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Esfandiari S, Amid R, Kadkhodazadeh M, Kheiri A. Comparison of the Volume and Histological Properties of Newly Formed Bone after the Application of Three Types of Bone Substitutes in Critical-Sized Bone Defects. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2024; 34:17-27. [PMID: 38305367 DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2023046281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the volume and quality of the newly formed bone following application of two types of xenografts and one synthetic material in bone defects in rabbit calvaria from histological and micro-CT aspects. Four 8-mm defects were created in 12 rabbit calvaria. Three defects were filled with bone substitutes and one was left unfilled as the control group. The newly formed bone was evaluated histologically and also by micro-CT at 8 and 12 weeks after the intervention. The percentage of osteogenesis was comparable in histomor-phometric assessment and micro-CT. Histological analysis showed that the percentage of the newly formed bone was 10.92 ± 5.17%, 14.70 ± 11.02%, 11.47 ± 7.04%, and 9.45 ± 5.18% in groups bovine 1, bovine 2, synthetic, and negative control, respectively after 8 weeks. These values were 33.70 ± 11.48%, 26.30 ± 18.05%, 22.92 ± 6.30%, and 14.82 ± 8.59%, respectively at 12 weeks. The difference in the percentage of the new bone formation at 8 and 12 weeks was not significant in any group (P > 0.05) except for bovine 1 group (P < 0.05). Micro-CT confirmed new bone formation in all groups but according to the micro-CT results, the difference between the control and other groups was significant in this respect (P < 0.05). All bone substitutes enhanced new bone formation compared with the control group. Micro-CT assessment yielded more accurate and different results compared with histological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Esfandiari
- Department of Biology, School of Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Amid
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aida Kheiri
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Du J, Ding H, Fu S, Li D, Yu B. Bismuth-coated 80S15C bioactive glass scaffolds for photothermal antitumor therapy and bone regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1098923. [PMID: 36760751 PMCID: PMC9907359 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1098923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Malignant bone tumors usually occur in young people and have a high mortality and disability rate. Surgical excision commonly results in residual bone tumor cells and large bone defects, and conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy may cause significant side effects. In this study, a bifunctional Bi-BG scaffold for near-infrared (NIR)-activated photothermal ablation of bone tumors and enhanced bone defect regeneration is fabricated. Methods: In this study, we prepared the Bi-BG scaffold by in-situ generation of NIR-absorbing Bi coating on the surface of a 3D-printing bioactive glass (BG) scaffold. SEM was used to analyze the morphological changes of the scaffolds. In addition, the temperature variation was imaged and recorded under 808 nm NIR laser irradiation in real time by an infrared thermal imaging system. Then, the proliferation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and Saos-2 on the scaffolds was examined by CCK-8 assay. ALP activity assay and RT-PCR were performed to test the osteogenic capacity. For in vivo experiments, the nude rat tumor-forming and rat calvarial defect models were established. At 8 weeks after surgery, micro-CT, and histological staining were performed on harvested calvarial samples. Results: The Bi-BG scaffolds have outstanding photothermal performance under the irradiation of 808 nm NIR at different power densities, while no photothermal effects are observed for pure BG scaffolds. The photothermal temperature of the Bi-BG scaffold can be effectively regulated in the range 26-100°C by controlling the NIR power density and irradiation duration. Bi-BG scaffolds not only significantly induces more than 95% of osteosarcoma cell death (Saos-2) in vitro, but also effectively inhibit the growth of bone tumors in vivo. Furthermore, they exhibit excellent capability in promoting osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs and finally enhance new bone formation in the calvarial defects of rats. Conclusion: The Bi-BG scaffolds have bifunctional properties of photothermal antitumor therapy and bone regeneration, which offers an effective method to ablate malignant bone tumors based on photothermal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhang Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huifeng Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyang Fu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dejian Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Dejian Li, ; Bin Yu,
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Dejian Li, ; Bin Yu,
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Chen C, Rehnama M, Kim S, Lee CS, Zhang X, Aghaloo T, Fan J, Lee M. Enhanced Osteoinductivity of Demineralized Bone Matrix with Noggin Suppression in Polymer Matrix. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e202000135. [PMID: 33585837 PMCID: PMC7877805 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Demineralized bone matrix (DBM), a potential alternative to autologous bone-graft, has been increasingly used for clinical bone repair; however, its application in larger defects isn't successful partly due to the rapid dispersion of DBM particles and relatively lower osteoinductivity. Here, a novel strategy is created to complement the osteoinductivity of DBM by incorporating DBM in biopolymer hydrogel combined with the abrogation of BMP antagonism. Combined treatment of DBM + noggin-suppression displays increased osteogenic potency of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in vitro. Injectable chitosan (MeGC)-based hydrogel with heparinization (Hep-MeGC) is further developed to localize and stabilize DBM. Noggin-suppression reveals the significant increase in osteogenesis of hBMSCs in the photopolymerizable Hep-MeGC hydrogels with the encapsulation of DBM. Moreover, the combination of DBM + noggin-suppression in the injectable Hep-MeGC hydrogel displays a robust bone healing in mouse critical-sized calvarial defects in vivo. The mechanistic analysis demonstrates that noggin-suppression increased DBM osteoinductivity by stimulating endogenous BMP/Smad signals. These results have shown promise in DBM's ability as a prominent bone grafting material while being coupled with gene editing mechanism and a localizing three-dimensional scaffold. Together, this approach poses a significant increase in the efficiency of DBM-mediated craniofacial bone repair and dental osteointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
| | - Matthew Rehnama
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
| | - Soyon Kim
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
| | - Chung-Sung Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
| | - Tara Aghaloo
- Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jiabing Fan
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
| | - Min Lee
- Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
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First Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) Response and Safety Evaluation of Fibrous Demineralized Bone Matrix in a Critical Size Femoral Defect Model of the Sprague-Dawley Rat. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13143120. [PMID: 32668732 PMCID: PMC7412543 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of large bone defects is one of the great challenges in contemporary orthopedic and traumatic surgery. Grafts are necessary to support bone healing. A well-established allograft is demineralized bone matrix (DBM) prepared from donated human bone tissue. In this study, a fibrous demineralized bone matrix (f-DBM) with a high surface-to-volume ratio has been analyzed for toxicity and immunogenicity. f-DBM was transplanted to a 5-mm, plate-stabilized, femoral critical-size-bone-defect in Sprague-Dawley (SD)-rats. Healthy animals were used as controls. After two months histology, hematological analyses, immunogenicity as well as serum biochemistry were performed. Evaluation of free radical release and hematological and biochemical analyses showed no significant differences between the control group and recipients of f-DBM. Histologically, there was no evidence of damage to liver and kidney and good bone healing was observed in the f-DBM group. Reactivity against human HLA class I and class II antigens was detected with mostly low fluorescence values both in the serum of untreated and treated animals, reflecting rather a background reaction. Taken together, these results provide evidence for no systemic toxicity and the first proof of no basic immunogenic reaction to bone allograft and no sensitization of the recipient.
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Liu M, Lv Y. Reconstructing Bone with Natural Bone Graft: A Review of In Vivo Studies in Bone Defect Animal Model. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E999. [PMID: 30513940 PMCID: PMC6315600 DOI: 10.3390/nano8120999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects caused by fracture, disease or congenital defect remains a medically important problem to be solved. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a promising approach by providing scaffolds to guide and support the treatment of bone defects. However, the autologous bone graft has many defects such as limited sources and long surgical procedures. Therefore, xenograft bone graft is considered as one of the best substitutions and has been effectively used in clinical practice. Due to better preserved natural bone structure, suitable mechanical properties, low immunogenicity, good osteoinductivity and osteoconductivity in natural bone graft, decellularized and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds were selected and discussed in the present review. In vivo animal models provide a complex physiological environment for understanding and evaluating material properties and provide important reference data for clinical trials. The purpose of this review is to outline the in vivo bone regeneration and remodeling capabilities of decellularized and DBM scaffolds in bone defect models to better evaluate the potential of these two types of scaffolds in BTE. Taking into account the limitations of the state-of-the-art technology, the results of the animal bone defect model also provide important information for future design of natural bone composite scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
- Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yonggang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
- Mechanobiology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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Sun BY, Zhao BX, Zhu JY, Sun ZP, Shi YA, Huang F. Role of TGF‑β1 expressed in bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells in promoting bone formation in a rabbit femoral defect model. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:897-904. [PMID: 29786743 PMCID: PMC6034935 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects represent a major clinical and socioeconomic problem without suitable treatment options. Previous studies have shown that transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‑β1) is important in the development of various diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of rabbit bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) expressing TGF‑β1 in the treatment of rabbit femoral defects. First, rabbit BMSCs were identified and cultured. TGF‑β1 was then stably overexpressed in the rabbit BMSCs by lentivirus transfection, which was expressed at a high level in the femoral defects treated with TGF‑β1‑overexpressing BMSCs, compared with PBS‑treated controls. In addition, the TGF‑β1‑overexpressing BMSCs promoted new bone formation in the rabbit femoral defect model, and increased the expression of bone‑related markers at week 2 and week 6. Therefore, the study demonstrated that BMSCs overexpressing TGF‑β1 may provide a novel therapeutic option for femoral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Yin Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Xiang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Jie-Ying Zhu
