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Tamo AK. Nanocellulose-based hydrogels as versatile materials with interesting functional properties for tissue engineering applications. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:7692-7759. [PMID: 38805188 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has emerged as a remarkable field aiming to restore or replace damaged tissues through the use of biomimetic constructs. Among the diverse materials investigated for this purpose, nanocellulose-based hydrogels have garnered attention due to their intriguing biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and sustainability. Over the past few years, numerous research works have been published focusing on the successful use of nanocellulose-based hydrogels as artificial extracellular matrices for regenerating various types of tissues. The review emphasizes the importance of tissue engineering, highlighting hydrogels as biomimetic scaffolds, and specifically focuses on the role of nanocellulose in composites that mimic the structures, properties, and functions of the native extracellular matrix for regenerating damaged tissues. It also summarizes the types of nanocellulose, as well as their structural, mechanical, and biological properties, and their contributions to enhancing the properties and characteristics of functional hydrogels for tissue engineering of skin, bone, cartilage, heart, nerves and blood vessels. Additionally, recent advancements in the application of nanocellulose-based hydrogels for tissue engineering have been evaluated and documented. The review also addresses the challenges encountered in their fabrication while exploring the potential future prospects of these hydrogel matrices for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Kamdem Tamo
- Institute of Microsystems Engineering IMTEK, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies FIT, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center FMF, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, CNRS, UMR 5223, 69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
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Utoiu E, Manoiu VS, Oprita EI, Craciunescu O. Bacterial Cellulose: A Sustainable Source for Hydrogels and 3D-Printed Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Gels 2024; 10:387. [PMID: 38920933 PMCID: PMC11203293 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose is a biocompatible biomaterial with a unique macromolecular structure. Unlike plant-derived cellulose, bacterial cellulose is produced by certain bacteria, resulting in a sustainable material consisting of self-assembled nanostructured fibers with high crystallinity. Due to its purity, bacterial cellulose is appealing for biomedical applications and has raised increasing interest, particularly in the context of 3D printing for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. Bacterial cellulose can serve as an excellent bioink in 3D printing, due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ability to mimic the collagen fibrils from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissues. Its nanofibrillar structure provides a suitable scaffold for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation, crucial for tissue regeneration. Moreover, its mechanical strength and flexibility allow for the precise printing of complex tissue structures. Bacterial cellulose itself has no antimicrobial activity, but due to its ideal structure, it serves as matrix for other bioactive molecules, resulting in a hybrid product with antimicrobial properties, particularly advantageous in the management of chronic wounds healing process. Overall, this unique combination of properties makes bacterial cellulose a promising material for manufacturing hydrogels and 3D-printed scaffolds, advancing the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena Iulia Oprita
- National Institute of R&D for Biological Sciences, 296, Splaiul Independentei, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (E.U.); (V.S.M.); (O.C.)
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Jabbour R, Kang JS, Sobhi HF. Effect of Quorum Sensing Molecules on the Quality of Bacterial Nanocellulose Materials. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:20003-20011. [PMID: 38737048 PMCID: PMC11079910 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) biofilms, produced by various bacterial species, such as Gluconacetobacter xylinus, represent a highly promising multifunctional material characterized by distinctive physiochemical properties. These biofilms have demonstrated remarkable versatility as nano biomaterials, finding extensive applications across medical, defense, electronics, optics, and food industries. In contrast to plant cellulose, BNC biofilms exhibit numerous advantages, including elevated purity and crystallinity, expansive surface area, robustness, and excellent biocompatibility, making them exceptional multifunctional materials. However, their production with consistent morphological properties and their transformation into practical forms present challenges. This difficulty often arises from the heterogeneity in cell density, which is influenced by the presence of N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) serving as quorum sensing signaling molecules during the biosynthesis of BNC biofilms. In this study, we employed surface characterization methodologies including scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy to characterize BNC biofilms derived from growth media supplemented with varying concentrations of distinct N-acyl-homoserine lactone signaling molecules. The data obtained through these analytical techniques elucidated that the morphological properties of the BNC biofilms were influenced by the specific AHLs, signaling molecules, introduced into the growth media. These findings lay the groundwork for future exploration of leveraging synthetic biology and biomimetic methods for tailoring BNC with predetermined morphological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabih
E. Jabbour
- U.S.
Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Research & Technology Directorate, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21010, United States
| | - Joshua S. Kang
- Center
for Organic Synthesis, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21216, United States
| | - Hany F. Sobhi
- Center
for Organic Synthesis, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, Baltimore, Maryland 21216, United States
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Yusuf J, Sapuan SM, Ansari MA, Siddiqui VU, Jamal T, Ilyas RA, Hassan MR. Exploring nanocellulose frontiers: A comprehensive review of its extraction, properties, and pioneering applications in the automotive and biomedical industries. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128121. [PMID: 37984579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Material is an inseparable entity for humans to serve different purposes. However, synthetic polymers represent a major category of anthropogenic pollutants with detrimental impacts on natural ecosystems. This escalating environmental issue is characterized by the accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic materials, which pose serious threats to the health of our planet's ecosystem. Cellulose is becoming a focal point for many researchers due to its high availability. It has been used to serve various purposes. Recent scientific advancements have unveiled innovative prospects for the utilization of nanocellulose within the area of advanced science. This comprehensive review investigates deeply into the field of nanocellulose, explaining the methodologies employed in separating nanocellulose from cellulose. It also explains upon two intricately examined applications that emphasize the pivotal role of nanocellulose in nanocomposites. The initial instance pertains to the automotive sector, encompassing cutting-edge applications in electric vehicle (EV) batteries, while the second exemplifies the use of nanocellulose in the field of biomedical applications like otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, and wound dressing. This review aims to provide comprehensive information starting from the definitions, identifying the sources of the nanocellulose and its extraction, and ending with the recent applications in the emerging field such as energy storage and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yusuf
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC) Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S M Sapuan
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC) Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mubashshir Ahmad Ansari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India.
| | - Vasi Uddin Siddiqui
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites (AEMC) Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tarique Jamal
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
| | - R A Ilyas
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - M R Hassan
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Bacterial Cellulose-Based Biofilm Forming Agent Extracted from Vietnamese Nata-de-Coco Tree by Ultrasonic Vibration Method: Structure and Properties. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/7502796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose has recently received more attention in several fields including biology and biomedical applications due to its outstanding physicochemical properties such as thermal stability, biodegradability, good water holding capacity, and high tensile. Cellulose, the most abundant biomolecule on Earth, is available in large amounts in plants. However, cellulose in plants is accompanied by other polymers such as hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin. On the other hand, highly purified bacterial cellulose without impurities is produced by several microorganisms. In which, the most active producer is Acetobacter xylinum. A. This study developed a new process using sonication to isolate bacterial cellulose from nata-de-coco Vietnam. Sonicating time and temperature, two important engineering factors, were considered and discussed (Temperature: 55, 60, 65, 70°C; Time: 15, 30, 60, 90 min). Research results have established that the ultrasonic vibration time of 60 minutes at 65 degrees Celsius gives the best structural properties of BC. The morphology, structural, and thermal properties of the obtained films were investigated by SEM, FTIR, and TGA. Besides, tensile strength was also evaluated. The results show that sonication is not only a favorable technique to isolate cellulose nanofibers but it also enhances their crystallinity.
