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Lima FDA, Chagas PAM, Honorato ACS, da Silva EN, Aguiar ML, Guerra VG. Multifactorial evaluation of an ultra-fast process for electrospinning of recycled expanded polystyrene to manufacture high-efficiency membranes for nanoparticle air filtration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 362:121352. [PMID: 38833930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The increased production of polystyrene waste has led to the need to find efficient ways to dispose of it. One possibility is the use of solid waste to produce filter media by the electrospinning technique. The aim of this work was to develop an ultra-fast electrospinning process applied to recycled polystyrene, with statistical evaluation of the influence of polymeric solution parameters (polymer concentration and percentage of DL-limonene) and process variables (flow rate, voltage, and type of support) on nanoparticle collection efficiency, air permeability, and fiber diameter. An extensive characterization of the materials and evaluation of the morphology of the fibers was also carried out. It was found that recycled expanded polystyrene could be used in electrospinning to produce polymeric membranes. The optimized condition that resulted in the highest nanoparticle collection efficiency was a polymer concentration of 13.5%, percentage of DL-limonene of 50%, voltage of 25 kV, and flow rate of 1.2 mL/h, resulting in values of 99.97 ± 0.01%, 2.6 ± 0.5 × 10-13 m2, 0.19 Pa-1, and 708 ± 176 nm for the collection efficiency of nanoparticles in the range from 6.38 to 232.9 nm, permeability, quality factor, and mean fiber diameter, respectively. All the parameters were found to influence collection efficiency and fiber diameter. The use of DL-limonene, a natural solvent, provided benefits including increased collection efficiency and decreased fiber size. In addition, the electrostatic filtration mechanism was evaluated using the presence of a copper grid as a support for the nanofibers. The findings demonstrated that an electrospinning time of only 5 min was sufficient to obtain filters with high collection efficiencies and low pressure drops, opening perspectives for the application of polystyrene waste in the development of materials with excellent characteristics for application in the area of atmospheric pollution mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de Aquino Lima
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Augusto Marques Chagas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Sguizzato Honorato
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilton Nunes da Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica Lopes Aguiar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Vádila Giovana Guerra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, Km 235, C.P. 676, CEP, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Edrisi F, Mahmoudian M, Shadjou N. Preparation of an innovative series of respiratory nano-filters using polystyrene fibrous films containing KCC-1 dendrimer and ZnO nanostructures for environmental assessment of SO 2, NO 2 and CO 2. RSC Adv 2024; 14:7303-7313. [PMID: 38444973 PMCID: PMC10913408 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Air pollution has become a major challenge that threatens human health. The use of respiratory filters is one of the proposed solutions. In this study, using polystyrene (PS) fibers and various nanomaterials, improved respiratory filters were fabricated to remove air pollutants. In this context, ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) integrated into dendritic structures of KCC-1 silica were used to improve the filters' ability to absorb pollutants. For the first time, the removal of gasses by modified filters with a novel polymeric nanocomposite (PS/ZnO-KCC-1) stabilized on the surface of respiratory filters was investigated. Moreover, two different methods including stabilized- and solution-based techniques were used to prepare the filters with different amounts of ZnO NPs and their efficiency was evaluated. All synthesized nanocomposites and developed filters were characterized by FT-IR, FESEM, TGA and XRD methods. The successful stabilization of nanostructures on the fibers was proved and the performance of the fibers was investigated with some tests, such as pressure drop and removal of suspended particles and CO2 (89%), NO2 (86%), and SO2 (83%) gases. PS/KCC-1-ZnO (5%) has better performance than other prepared fibers. The results showed that the removal of suspended particles in the filter containing ZnO and KCC-1 (M5) nanostructures was improved by 18% compared to the filter consisting of polystyrene fibers. The pressure drop increased with the addition of nanostructures and reached 180 Pa in the M5 filter. The filter containing ZnO NPs showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus (S.) aureus and Escherichia (E.) coli as Gram-positive and Gram-negative model bacteria using the Agar disk-diffusion method. Based on the results, the use of improved respiratory filters is recommended as an effective solution for combating air pollution and protecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Edrisi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Nanotechnology, Urmia University Urmia Iran +98 44 32752741
| | - Mehdi Mahmoudian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Nanotechnology, Urmia University Urmia Iran +98 44 32752741
