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Koskinen Holm C, Qu C. Engineering a 3D In Vitro Model of Human Gingival Tissue Equivalent with Genipin/Cytochalasin D. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137401. [PMID: 35806407 PMCID: PMC9266888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although three-dimensional (3D) co-culture of gingival keratinocytes and fibroblasts-populated collagen gel can mimic 3D structure of in vivo tissue, the uncontrolled contraction of collagen gel restricts its application in clinical and experimental practices. We here established a stable 3D gingival tissue equivalent (GTE) using hTERT-immortalized gingival fibroblasts (hGFBs)-populated collagen gel directly crosslinked with genipin/cytochalasin D and seeding hTERT-immortalized gingival keratinocytes (TIGKs) on the upper surface for a 2-week air–liquid interface co-culture. MTT assay was used to measure the cell viability of GTEs. GTE size was monitored following culture period, and the contraction was analyzed. Immunohistochemical assay was used to analyze GTE structure. qRT-PCR was conducted to examine the mRNA expression of keratinocyte-specific genes. Fifty µM genipin (G50) or combination (G + C) of G50 and 100 nM cytochalasin D significantly inhibited GTE contraction. Additionally, a higher cell viability appeared in GTEs crosslinked with G50 or G + C. GTEs crosslinked with genipin/cytochalasin D showed a distinct multilayered stratified epithelium that expressed keratinocyte-specific genes similar to native gingiva. Collagen directly crosslinked with G50 or G + C significantly reduced GTE contraction without damaging the epithelium. In summary, the TIGKs and hGFBs can successfully form organotypic multilayered cultures, which can be a valuable tool in the research regarding periodontal disease as well as oral mucosa disease. We conclude that genipin is a promising crosslinker with the ability to reduce collagen contraction while maintaining normal cell function in collagen-based oral tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Koskinen Holm
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Correspondence: (C.K.H.); (C.Q.)
| | - Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
- Correspondence: (C.K.H.); (C.Q.)
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2
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Three-dimensional gradient porous polymeric composites for osteochondral regeneration. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-02989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Ishmukhametov I, Batasheva S, Rozhina E, Akhatova F, Mingaleeva R, Rozhin A, Fakhrullin R. DNA/Magnetic Nanoparticles Composite to Attenuate Glass Surface Nanotopography for Enhanced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:344. [PMID: 35054750 PMCID: PMC8779295 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have extensive pluripotent potential to differentiate into various cell types, and thus they are an important tool for regenerative medicine and biomedical research. In this work, the differentiation of hTERT-transduced adipose-derived MSCs (hMSCs) into chondrocytes, adipocytes and osteoblasts on substrates with nanotopography generated by magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNPs) and DNA was investigated. Citrate-stabilized MNPs were synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method and sized around 10 nm according to microscopy studies. It was shown that MNPs@DNA coatings induced chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in hTERT-transduced MSCs. The cells had normal morphology and distribution of actin filaments. An increase in the concentration of magnetic nanoparticles resulted in a higher surface roughness and reduced the adhesion of cells to the substrate. A glass substrate modified with magnetic nanoparticles and DNA induced active chondrogenesis of hTERT-transduced MSC in a twice-diluted differentiation-inducing growth medium, suggesting the possible use of nanostructured MNPs@DNA coatings to obtain differentiated cells at a reduced level of growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elvira Rozhina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation; (I.I.); (S.B.); (F.A.); (R.M.); (A.R.)
| | | | | | | | - Rawil Fakhrullin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kreml uramı 18, 420008 Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russian Federation; (I.I.); (S.B.); (F.A.); (R.M.); (A.R.)
