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Tuszynska A, Czerwionka K, Obarska-Pempkowiak H. Phosphorus concentration and availability in raw organic waste and post fermentation products. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 278:111468. [PMID: 33152546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the mobility of phosphorus forms in raw organic waste and from the solid and liquid fractions of digestate. To achieve the purpose of this study, the components (including livestock manure, agricultural waste, food waste, sewage sludge) and their post fermentation products were considered. Subsequently, the effect of the fermentation process on the mobility of phosphorus forms in post-fermentation fractions (solid and liquid) was investigated. Then, the evaluation of the fertilising potential of digestate fractions was assessed. The available organic and inorganic phosphorus forms were determined according to the Standards in Measurements and Testing (SMT) Programme extraction protocol and according to the acid molybdate spectrophotometric method. It has been shown that phosphorus in digestates occurred mainly in inorganic forms with Fe, Al, Mn, Mg and Ca ions. Its proportion in relation to total phosphorus ranged from 80 to 90%. The lowest phosphorus content was found in digestate from the fermentation of agricultural and food waste (fruit and vegetables), while digestate from livestock manure and sewage sludge fermentation was rich in phosphorus. It was shown that the solid fractions of digestate represented from 30 to 70% of highly labile phosphorus (i.e. phosphorus with organic matter and in bonds with Al, Fe, Mg and Mn oxides and hydroxides) in relation to total phosphorus. However, the share of labile phosphorus forms in the liquid fraction of digestates was much higher and accounted for 80-90% of the total phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Tuszynska
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czerwionka
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Hanna Obarska-Pempkowiak
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
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Struvite Precipitation for Sustainable Recovery of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Anaerobic Digestion Effluents of Swine Manure. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12208574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we propose the application of struvite precipitation for the sustainable recovery of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) from anaerobic digestion (AD) effluents derived from swine manure. The optimal conditions for four major factors that affect the recovery of N and P were derived by conducting batch experiments on AD effluents obtained from four AD facilities. The optimal conditions were a pH of 10.0, NH4-N:Mg:PO4-P molar ratio of 1:1.4:1, mixing intensity of 240 s−1, and mixing duration of 2 min. Under these optimal conditions, the removal efficiencies of NH4-N and PO4-P were approximately 74% and 83%, respectively, whereas those of Cu and Zn were approximately 74% and 79%, respectively. Herein, a model for swine manure treatment that incorporates AD, struvite precipitation, and biological treatment processes is proposed. We applied this model to 85 public biological treatment facilities in South Korea and recovered 4722 and 51 tons/yr of NH4-N and PO4-P, respectively. The economic analysis of the proposed model’s performance predicts a lack of profitability due to the high cost of chemicals; however, this analysis does not consider the resulting protection of the hydrological environment. Field-scale studies should be conducted in future to prove the effectiveness of the model.
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Wang P, Li J, Zhang X, Lu X, Liu Q, Zhang T, Cheng W, Ma J. Utilization of Bidirectional Cation Transport in a Thin Film Composite Membrane: Selective Removal and Reclamation of Ammonium from Synthetic Digested Sludge Centrate via an Osmosis-Distillation Hybrid Membrane Process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:10313-10322. [PMID: 32706970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Selective removal and resource recovery of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) from high-strength ammonium waste streams is of practical importance for biological wastewater treatment and environmental protection. In this study, we demonstrate the simultaneous removal and reclamation of ammonium from synthetic digested sludge centrate via a novel osmosis-distillation hybrid membrane (ODHM) process. Using NaHCO3 as the draw solute, ammonium diffuses from the synthetic centrate to the draw solution by utilizing the bidirectional cation transport nature of the thin film composite (TFC) membrane. Then, NH4+ is converted to gaseous NH3 at 60 °C and recovered by a sweeping gas membrane distillation (SGMD) process. Herein, the bidirectional transport of monovalent cations in the osmotic process, selectivity of TFC membranes for different cations, and recovery of the draw solution following the extraction of ammonia through the SGMD process were systematically investigated. The removal of NH4+-N from the synthetic centrate achieved 21.34% during a 6-h continuous operation of the ODHM system, with ammonium fluxes through the TFC and SGMD membranes at 1.39 and 0.57 mol m-2 h-1, respectively. A secondary interfacial polymerization was proposed to further enhance ammonium transport through the TFC membrane. Results reported here highlight the potential of the ODHM process for the selective removal and reclamation of ammonium from ammonium-rich waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizhi Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ji Li
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Application and Environmental Pollution Control, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xinglin Lu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8286, United States
| | - Qianliang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Technology of College of Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Wei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
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