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Zhang G, Li W, Yu M, Huang H, Wang Y, Han Z, Shi K, Ma L, Yu Z, Zhu X, Peng Z, Xu Y, Li X, Hu S, He J, Li D, Xi Y, Lan H, Xu L, Tang M, Xiao M. Electric-Field-Driven Printed 3D Highly Ordered Microstructure with Cell Feature Size Promotes the Maturation of Engineered Cardiac Tissues. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206264. [PMID: 36782337 PMCID: PMC10104649 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Engineered cardiac tissues (ECTs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are viable alternatives for cardiac repair, patient-specific disease modeling, and drug discovery. However, the immature state of ECTs limits their clinical utility. The microenvironment fabricated using 3D scaffolds can affect cell fate, and is crucial for the maturation of ECTs. Herein, the authors demonstrate an electric-field-driven (EFD) printed 3D highly ordered microstructure with cell feature size to promote the maturation of ECTs. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the EFD jet microscale 3D printing overcomes the jet repulsion without any prior requirements for both conductive and insulating substrates. Furthermore, the 3D highly ordered microstructures with a fiber diameter of 10-20 µm and spacing of 60-80 µm have been fabricated by maintaining a vertical jet, achieving the largest ratio of fiber diameter/spacing of 0.29. The hiPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes formed ordered ECTs with their sarcomere growth along the fiber and developed synchronous functional ECTs inside the 3D-printed scaffold with matured calcium handling compared to the 2D coverslip. Therefore, the EFD jet 3D microscale printing process facilitates the fabrication of scaffolds providing a suitable microenvironment to promote the maturation of ECTs, thereby showing great potential for cardiac tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Wenhai Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Zhifeng Han
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Kai Shi
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Lingxuan Ma
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Zilong Peng
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Shijun Hu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Dichen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Yongming Xi
- Department of Spinal SurgeryThe Affilliated Hosepital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao266003P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Lan
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive ManufacturingQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520P. R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Yantai Affiliated HospitalBinzhou Medical UniversityYantai264100P. R. China
- Institute of Rehabilitation EngineeringBinzhou Medical UniversityYantai264100P. R. China
| | - Mingliang Tang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
- Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantong226001P. R. China
| | - Miao Xiao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated HospitalMedical CollegeSoochow UniversitySuzhou215000P. R. China
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Experimental Analysis of Wax Micro-Droplet 3D Printing Based on a High-Voltage Electric Field-Driven Jet Deposition Technology. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage electric field-driven jet deposition technology is a novel high resolution micro scale 3D printing method. In this paper, a novel micro 3D printing method is proposed to fabricate wax micro-structures. The mechanism of the Taylor cone generation and droplet eject deposition was analyzed, and a high-voltage electric field-driven jet printing experimental system was developed based on the principle of forming. The effects of process parameters, such as pulse voltages, gas pressures, pulse width, pulse frequency, and movement velocity, on wax printing were investigated. The experimental results show that the increasing of pulse width and duration of pulse high voltage increased at the same pulse frequency, resulting in the micro-droplet diameter being increased. The deposited droplet underwent a process of spreading, shrinking, and solidifying. The local remelting and bonding were acquired between the contact surfaces of the adjacent deposited droplets. According to the experiment results, a horizontal line and a vertical micro-column were fabricated by adjusting the process parameters; their size deviation was controlled within 2%. This research shows that it is feasible to fabricate the micro-scale wax structure using high-voltage electric field-driven jet deposition technology.