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4
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Dicks A, Wu CL, Steward N, Adkar SS, Gersbach CA, Guilak F. Prospective isolation of chondroprogenitors from human iPSCs based on cell surface markers identified using a CRISPR-Cas9-generated reporter. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:66. [PMID: 32070421 PMCID: PMC7026983 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Articular cartilage shows little or no capacity for intrinsic repair, generating a critical need of regenerative therapies for joint injuries and diseases such as osteoarthritis. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer a promising cell source for cartilage tissue engineering and in vitro human disease modeling; however, off-target differentiation remains a challenge during hiPSC chondrogenesis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify cell surface markers that define the true chondroprogenitor population and use these markers to purify iPSCs as a means of improving the homogeneity and efficiency of hiPSC chondrogenic differentiation. Methods We used a CRISPR-Cas9-edited COL2A1-GFP knock-in reporter hiPSC line, coupled with a surface marker screen, to identify a novel chondroprogenitor population. Single-cell RNA sequencing was then used to analyze the distinct clusters within the population. An unpaired t test with Welch’s correction or an unpaired Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed with significance reported at a 95% confidence interval. Results Chondroprogenitors expressing CD146, CD166, and PDGFRβ, but not CD45, made up an average of 16.8% of the total population. Under chondrogenic culture conditions, these triple-positive chondroprogenitor cells demonstrated decreased heterogeneity as measured by single-cell RNA sequencing with fewer clusters (9 clusters in unsorted vs. 6 in sorted populations) closer together. Additionally, there was more robust and homogenous matrix production (unsorted: 1.5 ng/ng vs. sorted: 19.9 ng/ng sGAG/DNA; p < 0.001) with significantly higher chondrogenic gene expression (i.e., SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN; p < 0.05). Conclusions Overall, this study has identified a unique hiPSC-derived subpopulation of chondroprogenitors that are CD146+/CD166+/PDGFRβ+/CD45− and exhibit high chondrogenic potential, providing a purified cell source for cartilage tissue engineering or disease modeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Dicks
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Chia-Lung Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nancy Steward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Shaunak S Adkar
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Charles A Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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Qu C, Brohlin M, Kingham PJ, Kelk P. Evaluation of growth, stemness, and angiogenic properties of dental pulp stem cells cultured in cGMP xeno-/serum-free medium. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 380:93-105. [PMID: 31889209 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate the effects of cGMP xeno-/serum-free medium (XSF, Irvine Scientific) on the properties of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). DPSCs, from passage 2, were cultured in XSF or fetal bovine serum (FBS)-supplemented medium, and sub-cultured up to passage 8. Cumulative population doublings (PDs) and the number of colony-forming-units (CFUs) were determined. qRT-PCR, ELISA, and in vitro assays were used to assess angiogenic capacity. Flow cytometry was used to measure CD73, CD90, and CD105 expression. Differentiation into osteo-, adipo-, and chondrogenic cell lineages was performed. DPSCs showed more elongated morphology, a reduced rate of proliferation at later passages, and lower CFU counts in XSF compared with FBS. Expression of angiogenic factors at the gene and protein levels varied in the two media and with passage number, but cells grown in XSF had more in vitro angiogenic activity. The majority of early and late passage DPSCs cultured in XSF expressed CD73 and CD90. In contrast, the percentage of CD105 positive DPSCs in XSF medium was significantly lower with increased passage whereas the majority of cells cultured in FBS were CD105 positive. Switching XSF-cultured DPSCs to medium supplemented with human serum restored the expression of CD105. The tri-lineage differentiation of DPSCs cultured under XSF and FBS conditions was similar. We showed that despite reduced CD105 expression levels, DPSCs expanded in XSF medium maintained a functional MSC phenotype. Furthermore, restoration of CD105 expression is likely to occur upon in vivo transplantation, when cells are exposed to human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Brohlin
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Tissue Establishment, Cell Therapy Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Umeå University Hospital, Daniel Naezéns väg, 907 37, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul J Kingham
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peyman Kelk
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
