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Park JH, Tucker SJ, Yoon JK, Kim Y, Hollister SJ. 3D printing modality effect: Distinct printing outcomes dependent on selective laser sintering (SLS) and melt extrusion. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1015-1024. [PMID: 38348580 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
A direct and comprehensive comparative study on different 3D printing modalities was performed. We employed two representative 3D printing modalities, laser- and extrusion-based, which are currently used to produce patient-specific medical implants for clinical translation, to assess how these two different 3D printing modalities affect printing outcomes. The same solid and porous constructs were created from the same biomaterial, a blend of 96% poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) and 4% hydroxyapatite (HA), using two different 3D printing modalities. Constructs were analyzed to assess their printing characteristics, including morphological, mechanical, and biological properties. We also performed an in vitro accelerated degradation study to compare their degradation behaviors. Despite the same input material, the 3D constructs created from different 3D printing modalities showed distinct differences in morphology, surface roughness and internal void fraction, which resulted in different mechanical properties and cell responses. In addition, the constructs exhibited different degradation rates depending on the 3D printing modalities. Given that each 3D printing modality has inherent characteristics that impact printing outcomes and ultimately implant performance, understanding the characteristics is crucial in selecting the 3D printing modality to create reliable biomedical implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hun Park
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center for 3D Medical Fabrication, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Jeong-Kee Yoon
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - YongTae Kim
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience (IBB), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Scott J Hollister
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center for 3D Medical Fabrication, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Jeon C, Choi J, Shin J, Min HS, Nam J, Jeon S, Kim J, Kim Y, Sim J, Ahn H, Kim M, Yang H, Jung H. Micro-pillar tunnel stamp for enhanced transdermal delivery of topical drug formulations. Acta Biomater 2023; 160:112-122. [PMID: 36764594 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Dissolving microneedles (DMNs), despite their minimally invasive drug administration, face challenges in skin insertion and drug-loading capacity, which lead to less effective drug delivery. The micro-pillar tunnel stamp (MPTS) was designed to enhance the transdermal delivery efficacy of externally provided topical formulations via the creation of microchannels. The tunnel and canal of the MPTS enable the simultaneous application of DMNs and topical drugs. The application of micro-pillar-polycaprolactone (MP-PCL), which is a DMN made of a slowly dissolving polymer, exhibited a drug permeation rate 1.3-fold and 2.6-fold higher than that of micro-pillar-hyaluronic acid (MP-HA), a DMN made of a rapidly dissolving polymer, and the topical group, respectively. The base diameter of MP-PCL was set to 700 μm for maximized delivery efficacy, achieving 2.8-fold higher L-ascorbic acid accumulation than that of the topical group. In vivo analysis showed that, compared to topical administration, MPTS-delivered lidocaine had 5-fold greater permeation and the MPTS-delivered group showed 1.25-fold higher skin residual amount, confirming enhanced delivery. Thus, the optimized MPTS system can be presented as an attractive alternative to overcome the limitations of the existing MN systems such as incomplete insertion and limited drug-loading capacity, enhancing the delivery of topical formulations in the transdermal market. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: We developed a micro-pillar tunnel stamp (MPTS) to enhance the delivery of externally provided topical formulations. The functional tunnel and canal of the MPTS enabled the simultaneous application of a dissolving microneedle (DMN) array insertion and administration of external topical drugs. Upon insertion, the DMNs created skin microchannels that allowed the externally administered drug to diffuse. DMNs were fabricated using polycaprolactone (PCL), a slowly dissolving polymer, to maintain their structure inside the skin and prolong the opening duration of the microchannels. This system achieved significantly improved delivery of topically administered external drugs via integration with slowly dissolving DMNs, while offering the possibility of its development as a universal delivery system for various topical pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansol Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Juvic Inc., 272 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaibyung Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Su Min
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehye Nam
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghun Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youseong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeho Sim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeri Ahn
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Huisuk Yang
- Juvic Inc., 272 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungil Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Building 123, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Juvic Inc., 272 Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08389, Republic of Korea.