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Urmia University Urmia Iran
| | - Nasrin Shadjou
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Nanotechnology, Urmia University Urmia Iran +98 44 32752741
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Urmia University Urmia Iran
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Boroumand S, Majidi RF, Gheibi A, Majidi RF. Selenium nanoparticles incorporated in nanofibers media eliminate H1N1 activity: a novel approach for virucidal antiviral and antibacterial respiratory mask. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:2360-2376. [PMID: 38063966 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The consecutive viral infectious outbreaks impose severe complications on public health besides the economic burden which led to great interest in antiviral personal protective equipment (PPE). Nanofiber-based respiratory mask has been introduced as a significant barrier to eliminate the airborne transmission from aerosols toward reduction the viral infection spreading. Herein, selenium nanoparticles incorporated in polyamide 6 nanofibers coated on spunbond nonwoven were synthesized via electrospinning technique (PA6@SeNPs), with an average diameter of 180 ± 2 nm. The nanofiber-coated media were tested for 0.3 μm particulate filtration efficiency based on Standard NIOSH (42 CFR 84). PA6@SeNPs had a pressure drop of 45 ± 2 Pa and particulate filtration efficiency of more than 97.33 which is comparable to the N95 respiratory mask. The bacterial killing efficiency of these nanofibers was 91.25% and 16.67% against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), respectively. Furthermore, the virucidal antiviral test for H1N1 infected Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells (MDCK) exhibited TCID50 of 108.13, 105.88, and 105.5 for 2, 10, and 120 min of exposure times in comparison with 108.5, 107.5, and 106.5 in PA6 nanofibers as control sample. MTT assay indicated excellent biocompatibility of electrospun PA6@SeNP nanofibers on L292 cells. These results propose the PA6@SeNP nanofibers have a high potential to be used as an efficient layer in respiratory masks for protection against respiratory pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Gheibi
- Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (Fnm Co. Ltd.), Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Faridi Majidi
- Fanavaran Nano-Meghyas (Fnm Co. Ltd.), Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Verma D, Nichakornpong N, Kraiwitwattana U, Okhawilai M, Kasemsiri P, Potiyaraj P, Rangkupan R. High performance filtration membranes from electrospun poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)-based fiber membranes for fine particulate protection. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116144. [PMID: 37201705 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 (particulate matter with a size of <2.5 μm) pollution has become a critical issue owing to its adverse health effects, including bronchitis, pneumonopathy, and cardiovascular diseases. Globally, around 8.9 million premature casualties related to exposure to PM2.5 were reported. Face masks are the only option that may restrict exposure to PM2.5. In this study, a PM2.5 dust filter was developed via the electrospinning technique using the poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) biopolymer. Smooth and continuous fibers without beads were formed. The PHB membrane was further characterized, and the effects of the polymer solution concentration, applied voltage, and needle-to-collector distance were analyzed via the design of experiments technique, with three factors and three levels. The concentration of the polymer solution had the most significant effect on the fiber size and the porosity. The fiber diameter increased with increasing concentration, but decreases the porosity. The sample with a fiber diameter of ∼600 nm exhibited a higher PM2.5 filtration efficiency than the samples with a diameter of 900 nm, according to an ASTM F2299-based test. The PHB fiber mats fabricated at a concentration of 10%w/v, applied voltage of 15 kV, and needle tip-to-collector distance of 20 cm exhibited a high filtration efficiency of 95% and a pressure drop of <5 mmH2O/cm2. The tensile strength of the developed membranes ranged from 2.4 to 5.01 MPa, higher than those of the mask filters available in the market. Therefore, the prepared electrospun PHB fiber mats have great potential for the manufacture of PM2.5 filtration membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Verma
- International Graduate Program of Nanoscience & Technology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nichakan Nichakornpong
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Unchalee Kraiwitwattana
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Manunya Okhawilai
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Research Unit on Polymeric Materials for Medical Devices, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Pornnapa Kasemsiri
- Sustainable Infrastructure Research and Development Center and Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Pranut Potiyaraj
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Ratthapol Rangkupan
