Effect of a single brushing with two Zn-containing toothpastes on VSC in morning breath: a 12 h, randomized, double-blind, cross-over clinical study

Case-control study related to the use of L-Cysteine in the differential diagnosis of halitosis

Halitosis is characterized by a foul, unpleasant breath that emanates from the oral cavity due to local or systemic conditions. Approximately 90% of offensive odors are caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). L-Cysteine, used as a test solution to control bad breath, induces the formation of VSCs and serves as a preliminary rinse. the study aim was to investigate the effectiveness of L-cysteine solution in differentiating the origin of halitosis using a gas chromatography apparatus. Methods: In total, 37 patients with an average age of 49.56 years were evaluated and divided into two groups: halimetry before the use of L-cysteine (n = 37) and halimetry after the use of L-cysteine (n = 37). Patients over 18 years of age, without severe systemic health impairment or infectious/contagious diseases, and who did not use medicines that influenced their breath were included. halimetry was performed using the OralCroma™ device. In the halimetry before the use of L-cysteine group, 5.40%,10.81%, and 67.56% of the patients had high levels of sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide, respectively. After the use of L-cysteine, 48.64%, 8.10%, and 27.02% of the patients had high levels of sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide. In this study, L-cysteine proved to be important for the assessment of halitosis and effective in differentiating the origin of halitosis; therefore, this compound could be used for the differential diagnosis of halitosis origin using the OralChroma™ device.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Lacer HaliTM Treatment on the Management of Halitosis: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Background: Halitosis of oral origin is very common in the general population. Due to their antimicrobial properties, chlorhexidine-based products are widely used in the management of this condition, but these are associated with reversible side effects. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of Lacer Hali^TM mouthrinse and toothpaste in subjects with intraoral halitosis after several applications under normal conditions of use. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial with mouth rinse and toothpaste, single-center, double-blinded, parallel participants were assigned to an experimental group (Lacer Hali^TM,, n = 20), a positive control group (Halita^TM, n = 20), and a placebo group (n = 20). The active duration of the study was 18 days. The clinical follow-up evaluations were performed at five time points (T0, T1, T2, T3, and T4). The intensity of halitosis was evaluated by organoleptic measurement and the portable gas chromatograph OralChroma^TM. The data were analyzed using generalized mixed linear models. Results: Sixty patients completed the study. Lacer Hali^TM, in comparison with Halita^TM, did not show statistically significant differences at any time during the study except for the levels of hydrogen sulfide and total volatile sulfur compounds at 15 days, where Halita^TM was better. Compared to the placebo treatment, Lacer Hali^TM, was significantly more efficient, in terms of both the organoleptic evaluations at 8 days and the levels of hydrogen sulfide. Conclusions: Lacer Hali^TM is an alternative to chlorhexidine-based toothpaste and mouthwashes in the management of halitosis.

Efficacy of different mouthrinse formulations in reducing oral malodour: a randomized clinical trial

AIMS

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of mouthrinses formulations in oral malodour.

MATERIAL & METHODS

This single-centre, double-blind, randomized, parallel group clinical trial compared the efficacy of Halita™ and meridol(®) with and without zinc lactate versus negative and positive control. Volunteers with confirmed oral malodour (18/group) rinsed with one mouthrinse during 7 days (15 ml, 2x/day for 1 min.). 15 min. after a first rinse (masking effect), and after 7 days (therapeutic effect) the change in organoleptic scores and level of sulphur compounds was recorded.

RESULTS

All rinses showed a masking effect (OLS 1 to 2 values reduced), only the rinses with antimicrobial ingredients showed a therapeutic effect (OLS 1 to 1.5 value less). The addition of zinc resulted in a more pronounced masking effect. Halita™ and meridol(®) with zinc showed the best therapeutic effect.

CONCLUSION

Although the masking effect of the rinses can be attributed partially to a dilution and the effect of aromas, the therapeutic effect should be linked to the anti-microbial action of active ingredients and counter action of zinc ions on VSC. A complete resolution of the unpleasant breath by additional mechanical intervention remains to be proven.