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Chen AYY, Tully T. A stress-enhanced model for discovery of disease-modifying gene: Ece1-suppresses the toxicity of α-synuclein A30P. Neurobiol Dis 2018. [PMID: 29524599 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive motor neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The complexity of disease etiology includes both genetic and environmental factors. No effective drug that can modify disease progression and protect dopamine neurons from degeneration is presently available. Human α-Synuclein A30P (A30P) is a mutant gene identified in early onset PD and showed to result selective dopamine neuron loss in transgenic A30P flies and mice. Paraquat (PQ) is an herbicide and an oxidative stress generator, linked to sporadic PD. We hypothesized that vital PD modifier genes are conserved across species and would show unique transcriptional changes to oxidative stress in animals expressing a PD-associated gene, such as A30P. We also hypothesized that manipulation of PD modifier genes would provide neuroprotection across species. To identify disease modifier genes, we performed two independently-duplicated experiments of microarray, capturing genome-wide transcriptional changes in A30P flies, chronically fed with PQ-contaminated food. We hypothesized that the best time point of identifying a disease modifier gene is at time when flies showed maximal combined toxicity of A30P transgene and PQ treatment during an early stage of disease and that effective disease modifiers gene are those showing transcriptional changes to oxidative stress in A30P expressing and not in wild type animals. Fly Neprilysin3 (Nep3) is one identified gene that is highly conserved. Its mouse and human homolog is endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (Ece1). To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Ece1, we used NS1 cells and mouse midbrain neurons expressing A30P, treated with or without PQ. We found that ECE1 expression protected against A30P toxicity on cell viability, on neurite outgrowth and ameliorated A30P accumulation in vitro. Expression of ECE1 in vivo suppressed dopamine neuron loss and alleviated the corresponding motor deficits in mice with A30P-expression. Our study leverages a new approach to identify disease modifier genes using a stress-enhanced PD animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Yen-Yu Chen
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Life Sciences 550, SUNY at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Dart Neuroscience LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr., San Diego, CA 92131, USA.
| | - Tim Tully
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Rd, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Dart Neuroscience LLC, 12278 Scripps Summit Dr., San Diego, CA 92131, USA.
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Li Y, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ. Identification of dihydrogambogic acid as a matrix metalloproteinase 1 inhibitor by high-throughput screening. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2017; 10:499-502. [PMID: 29270028 PMCID: PMC5720033 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s148203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Gary J Fisher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Benson N, Boyd HF, Everett JR, Fries J, Gribbon P, Haque N, Henco K, Jessen T, Martin WH, Mathewson TJ, Sharp RE, Spencer RW, Stuhmeier F, Wallace MS, Winkler D. NanoStore: A Concept for Logistical Improvements of Compound Handling in High-Throughput Screening. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 10:573-80. [PMID: 16103412 DOI: 10.1177/1087057105277234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule screening, the systematic encounter of biology space with chemical space, has provoked the emergence of a whole industry that recreates itself by constant iterative improvements to this process. The authors describe an approach to tackle the problem for one of the most time-consuming steps in the execution of a screening campaign, namely, the reformatting of high-throughput screening test compounds from master plates to daughter assay plates used in the execution of the screen. Through an engineered storage procedure, they prepare plates ahead of the screening process with the respective compounds in a ready-to-use format. They show the biological inertness of the method and how it facilitates efficient recovery of compound activity. This uncoupling of normally interconnected processes provides time and compound savings, avoids repeated freeze-thaw cycles of compound solutions, and removes the problems associated with the DMSO sensitivity of certain assays types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Benson
- Discovery Biology, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom
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Price JA. Microplate fluorescence protease assays test the inhibition of select North American snake venoms' activities with an anti-proteinase library. Toxicon 2015; 103:145-54. [PMID: 26130521 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Snake envenomation is a relatively neglected significant world health problem, designated an orphan disease by the WHO. While often effective, antivenins are insufficient. Could another approach greatly aid inhibition of the venom toxins? New fluorescent substrates for measuring protease activity in microplate assays suitable for high throughput screening were tested and found reproducible with snake venom. Representative North American venoms showed relatively strong proteinase and collagenase, but weaker elastase activities. Caseinolytic activity is inhibited by the nonspecific proteinase inhibitor 1,10-phenanthroline and by EDTA, as is collagenase activity, consistent with the action of metalloproteinases. Both general protease and collagenase assays CV average 3%, and Km measured were above normal working conditions. Using a library of anti -proteinase compounds with multiple venoms revealed high inhibitor activity by three agents with known multiple metalloproteinase inhibitor activity (Actinonin, GM6001, and NNGH), which incidentally supports the concept that much of the degradative activity of certain venoms is due to metalloproteinases with collagenase activity. These results together support the use of microplate proteinase assays, particularly this collagenase assay, in future drug repurposing studies leading to the development of new treatments for those envenomations that have a major proteolytic component in their pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Price
- Department of Pathology, Oklahoma State University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1111 W. 17th St. Tulsa, OK 74107, USA.
