Insertion of Two Independent Enhancers in the Long Terminal Repeat of a Self-Inactivating Vector Results in High-Titer Retroviral Vectors with Tissue-Specific Expression

Lentiviral vectors

We review the use of lentiviral vectors in current human gene therapy applications that involve genetic modification of nondividing tissues with integrated transgenes. Safety issues, including insertional mutagenesis and replication-competent retroviruses, are discussed. Innate cellular defenses against retroviruses and their implications for human gene therapy with different lentiviral vectors are also addressed.