- Department of Substance Dependence, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, Guangdong 510370, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Ping Sun
- Physical Examination Center, The Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Provence, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, P.R. China
| | - Yong-An Shi
- Department of Microsurgery II, Wendeng Hospital of Traditional Chinese of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Shandong, Wendeng, Shandong 264400, P.R. China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, P.R. China
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He B, Zhao J, Ou Y, Jiang D. Biofunctionalized peptide nanofiber-based composite scaffolds for bone regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 90:728-738. [PMID: 29853144 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue had moderate self-healing capabilities, but biomaterial scaffolds were required for the repair of some defects such as large bone defects. Peptide nanofiber scaffolds demonstrated important potential in regenerative medicine. Functional modification and controlled release of signal molecules were two significant approaches to increase the bioactivity of biofunctionalized peptide nanofiber scaffolds, but peptide scaffolds were limited by insufficient mechanical strength. Thus, it was necessary to combine peptide scaffolds with other materials including polymers, hydroxyapatite, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and metal materials based on the requirement of different bone defects. As the development of peptide-based composite scaffolds continued to evolve, ultimate translation to the clinical environment may allow for improved therapeutic outcomes for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jinqiu Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yunsheng Ou
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Dianming Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Shi J, Sun J, Zhang W, Liang H, Shi Q, Li X, Chen Y, Zhuang Y, Dai J. Demineralized Bone Matrix Scaffolds Modified by CBD-SDF-1α Promote Bone Regeneration via Recruiting Endogenous Stem Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:27511-27522. [PMID: 27686136 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The reconstruction of bone usually depends on substitute transplantation, which has drawbacks including the limited bone substitutes available, comorbidity, immune rejection, and limited endogenous bone regeneration. Here, we constructed a functionalized bone substitute by combining application of the demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and collagen-binding stromal-cell-derived factor-1α (CBD-SDF-1α). DBM was a poriferous and biodegradable bone substitute, derived from bovine bone and consisting mainly of collagen. CBD-SDF-1α could bind to collagen and be controllably released from the DBM to mobilize stem cells. In a rat femur defect model, CBD-SDF-1α-modified DBM scaffolds could efficiently mobilize CD34+ and c-kit+ endogenous stem cells homing to the injured site at 3 days after implantation. According to the data from micro-CT, CBD-SDF-1α-modified DBM scaffolds could help the bone defects rejoin with mineralization accumulated and bone volume expanded. Interestingly, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and osteopontin (OPN) were highly expressed in CBD-SDF-1α group at an early time after implantation, while osteocalcin (OCN) was more expanded. H&E and Masson's trichrome staining showed that the CBD-SDF-1α-modified DBM scaffold group had more osteoblasts and that the bone defect rejoined earlier. The ultimate strength of the regenerated bone was investigated by three-point bending, showing that the CBD-SDF-1α group had superior strength. In conclusion, CBD-SDF-1α-modified DBM scaffolds could promote bone regeneration by recruiting endogenous stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Shi
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
- School of Nano Technology and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Orthopedic Institute, Soochow University , Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Orthopedic Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University , Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Suzhou Key Laboratory for Nanotheranostics, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
- Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University , Chongqing 400038, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101, China
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Abstract
Bone defects do not heal in 5-10% of the fractures. In order to enhance bone regeneration, drug delivery systems are needed. They comprise a scaffold with or without inducing factors and/or cells. To test these drug delivery systems before application in patients, they finally need to be tested in animal models. The choice of animal model depends on the main research question; is a functional or mechanistic evaluation needed? Furthermore, which type of bone defects are investigated: load-bearing (i.e. orthopedic) or non-load-bearing (i.e. craniomaxillofacial)? This determines the type of model and in which type of animal. The experiments need to be set-up using the 3R principle and must be reported following the ARRIVE guidelines.
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