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Espinoza-Montero PJ, Montero-Jiménez M, Rojas-Quishpe S, Alcívar León CD, Heredia-Moya J, Rosero-Chanalata A, Orbea-Hinojosa C, Piñeiros JL. Nude and Modified Electrospun Nanofibers, Application to Air Purification. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13030593. [PMID: 36770554 PMCID: PMC9919942 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Air transports several pollutants, including particulate matter (PM), which can produce cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Thus, it is a challenge to control pollutant emissions before releasing them to the environment. Until now, filtration has been the most efficient processes for removing PM. Therefore, the electrospinning procedure has been applied to obtain membranes with a high filtration efficiency and low pressure drop. This review addressed the synthesis of polymers that are used for fabricating high-performance membranes by electrospinning to remove air pollutants. Then, the most influential parameters to produce electrospun membranes are indicated. The main results show that electrospun membranes are an excellent alternative to having air filters due to the versatility of the process, the capacity for controlling the fiber diameter, porosity, high filtration efficiency and low-pressure drop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio J. Espinoza-Montero
- Escuela de Ciencia Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 17012184, Ecuador
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +593-2299-1700 (ext. 1929)
| | - Marjorie Montero-Jiménez
- Escuela de Ciencia Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 17012184, Ecuador
| | - Stalin Rojas-Quishpe
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | | | - Jorge Heredia-Moya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Alfredo Rosero-Chanalata
- Escuela de Ciencia Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 17012184, Ecuador
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Orbea-Hinojosa
- Departamento de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad de Las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Av. Gral. Rumiñahui S/N, Sangolquí P.O. Box 171-5-231B, Ecuador
| | - José Luis Piñeiros
- Escuela de Ciencia Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito 17012184, Ecuador
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Facile preparation of TiO2/SiO2/modified polystyrene resin composite superhydrophobic coatings for self-cleaning and oil/water separation. Colloid Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-022-05032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Özen HA, Mutuk T, Yiğiter M. Smoke filtration performances of membranes produced from commercial PVA and recycled PET by electrospinning method and ANN modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:2469-2479. [PMID: 35927407 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste and air pollution are becoming a great concern due to their adverse effect on human health and the environment. There is increasing number of evidence showing that recycling plastic and filtering harmful air pollutants are one of the most effective and promising way to eliminate their hazard on the environment. In this purpose, we developed eco-friendly filtration materials from recycled PET by electrospinning method to be used in air filtration and compared them with conventional PVA membranes. Filtration efficiency of prepared membranes were tested homemade membrane system using cigarette smoke source. Characterization results and smoke filtration performance of recycled PET and PVA membranes before and after smoke filtration were examined. The results demonstrated that the removal efficiencies of PVA-5 wt.%, PVA-10 wt.%, and PVA-15 wt.% were 4.11%, 11.32%, and 12.14%, respectively. A similar trend was also observed in recycled PET-5 wt.%, PET-10 wt.%, and PET-15 wt.% membranes with 4.32%, 10.79%, and 11.68% of filtration efficiency, respectively. Based on this result, using recycled PET can be an alternative way to produce a higher value product compared to traditional polymer membranes used commercially. This result is also supported by the neural network model of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya Aykaç Özen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55200, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Mutuk
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55200, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Merve Yiğiter
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55200, Samsun, Turkey
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Robert B, Nallathambi G. Tailoring mechanically robust nanofibrous membrane for PM 2.5-0.3 filtration and evaluating their behavior using response surface Box–Behnken design. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2075757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berly Robert
- Department of Textile Technology, Anna University, Chennai, India
| | - Gobi Nallathambi
- Department of Textile Technology, Anna University, Chennai, India
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Robert B, Nallathambi G. Highly oriented poly (
m‐phenylene
isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile based coaxial nanofibers integrated with electrospun
polyacrylonitrile‐silver
nanoparticle: Application in air filtration of particulate and microbial contaminants. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berly Robert
- Department of Textile Technology Anna University Chennai India
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