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Yu D, Peng W, Mo X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, He J. Personalized 3D-Printed Bioresorbable Airway External Splint for Tracheomalacia Combined With Congenital Heart Disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:859777. [PMID: 35620475 PMCID: PMC9127074 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.859777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe tracheomalacia (TM) patients with respiratory symptoms need surgical intervention, including aortopexy, internal stents or external splint. While some patients continue to have respiratory symptoms after tracheal relief, and there is no evidence to support any one surgery therapy over another. Here we introduce a clinical safety and efficacy of the three-dimensional (3D)-printed bioresorbable airway external splints in treating congenital heart disease (CHD) patients with severe TM. From May 2019 to September 2020, nine patients with severe TM were enrolled. The median age was 5 months (range, 3–25 months), and the median weight was 7.5 kg (range, 3–15 kg). All patients had wheezing, and two patients were assisted by machine ventilation (MV) preoperatively. The median length of TM was 1.5 cm (range, 1.0–3.0 cm). All patients underwent suspension of a “C”-shaped lumen airway external splint, which were designed in SOLIDWORKS and made of polycaprolactone (PCL). The airway external splint could provided effective support for at least 6 months and was completely degraded into carbon dioxide and water within 2–3 years. The median time of postoperative machine assisted ventilation was 23.7 h (range, 3.3–223.4 h), and the median time of ICU stay was 9 days (range, 4–25 days). The median follow-up time was 18 months (range, 12–24 months). Respiratory symptoms were all relieved, and no external splint-associated complications occurred. The 3D computed tomography reconstruction showed no airway stenosis. Personalized 3D-printed bioresorbable airway external splint can not only limit external compression and prevent airway collapse but also ensure the growth potential of the airway, which is a safe, reliable and effective treatment for CHD with TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Maia FR, Bastos AR, Oliveira JM, Correlo VM, Reis RL. Recent approaches towards bone tissue engineering. Bone 2022; 154:116256. [PMID: 34781047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering approaches have evolved towards addressing the challenges of tissue mimetic requirements over the years. Different strategies have been combining scaffolds, cells, and biologically active cues using a wide range of fabrication techniques, envisioning the mimicry of bone tissue. On the one hand, biomimetic scaffold-based strategies have been pursuing different biomaterials to produce scaffolds, combining with diverse and innovative fabrication strategies to mimic bone tissue better, surpassing bone grafts. On the other hand, biomimetic scaffold-free approaches mainly foresee replicating endochondral ossification, replacing hyaline cartilage with new bone. Finally, since bone tissue is highly vascularized, new strategies focused on developing pre-vascularized scaffolds or pre-vascularized cellular aggregates have been a motif of study. The recent biomimetic scaffold-based and scaffold-free approaches in bone tissue engineering, focusing on materials and fabrication methods used, are overviewed herein. The biomimetic vascularized approaches are also discussed, namely the development of pre-vascularized scaffolds and pre-vascularized cellular aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Raquel Maia
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Ana R Bastos
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Vitor M Correlo
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs-Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics of University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
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Mu X, Zhang J, Jiang Y. 3D Printing in Breast Reconstruction: From Bench to Bed. Front Surg 2021; 8:641370. [PMID: 34095200 PMCID: PMC8173201 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.641370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical management of breast cancer often results in the absence of the breast. However, existing breast reconstruction methods may not meet the need for a replacement tissue. Tissue engineering with the use of emerging materials offers the promise of generating appropriate replacements. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has seen a significantly increased interest and application in medically-related fields in the recent years. This has been especially true in complex medical situations particularly when abnormal or complicated anatomical surgical considerations or precise reconstructive procedures are contemplated. In addition, 3D bio-printing which combines cells with bio-material scaffolds offers an exciting technology with significant applications in the field of tissue engineering. The purpose of this manuscript was to review a number of studies in which 3D printing technology has been used in breast reconstructive surgical procedures, and future directions and applications of 3D bio-printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingdou Mu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juliang Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Alavije AA, Barati F, Barati M, Nazari H, Karimi I. Polyethersulfone/MWCNT nanocomposite scaffold for endometrial cell culture: preparation, characterization, and in vitroinvestigation. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2021; 7. [PMID: 35014622 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/abd67f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cell culture is a method for investigating physiological or pathological conditions or simulatingin vivoconditions for embryo culture. The natural function of the endometrium depends on a polarized epithelium and 3D stromal compartments. The polymer-based scaffolds of simple polyethersulfone (PES), laser scratched PES (PES-LS), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) composited PES (PES-MWCNT) were prepared and used for bovine endometrial cells (bECs) culture. For better investigation of the relationship between physical structure and cell growth behavior, the surface morphologies of the scaffolds were evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques. Three synthesized membranes (PES, PES-LS, and PES-MWCNT) were evaluated for the cell morphology, viability and, doubling time. Results showed acceptable physical and chemical fabrication of the polymers with no significant differences in the proportions of live cells to primary cultured cells, dead to live cells, and the cell doubling time among groups during the experiment (P > 0.05). Total cell count (live and dead cells) was significantly different on Day 2 among types of polymers. The results showed the comparable potential of the PES-MWCNT membrane for the bECs culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alirezaei Alavije
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Farid Barati
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barati
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hasan Nazari
- Institute of Farm Animal Embryo Technology, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Iraj Karimi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
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3D printing of silk microparticle reinforced polycaprolactone scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111433. [PMID: 33255027 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds have been widely investigated for tissue engineering applications, however, they exhibit poor cell adhesion and mechanical properties. Subsequently, PCL composites have been produced to improve the material properties. This study utilises a natural material, Bombyx mori silk microparticles (SMP) prepared by milling silk fibre, to produce a composite to enhance the scaffolds properties. Silk is biocompatible and biodegradable with excellent mechanical properties. However, there are no studies using SMPs as a reinforcing agent in a 3D printed thermoplastic polymer scaffold. PCL/SMP (10, 20, 30 wt%) composites were prepared by melt blending. Rheological analysis showed that SMP loading increased the shear thinning and storage modulus of the material. Scaffolds were fabricated using a screw-assisted extrusion-based additive manufacturing system. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microtomography was used to determine scaffold morphology. The scaffolds had high interconnectivity with regular printed fibres and pore morphologies within the designed parameters. Compressive mechanical testing showed that the addition of SMP significantly improved the compressive Young's modulus of the scaffolds. The scaffolds were more hydrophobic with the inclusion of SMP which was linked to a decrease in total protein adsorption. Cell behaviour was assessed using human adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. A cytotoxic effect was observed at higher particle loading (30 wt%) after 7 days of culture. By day 21, 10 wt% loading showed significantly higher cell metabolic activity and proliferation, high cell viability, and cell migration throughout the scaffold. Calcium mineral deposition was observed on the scaffolds during cell culture. Large calcium mineral deposits were observed at 30 wt% and smaller calcium deposits were observed at 10 wt%. This study demonstrates that SMPs incorporated into a PCL scaffold provided effective mechanical reinforcement, improved the rate of degradation, and increased cell proliferation, demonstrating potential suitability for bone tissue engineering applications.
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