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Leon-Ramos JR, Diosdado-Cano JM, López-Santos C, Barranco A, Torres-Lagares D, Serrera-Figallo MÁ. Influence of Titanium Oxide Pillar Array Nanometric Structures and Ultraviolet Irradiation on the Properties of the Surface of Dental Implants-A Pilot Study. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9101458. [PMID: 31615097 PMCID: PMC6835777 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Titanium implants are commonly used as replacement therapy for lost teeth and much current research is focusing on the improvement of the chemical and physical properties of their surfaces in order to improve the osseointegration process. TiO2, when it is deposited in the form of pillar array nanometric structures, has photocatalytic properties and wet surface control, which, together with UV irradiation, provide it with superhydrophilic surfaces, which may be of interest for improving cell adhesion on the peri-implant surface. In this article, we address the influence of this type of surface treatment on type IV and type V titanium discs on their surface energy and cell growth on them. Materials and methods: Samples from titanium rods used for making dental implants were used. There were two types of samples: grade IV and grade V. In turn, within each grade, two types of samples were differentiated: untreated and treated with sand blasting and subjected to double acid etching. Synthesis of the film consisting of titanium oxide pillar array structures was carried out using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition equipment. The plasma was generated in a quartz vessel by an external SLAN-1 microwave source with a frequency of 2.45 GHz. Five specimens from each group were used (40 discs in total). On the surfaces to be studied, the following determinations were carried out: (a) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, (b) scanning electron microscopy, (c) energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, (d) profilometry, (e) contact angle measurement or surface wettability, (f) progression of contact angle on applying ultraviolet irradiation, and (g) a biocompatibility test and cytotoxicity with cell cultures. Results: The application of ultraviolet light decreased the hydrophobicity of all the surfaces studied, although it did so to a greater extent on the surfaces with the studied modification applied, this being more evident in samples manufactured in grade V titanium. In samples made in grade IV titanium, this difference was less evident, and even in the sample manufactured with grade IV and SLA treatment, the application of the nanometric modification of the surface made the surface optically less active. Regarding cell growth, all the surfaces studied, grouped in relation to the presence or not of the nanometric treatment, showed similar growth. Conclusions. Treatment of titanium oxide surfaces with ultraviolet irradiation made them change temporarily into superhydrophilic ones, which confirms that their biocompatibility could be improved in this way, or at least be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Rey Leon-Ramos
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville, CSIC-University of Seville, Américo Vespucio Street n 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | | | - Carmen López-Santos
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville, CSIC-University of Seville, Américo Vespucio Street n 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
- Department of Atomic, Molecular and Nuclear Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Seville, Reina Mercedes Street, 41012 Seville, Spain.
| | - Angel Barranco
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville, CSIC-University of Seville, Américo Vespucio Street n 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
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Carlomagno C, Motta A, Sorarù G, Aswath P, Migliaresi C, Maniglio D. Breath Figures decorated silicon oxinitride ceramic surfaces with controlled Si ions release for enhanced osteoinduction. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:1284-1294. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Carlomagno
- Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Trento via Sommarive 9, Trento Italy
- BIOTech Research CenterUniversity of Trento via delle Regole, 101 Trento Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Trento Italy
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Trento via Sommarive 9, Trento Italy
- BIOTech Research CenterUniversity of Trento via delle Regole, 101 Trento Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Trento Italy
| | - Giandomenico Sorarù
- Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Trento via Sommarive 9, Trento Italy
| | - Pranesh Aswath
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Texas at Arlington 501 West First Street, Arlington Texas 76019
| | - Claudio Migliaresi
- Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Trento via Sommarive 9, Trento Italy
- BIOTech Research CenterUniversity of Trento via delle Regole, 101 Trento Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Trento Italy
| | - Devid Maniglio
- Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Trento via Sommarive 9, Trento Italy
- BIOTech Research CenterUniversity of Trento via delle Regole, 101 Trento Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Trento Italy
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8
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Li NB, Sun SJ, Bai HY, Xiao GY, Xu WH, Zhao JH, Chen X, Lu YP, Zhang YL. Preparation of well-distributed titania nanopillar arrays on Ti6Al4V surface by induction heating for enhancing osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:045101. [PMID: 29182157 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa9daa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Great effort has recently been devoted to the preparation of nanoscale surfaces on titanium-based implants to achieve clinically fast osteoinduction and osseointegration, which relies on the unique characteristics of the nanostructure. In this work, we used induction heating treatment (IHT) as a rapid oxidation method to fabricate a porous nanoscale oxide layer on the Ti6Al4V surface for better medical application. Well-distributed vertical nanopillars were yielded by IHT for 20-35 s on the alloy surface. The composition of the oxides contained rutile/anatase TiO2 and a small amount of Al2O3 between the TiO2 grain boundaries (GBs). This technology resulted in a reduction and subsequent increase of surface roughness of 26-32 nm when upregulating the heating time, followed by the successive enhancement of the thickness, wettability and adhesion strength of the oxidation layer to the matrix. The surface hardness also distinctly rose to 554 HV in the IHT-35 s group