate is widely measured in critically ill patients as a robust indicator of patient deterioration and response to treatment. Plasma concentrations represent a balance between lactate production and clearance. Analysis has typically been performed with the aim of detecting tissue hypoxia. However, there is a diverse range of processes unrelated to increased anaerobic metabolism that result in the accumulation of lactate, complicating clinical interpretation. Further, lactate levels can change rapidly over short spaces of time, and even subtle changes can reflect a profound change in the patient's condition. Hence, there is a significant need for frequent lactate monitoring in critical care. Lactate monitoring is commonplace in sports performance monitoring, given the elevation of lactate during anaerobic exercise. The desire to continuously monitor lactate in athletes has led to the development of various technological approaches for non-invasive, continuous lactate measurements. This review aims firstly to reflect on the potential benefits of non-invasive continuous monitoring technology within the critical care setting. Secondly, we review the current devices used to measure lactate non-invasively outside of this setting and consider the challenges that must be overcome to allow for the translation of this technology into intensive care medicine. This review will be of interest to those developing continuous monitoring sensors, opening up a new field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Crapnell
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
| | - Ascanio Tridente
- Intensive Care Unit, Whiston Hospital, St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Warrington Road, Prescot L35 5DR, UK;
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
| | - Nina C. Dempsey-Hibbert
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
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Mason A, Korostynska O, Louis J, Cordova-Lopez LE, Abdullah B, Greene J, Connell R, Hopkins J. Noninvasive In-Situ Measurement of Blood Lactate Using Microwave Sensors. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2017. [PMID: 28622665 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2017.2715071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
GOAL This paper reports a novel electromagnetic sensor technique for real-time noninvasive monitoring of blood lactate in human subjects. METHODS The technique was demonstrated on 34 participants who undertook a cycling regime, with rest period before and after, to produce a rising and falling lactate response curve. Sensors attached to the arm and legs of participants gathered spectral data, blood samples were measured using a Lactate Pro V2; temperature and heart rate data was also collected. RESULTS Pointwise mutual information and neural networks are used to produce a predictive model. The model shows a good correlation between the standard invasive and novel noninvasive electromagnetic wave based blood lactate measurements, with an error of 13.4% in the range of 0-12 mmol/L. CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that electromagnetic wave sensors are capable of determining blood lactate level without the need for invasive blood sampling. SIGNIFICANCE Measurement of blood metabolites, such as blood lactate, in real-time and noninvasively in hospital environments will reduce the risk of infection, increase the frequency of measurement and ensure timely intervention only when necessary. In sports, such tools will enhance training of athletes, and enable more effecting training regimes to be prescribed.
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Bravo I, Revenga-Parra M, Pariente F, Lorenzo E. Reagent-Less and Robust Biosensor for Direct Determination of Lactate in Food Samples. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17010144. [PMID: 28098753 PMCID: PMC5298717 DOI: 10.3390/s17010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid is a relevant analyte in the food industry, since it affects the flavor, freshness, and storage quality of several products, such as milk and dairy products, juices, or wines. It is the product of lactose or malo-lactic fermentation. In this work, we developed a lactate biosensor based on the immobilization of lactate oxidase (LOx) onto N,N′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene) -1,2-diaminobenzene Schiff base tetradentate ligand-modified gold nanoparticles (3,4DHS–AuNPs) deposited onto screen-printed carbon electrodes, which exhibit a potent electrocatalytic effect towards hydrogen peroxide oxidation/reduction. 3,4DHS–AuNPs were synthesized within a unique reaction step, in which 3,4DHS acts as reducing/capping/modifier agent for the generation of stable colloidal suspensions of Schiff base ligand–AuNPs assemblies of controlled size. The ligand—in addition to its reduction action—provides a robust coating to gold nanoparticles and a catalytic function. Lactate oxidase (LOx) catalyzes the conversion of l-lactate to pyruvate in the presence of oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide, which is catalytically oxidized at 3,4DHS–AuNPs modified screen-printed carbon electrodes at +0.2 V. The measured electrocatalytic current is directly proportional to the concentration of peroxide, which is related to the amount of lactate present in the sample. The developed biosensor shows a detection limit of 2.6 μM lactate and a sensitivity of 5.1 ± 0.1 μA·mM−1. The utility of the device has been demonstrated by the determination of the lactate content in different matrixes (white wine, beer, and yogurt). The obtained results compare well to those obtained using a standard enzymatic-spectrophotometric assay kit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iria Bravo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Faraday, 9, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Mónica Revenga-Parra
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Faraday, 9, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Félix Pariente
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Faraday, 9, Campus UAM, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
Measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) is critical for the evaluation and management of many neurological and neurosurgical conditions. The invasiveness of ICP measurement limits the frequency with which ICP can be evaluated, hampering the clinical care of patients with ICP disorders. Thus, there has been substantial interest in developing noninvasive methods for the assessment of ICP. Numerous approaches have been applied to the problem, although none seems to represent a complete solution. The goal of this review is to familiarize the reader with the currently available methods to noninvasively evaluate ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beau B Bruce
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Blakey R, Nakouti I, Korostynska O, Mason A, Al-Shamma'a A. Real-Time Monitoring of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Concentration Using a Novel Electromagnetic Sensors Microfluidic Cell Structure. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2013; 60:3291-7. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2013.2268277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Lactate biosensors: current status and outlook. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 406:123-37. [PMID: 24037614 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7307-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Many research efforts over the last few decades have been devoted to sensing lactate as an important analytical target in clinical care, sport medicine, and food processing. Therefore, research in designing lactate sensors is no longer in its infancy and now is more directed toward viable sensors for direct applications. In this review, we provide an overview of the most immediate and relevant developments toward this end, and we discuss and assess common transduction approaches. Further, we critically describe the pros and cons of current commercial lactate sensors and envision how future sensing design may benefit from emerging new technologies.
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Mason A, Korostynska O, Al-Shamma’a AI. Microwave Sensors for Real-Time Nutrients Detection in Water. SMART SENSORS, MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37006-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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