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Božič A, Šiber A. Mechanics of inactive swelling and bursting of porate pollen grains. Biophys J 2022; 121:782-792. [PMID: 35093340 PMCID: PMC8943692 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of pollen grains, which is typically characterized by soft apertures in an otherwise stiff exine shell, guides their response to changes in the humidity of the environment. These changes can lead to desiccation of the grain and its infolding but also to excessive swelling of the grain and even its bursting. Here we use an elastic model to explore the mechanics of pollen grain swelling and the role of soft, circular apertures (pores) in this process. Small, circular apertures typically occur in airborne and allergenic pollen grains so that the bursting of such grains is important in the context of human health. We identify and quantify a mechanical weakness of the pores, which are prone to rapid inflation when the grain swells to a critical extent. The inflation occurs as a sudden transition and may induce bursting of the grain and release of its content. This process crucially depends on the size of the pores and their softness. Our results provide insight into the inactive part of the mechanical response of pollen grains to hydration when they land on a stigma as well as bursting of airborne pollen grains during changes in air humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anže Božič
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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A covalently cross-linked hyaluronic acid/bacterial cellulose composite hydrogel for potential biological applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 252:117123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Ybañez MG, Camacho DH. Designing hydrophobic bacterial cellulose film composites assisted by sound waves. RSC Adv 2021; 11:32873-32883. [PMID: 35493555 PMCID: PMC9042217 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02908h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a promising material for new technologies, but the range of application is limited due to its hydrophilicity. This work aims to design a hydrophobic material derived from BC, which may find use in a broad range of applications such as packaging, sensing, construction, and electronics. We report that ultrasonic treatment of BC increased the degree of material impregnation into the fiber network that altered the hydrophobic properties of the BC-based composite films. Measurements in XTM revealed that sonication enhanced the porosity of BC films from 5.77% to 22.54%. Materials such as magnesium hydroxide (MH), graphene oxide (GO), and stearic acid (SA) were impregnated into the BC films. FTIR analysis and SEM-EDS confirmed the absorption of these molecules into the BC fibers. The water contact angle (WCA) of BC films impregnated with these functional materials showed a three to four-fold increase in hydrophobicity. The incorporation of 0.3% GO in sonicated BC afforded WCA at 137.20°, which is way better than the commercial water repellant (114.90°). The sonicated BC film afforded better tensile strength and Young's modulus, up to 229.67 MPa and 6.85 GPa, respectively. This work has shown that ultrasonic treatment improved the absorption capability of BC towards hydrophobic functionalization. Ultrasonic treatment of bacterial cellulose increased the degree of material impregnation such as graphene oxide into the fiber network that altered the hydrophobic properties of the BC-based composite films.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolito G. Ybañez
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft, Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Drexel H. Camacho
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft, Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
- Central Instrumentation Facility, De La Salle University, Laguna Campus, LTI Spine Road, Barangays Biñan and Malamig, Biñan City, Laguna 4024, Philippines
- Organic Materials and Interfaces Unit, CENSER, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 0922, Philippines
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Naomi R, Bt Hj Idrus R, Fauzi MB. Plant- vs. Bacterial-Derived Cellulose for Wound Healing: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6803. [PMID: 32961877 PMCID: PMC7559319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is a naturally existing element in the plant's cell wall and in several bacteria. The unique characteristics of bacterial cellulose (BC), such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility, together with the modifiable form of nanocellulose, or the integration with nanoparticles, such as nanosilver (AgNP), all for antibacterial effects, contributes to the extensive usage of BC in wound healing applications. Due to this, BC has gained much demand and attention for therapeutical usage over time, especially in the pharmaceutical industry when compared to plant cellulose (PC). This paper reviews the progress of related research based on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials, including the overall information concerning BC and PC production and its mechanisms in wound healing. The physicochemical differences between BC and PC have been clearly summarized in a comparison table. Meanwhile, the latest Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved BC products in the biomedical field are thoroughly discussed with their applications. The paper concludes on the need for further investigations of BC in the future, in an attempt to make BC an essential wound dressing that has the ability to be marketable in the global marketplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.N.); (R.B.H.I.)
| | - Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.N.); (R.B.H.I.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mh Busra Fauzi
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (R.N.); (R.B.H.I.)
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