compared with the 350 HV of bare Ti6Al4V. The massive small-angle GBs in the bare alloy promoted the formation of nanosized oxide crystallites. The grain refinement and deformation texture reduction further improved the mechanical properties of the matrix after IHT. Moreover, in vitro experiments on a mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) culture derived from human bone marrow for 1-7 days indicated that the nanoscale layers did not cause cytotoxicity, and facilitated cell differentiation in osteoblasts by enhancing the gene and osteogenesis-related protein expressions after 1-3 weeks of culturing. The increase of the IHT time slightly advanced the BMSC proliferation and differentiation, especially during long-term culture. Our findings provide strong evidence that IHT oxidation technology is a novel nanosurface modification technology, which is potentially promising for further clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Bo Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, People's Republic of China. Suzhou Institute, Shandong University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Ji'nan 250061, People's Republic of China
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9
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Qu C, Kaitainen S, Kröger H, Lappalainen R, Lammi MJ. Behavior of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Various Titanium-Based Coatings. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9100827. [PMID: 28773947 PMCID: PMC5456604 DOI: 10.3390/ma9100827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition and texture of titanium coatings can influence the growth characteristics of the adhered cells. An enhanced proliferation of the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) would be beneficial. The present study was aimed to investigate whether titanium deposited at different atmospheres would affect the cell growth properties, cellular morphology, and expression of surface markers of hMSCs. Titanium-based coatings were deposited on silicon wafers under oxygen, nitrogen, or argon atmospheres by ultra-short pulsed laser deposition using two different gas pressures followed by heating at 400 °C for 2 h. The characteristics of the coated surfaces were determined via contact angle, zeta potential, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Human MSCs were cultivated on differently coated silicon wafers for 48 h. Subsequently, the cell proliferation rates were analyzed with an MTT assay. The phenotype of hMSCs was checked via immunocytochemical stainings of MSC-associated markers CD73, CD90, and CD105, and the adhesion, spreading, and morphology of hMSCs on coated materials via SEM. The cell proliferation rates of the hMSCs were similar on all coated silicon wafers. The hMSCs retained the MSC phenotype by expressing MSC-associated markers and fibroblast-like morphology with cellular projections. Furthermore, no significant differences could be found in the size of the cells when cultured on all various coated surfaces. In conclusion, despite certain differences in the contact angles and the zeta potentials of various titanium-based coatings, no single coating markedly improved the growth characteristics of hMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden.
| | - Salla Kaitainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland.
| | - Heikki Kröger
- Department of Orthopaedics, Traumatology and Hand Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio 70210, Finland.
| | - Reijo Lappalainen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio 70211, Finland.
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå 90187, Sweden.
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, School of Public Health of Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
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10
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Rana D, Ramasamy K, Leena M, Jiménez C, Campos J, Ibarra P, Haidar ZS, Ramalingam M. Surface functionalization of nanobiomaterials for application in stem cell culture, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Biotechnol Prog 2016; 32:554-67. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Rana
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR); A Unit of Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine-Bengaluru, Stem Cell Nanotechnology Lab, Christian Medical College Campus; Vellore 632002 India
| | - Keerthana Ramasamy
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR); A Unit of Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine-Bengaluru, Stem Cell Nanotechnology Lab, Christian Medical College Campus; Vellore 632002 India
| | - Maria Leena
- Dept. of Nanoscience and Technology; Karunya University; Coimbatore 641114 India
| | - Constanza Jiménez
- BioMAT'X, Facultad De Odontología; Universidad De Los Andes; Mons. Álvaro Del Portillo Santiago 12.455 Chile
- Centro De Investigación Biomédica (CIB), Facultad De Medicina; Universidad De Los Andes; Mons. Álvaro Del Portillo Santiago 12.455 Chile
| | - Javier Campos
- BioMAT'X, Facultad De Odontología; Universidad De Los Andes; Mons. Álvaro Del Portillo Santiago 12.455 Chile
- Plan De Mejoramiento Institucional (PMI) En Innovación-I+D+I, Universidad De Los Andes; Santiago 12.455 Chile
| | - Paula Ibarra
- BioMAT'X, Facultad De Odontología; Universidad De Los Andes; Mons. Álvaro Del Portillo Santiago 12.455 Chile
- Plan De Mejoramiento Institucional (PMI) En Innovación-I+D+I, Universidad De Los Andes; Santiago 12.455 Chile
| | - Ziyad S. Haidar
- BioMAT'X, Facultad De Odontología; Universidad De Los Andes; Mons. Álvaro Del Portillo Santiago 12.455 Chile
- Plan De Mejoramiento Institucional (PMI) En Innovación-I+D+I, Universidad De Los Andes; Santiago 12.455 Chile
| | - Murugan Ramalingam
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR); A Unit of Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine-Bengaluru, Stem Cell Nanotechnology Lab, Christian Medical College Campus; Vellore 632002 India