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Wang H, Xu W, Cao J, Wang W. Rapid screening of aminopeptidase N inhibitors by capillary electrophoresis with electrophoretically mediated microanalysis. Electrophoresis 2014; 36:319-25. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
| | - Wenfang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
| | - Jiangying Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
| | - Weihong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
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Liu TC, Huang H, Dong ZN, He A, Li M, Wu YS, Xu WW. Development of an amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay for quantitative determination of hepatitis B surface antigen in human serum. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 426:139-44. [PMID: 24064424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a serious risk to human health and the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is a popular biomarker in the diagnosis of HBV infection. A quantitative method with a high degree of accuracy, sensitivity and throughput is needed. METHODS A novel amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay (AlphaLISA) was developed for HBsAg determination. A set of monoclonal antibodies was screened against the main subtypes of HBsAg (adr, ay) to confirm the assay's sensitivity to mutants. Technological processes and reaction conditions were optimized and the assay performance was evaluated. RESULTS HBsAg concentrations were determined within a linear range of 0.04 to 100 IU ml(-1). The detection sensitivity was established as 0.01 IU ml(-1). Assay sensitivity to mutant HBsAg was achieved through antibody screening. The results demonstrate that the reproducibility, recovery, and specificity of this assay for HBsAg were better than acceptable. Compared with the commercial light-initiated chemiluminescence assay, the correlation coefficient of the novel assay was established as 0.921. CONCLUSIONS The novel AlphaLISA developed in this study has shorter incubation time and easier protocol than the ones of conventional ELISA. It could be used for the clinical determination of HBsAg in human serum. We established a platform for further development of other biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Cai Liu
- Institute of Antibody Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
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Hai X, Wang X, El-Attug M, Adams E, Hoogmartens J, Van Schepdael A. In-Capillary Screening of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors by Electrophoretically Mediated Microanalysis with Fluorescence Detection. Anal Chem 2010; 83:425-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1027098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hai
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xu Wang
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed El-Attug
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erwin Adams
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Hoogmartens
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Cheng XC, Fang H, Xu WF. Advances in assays of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2008; 23:154-67. [PMID: 18343899 DOI: 10.1080/14756360701511292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in many physiological and pathological processes. To assay the activities of MMPs is important in diagnosis and therapy of the MMPs associated diseases, such as neoplastic, rheumatic and cardiovascular diseases. Several assay systems have been developed, which include bioassay, zymography assay, immunoassay, fluorimetric assay, radio isotopic assay, phage-displayed assay, multiple-enzyme/multiple-reagent assay and activity-based profiling assay. The principle, application, advantage and disadvantage of these assays have been reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Chao Cheng
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Lombard C, Saulnier J, Wallach J. Assays of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activities: a review. Biochimie 2005; 87:265-72. [PMID: 15781313 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2005.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2004] [Accepted: 01/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity often remains a challenge, mainly in complex media. Two sets of methods are currently used. The first one measures the hydrolysis of natural protein substrates (labeled or not) and includes the popular zymography. These techniques which are quite sensitive, cannot generally be carried out on a continuous basis. The second one takes mainly advantage of the increase of fluorescence, which is associated to the hydrolysis of initially quenched fluorogenic peptide substrates. Quite recently, another group, which is a compromise between the other two, has been developed. It measures the hydrolysis of synthetic triple-helical peptide substrates. These different methods are described and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Lombard
- Laboratoire de biochimie analytique et synthèse bioorganique, UFR Chimie-Biochimie, Université Claude-Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France
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