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8577 Japan
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11
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Zhang W, Li J, Suzuki K, Qu J, Wang P, Zhou J, Liu X, Ren R, Xu X, Ocampo A, Yuan T, Yang J, Li Y, Shi L, Guan D, Pan H, Duan S, Ding Z, Li M, Yi F, Bai R, Wang Y, Chen C, Yang F, Li X, Wang Z, Aizawa E, Goebl A, Soligalla RD, Reddy P, Esteban CR, Tang F, Liu GH, Belmonte JCI. Aging stem cells. A Werner syndrome stem cell model unveils heterochromatin alterations as a driver of human aging. Science 2015; 348:1160-3. [PMID: 25931448 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disorder caused by WRN protein deficiency. Here, we report on the generation of a human WS model in human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Differentiation of WRN-null ESCs to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recapitulates features of premature cellular aging, a global loss of H3K9me3, and changes in heterochromatin architecture. We show that WRN associates with heterochromatin proteins SUV39H1 and HP1α and nuclear lamina-heterochromatin anchoring protein LAP2β. Targeted knock-in of catalytically inactive SUV39H1 in wild-type MSCs recapitulates accelerated cellular senescence, resembling WRN-deficient MSCs. Moreover, decrease in WRN and heterochromatin marks are detected in MSCs from older individuals. Our observations uncover a role for WRN in maintaining heterochromatin stability and highlight heterochromatin disorganization as a potential determinant of human aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ping Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Junzhi Zhou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ruotong Ren
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiuling Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tingting Yuan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiping Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ying Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Oral Disease, the 306th Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Dee Guan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huize Pan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shunlei Duan
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhichao Ding
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mo Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fei Yi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ruijun Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yayu Wang
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center for Oral Disease, the 306th Hospital of the PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fuquan Yang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zimei Wang
- The Center for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Emi Aizawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - April Goebl
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos s/n, 30107 Guadalupe, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rupa Devi Soligalla
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pradeep Reddy
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, Beijing 100871, China. Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine (CMTM), Beijing 100101, China. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. The Center for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China. Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine (CMTM), Beijing 100101, China. Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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12
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Lorenzetti M, Dakischew O, Trinkaus K, Lips KS, Schnettler R, Kobe S, Novak S. Enhanced osteogenesis on titanium implants by UVB photofunctionalization of hydrothermally grown TiO₂ coatings. J Biomater Appl 2015; 30:71-84. [PMID: 25633960 DOI: 10.1177/0885328215569091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Even though Ti-based implants are the most used materials for hard tissue replacement, they may present lack of osseointegration on the long term, due to their inertness. Hydrothermal treatment (HT) is a useful technique for the synthesis of firmly attached, highly crystalline coatings made of anatase titanium dioxide (TiO2), providing favorable nanoroughness and higher exposed surface area, as well as greater hydrophilicity, compared to the native amorphous oxide on pristine titanium. The hydrophilicity drops even more by photofunctionalization of the nanostructured TiO2-anatase coatings under UV light. Human mesenchymal stem cells exhibited a good response to the combination of the positive surface characteristics, especially in respect to the UVB pre-irradiation. The results showed that the cells were not harmed in terms of viability; even more, they were encouraged to differentiate in osteoblasts and to become osteogenically active, as confirmed by the calcium ion uptake and the formation of well-mineralized, bone-like nodule structures. In addition, the enrichment of hydroxyl groups on the HT-surfaces by UVB photofunctionalization accelerated the cell differentiation process and greatly improved the osteogenesis in comparison with the nonirradiated samples. The optimal surface characteristics of the HT-anatase coatings as well as the high potentiality of the photo-induced hydrophilicity, which was reached during a relatively short pre-irradiation time (5 h) with UVB light, can be correlated with better osseointegration ability in vivo; among the samples, the superior biological behavior of the roughest and most hydrophilic HT coating makes it a good candidate for further studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lorenzetti
- Department of Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Olga Dakischew
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katja Trinkaus
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Susanne Lips
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schnettler
- Laboratory for Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Spomenka Kobe
- Department of Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saša Novak
- Department of Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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Karjalainen HM, Qu C, Leskelä SS, Rilla K, Lammi MJ. Chondrocytic cells express the taurine transporter on their plasma membrane and regulate its expression under anisotonic conditions. Amino Acids 2014; 47:561-70. [PMID: 25501278 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Taurine is a small organic osmolyte which participates in cell volume regulation. Chondrocytes have been shown to accumulate and release taurine; in bone, taurine participates in bone metabolism. However, its role in skeletal cells is poorly understood, especially in chondrocytes. This study investigated the regulation of taurine transporter in chondrocytic cells. We examined the transcriptional regulation of the taurine transporter under anisotonia by reporter gene and real-time RT-PCR assays. The effect of providing supplementary taurine on cell viability was evaluated with the lactate dehydrogenase release assay. The localization of the taurine transporter in human chondrosarcoma cells was studied by overexpressing a taurine transporter-enhanced green fluorescent protein. We observed that the transcription of the taurine transporter gene was up-regulated in hypertonic conditions. Hyperosmolarity-related cell death could be partly abolished by taurine supplementation in the medium. As expected, the fluorescently labeled taurine transporter localized at the plasma membrane. In polarized epithelial MDCK cells, the strongest fluorescence signal was located in the lateral cell membrane area. We also observed that the taurine transporter gene was expressed in several human tissues and malignant cell lines. This is the first study to present information on the transcriptional regulation of taurine transporter gene and the localization of the taurine transporter protein in chondrocytic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannu M Karjalainen
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland,
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14
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Tan AW, Tay L, Chua KH, Ahmad R, Akbar SA, Pingguan-Murphy B. Proliferation and stemness preservation of human adipose-derived stem cells by surface-modified in situ TiO₂ nanofibrous surfaces. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:5389-401. [PMID: 25473278 PMCID: PMC4247135 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s72659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Two important criteria of an ideal biomaterial in the field of stem cells research are to regulate the cell proliferation without the loss of its pluripotency and to direct the differentiation into a specific cell lineage when desired. The present study describes the influence of TiO2 nanofibrous surface structures on the regulation of proliferation and stemness preservation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). TiO2 nanofiber arrays were produced in situ onto Ti-6Al-4V substrate via a thermal oxidation process and the successful fabrication of these nanostructures was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and contact angle measurement. ADSCs were seeded on two types of Ti-6Al-4V surfaces (TiO2 nanofibers and flat control), and their morphology, proliferation, and stemness expression were analyzed using FESEM, AlamarBlue assay, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) after 2 weeks of incubation, respectively. The results show that ADSCs exhibit better adhesion and significantly enhanced proliferation on the TiO2 nanofibrous surfaces compared to the flat control surfaces. The greater proliferation ability of TiO2 nanofibrous surfaces was further confirmed by the results of cell cycle assay. More importantly, TiO2 nanofibrous surfaces significantly upregulate the expressions of stemness markers Sox-2, Nanog3, Rex-1, and Nestin. These results demonstrate that TiO2 nanofibrous surfaces can be used to enhance cell adhesion and proliferation while simultaneously maintaining the stemness of ADSCs, thereby representing a promising approach for their potential application in the field of bone tissue engineering as well as regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Wen Tan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lelia Tay
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kien Hui Chua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roslina Ahmad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sheikh Ali Akbar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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15
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Hypertonic conditions enhance cartilage formation in scaffold-free primary chondrocyte cultures. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 358:541-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Prittinen J, Jiang Y, Ylärinne JH, Pakkanen TA, Lammi MJ, Qu C. Chondrocyte behavior on nanostructured micropillar polypropylene and polystyrene surfaces. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 43:424-31. [PMID: 25175232 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to investigate whether patterned polypropylene (PP) or polystyrene (PS) could enhance the chondrocytes' extracellular matrix (ECM) production and phenotype maintenance. Bovine primary chondrocytes were cultured on smooth PP and PS, as well as on nanostructured micropillar PP (patterned PP) and PS (patterned PS) for 2 weeks. Subsequently, the samples were collected for fluorescein diacetate-based cell viability tests, for immunocytochemical assays of types I and II collagen, actin and vinculin, for scanning electronic microscopic analysis of cell morphology and distribution, and for gene expression assays of Sox9, aggrecan, procollagen α1(II), procollagen α1(X), and procollagen α2(I) using quantitative RT-PCR assays. After two weeks of culture, the bovine primary chondrocytes had attached on both patterned PP and PS, while practically no adhesion was observed on smooth PP. However, the best adhesion of the cells was on smooth PS. The cells, which attached on patterned PP and PS surfaces synthesized types I and II collagen. The chondrocytes' morphology was extended, and an abundant ECM network formed around the attached chondrocytes on both patterned PP and PS. Upon passaging, no significant differences on the chondrocyte-specific gene expression were observed, although the highest expression level of aggrecan was observed on the patterned PS in passage 1 chondrocytes, and the expression level of procollagen α1(II) appeared to decrease in passaged chondrocytes. However, the expressions of procollagen α2(I) were increased in all passaged cell cultures. In conclusion, the bovine primary chondrocytes could be grown on patterned PS and PP surfaces, and they produced extracellular matrix network around the adhered cells. However, neither the patterned PS nor PP could prevent the dedifferentiation of chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha Prittinen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Janne H Ylärinne
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tapani A Pakkanen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Mikko J Lammi
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Chengjuan Qu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Wu JY, Li CW, Tsai CH, Chou CW, Chen DR, Wang GJ. Synthesis of antibacterial TiO2/PLGA composite biofilms. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 10:1097-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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18
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Chen JL, Duan L, Zhu W, Xiong J, Wang D. Extracellular matrix production in vitro in cartilage tissue engineering. J Transl Med 2014; 12:88. [PMID: 24708713 PMCID: PMC4233628 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering is arising as a technique for the repair of cartilage lesions in clinical applications. However, fibrocartilage formation weakened the mechanical functions of the articular, which compromises the clinical outcomes. Due to the low proliferation ability, dedifferentiation property and low production of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) of the chondrocytes, the cartilage synthesis in vitro has been one of the major limitations for obtaining high-quality engineered cartilage constructs. This review discusses cells, biomaterial scaffolds and stimulating factors that can facilitate the cartilage-specific ECM production and accumulation in the in vitro culture system. Special emphasis has been put on the factors that affect the production of ECM macromolecules such as collagen type II and proteoglycans in the review, aiming at providing new strategies to improve the quality of tissue-engineered cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Daping Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University), Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong Province, China.
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19
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Qu C, Rilla K, Tammi R, Tammi M, Kröger H, Lammi MJ. Extensive CD44-dependent hyaluronan coats on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells produced by hyaluronan synthases HAS1, HAS2 and HAS3. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 48:45-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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20
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Qu C, Puttonen KA, Lindeberg H, Ruponen M, Hovatta O, Koistinaho J, Lammi MJ. Chondrogenic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells in chondrocyte co-culture. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:1802-12. [PMID: 23735325 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chondrogenic differentiation of human embryonic (hESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has been achieved in embryoid bodies (EBs) by adding selected growth factors to the medium. Also chondrocyte-secreted factors have been considered to promote the chondrogenic differentiation. Hence, we studied whether co-culture with primary chondrocytes can induce hESCs or hiPSCs to differentiate into chondrocyte lineage. Co-culture of hESCs or hiPSCs was established in a transwell insert system in feeder-free culture conditions, while hESCs or hiPSCs grown alone in the wells were used as controls. After 3-week co-culture with weekly replenished chondrocytes, the chondrogenically committed cells (hCCCs) were evaluated by morphology, immunocytochemistry, quantitative real-time RT-PCR, and analysis of chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation markers. The expressions of chondrocyte- and pluripotency-associated genes were frequently measured during the monolayer expansion of hCCCs from passage 1 to 10. Human CCCs displayed morphology similar to chondrocytes, and expressed chondrocyte-associated genes, which were declined following passaging, similarly to passaged chondrocytes. They also formed a chondrogenic cell pellet, and differentiated into chondrocytic cells, which secreted abundant extracellular matrix. Human CCCs also proliferated rapidly. However, they did not show osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation capacity. Our results show that co-culture of hESCs or hiPSCs with primary chondrocytes could induce specific chondrogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjuan Qu
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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21
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Park S, Ahn SH, Lee HJ, Chung US, Kim JH, Koh WG. Mesoporous TiO2 as a nanostructured substrate for cell culture and cell patterning. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45136d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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