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Liu Z, Zhou B, Li C, Wang Y, Wen S, Zhou Y, Jiang L, Zhou F, Betts A, Jerrams S. Printable dielectric elastomers of high electromechanical properties based on SEBS ink incorporated with polyphenols modified dielectric particles. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zhang H, Shi T, Ma A. Recent Advances in Design and Preparation of Polymer-Based Thermal Management Material. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2797. [PMID: 34451339 PMCID: PMC8400957 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The boosting of consumer electronics and 5G technology cause the continuous increment of the power density of electronic devices and lead to inevitable overheating problems, which reduces the operation efficiency and shortens the service life of electronic devices. Therefore, it is the primary task and a prerequisite to explore innovative material for meeting the requirement of high heat dissipation performance. In comparison with traditional thermal management material (e.g., ceramics and metals), the polymer-based thermal management material exhibit excellent mechanical, electrical insulation, chemical resistance and processing properties, and therefore is considered to be the most promising candidate to solve the heat dissipation problem. In this review, we summarized the recent advances of two typical polymer-based thermal management material including thermal-conduction thermal management material and thermal-storage thermal management material. Furtherly, the structural design, processing strategies and typical applications for two polymer-based thermal management materials were discussed. Finally, we proposed the challenges and prospects of the polymer-based thermal management material. This work presents new perspectives to develop advanced processing approaches and construction high-performance polymer-based thermal management material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aijie Ma
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an 710021, China; (H.Z.); (T.S.)
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Zhang H, Qi T, Zhu X, Zhou L, Li Z, Zhang YF, Yang W, Yang J, Peng Z, Zhang G, Wang F, Guo P, Lan H. 3D Printing of a PDMS Cylindrical Microlens Array with 100% Fill-Factor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36295-36306. [PMID: 34293853 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cylindrical microlens arrays (CMLAs) play a key role in many optoelectronic devices, and 100% fill-factor CMLAs also have the advantage of improving the signal-to-noise ratio and avoiding stray-light effects. However, the existing preparation technologies are complicated and costly, which are not suitable for mass production. Herein, we propose a simple, efficient, and low-cost manufacturing method for CMLAs with a high fill-factor via the electric-field-driven (EFD) microscale 3D printing of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). By adjusting the printing parameters, the profile and the fill-factor of the CMLAs can be controlled to improve their optical performance. The optical performance test results show that the printed PDMS CMLAs have good image-projecting and light-diffraction properties. Using the two printing modes of this EFD microscale 3D-printing technology, a cylindrical dual-microlens array with a double-focusing function is simply prepared. At the same time, we print a series of specially shaped microlenses, proving the flexible manufacturing capabilities of this technology. The results show that the prepared CMLAs have good morphology and optical properties. The proposed method may provide a viable route for manufacturing large-area CMLAs with 100% fill-factor in a very simple, efficient, and low-cost manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houchao Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Tianyu Qi
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Longjian Zhou
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Zhenghao Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Yuan-Fang Zhang
- Digital Manufacturing and Design Centre, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore
| | - Wenchao Yang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Zilong Peng
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Hongbo Lan
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
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Zhu X, Liu M, Qi X, Li H, Zhang YF, Li Z, Peng Z, Yang J, Qian L, Xu Q, Gou N, He J, Li D, Lan H. Templateless, Plating-Free Fabrication of Flexible Transparent Electrodes with Embedded Silver Mesh by Electric-Field-Driven Microscale 3D Printing and Hybrid Hot Embossing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007772. [PMID: 33829552 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flexible transparent electrodes (FTEs) with an embedded metal mesh are considered a promising alternative to traditional indium tin oxide (ITO) due to their excellent photoelectric performance, surface roughness, and mechanical and environmental stability. However, great challenges remain for achieving simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly manufacturing of high-performance FTEs with embedded metal mesh. Herein, a maskless, templateless, and plating-free fabrication technique is proposed for FTEs with embedded silver mesh by combining an electric-field-driven (EFD) microscale 3D printing technique and a newly developed hybrid hot-embossing process. The final fabricated FTE exhibits superior optoelectronic properties with a transmittance of 85.79%, a sheet resistance of 0.75 Ω sq-1 , a smooth surface of silver mesh (Ra ≈ 18.8 nm) without any polishing treatment, and remarkable mechanical stability and environmental adaptability with a negligible increase in sheet resistance under diverse cyclic tests and harsh working conditions (1000 bending cycles, 80 adhesion tests, 120 scratch tests, 100 min ultrasonic test, and 72 h chemical attack). The practical viability of this FTE is successfully demonstrated with a flexible transparent heater applied to deicing. The technique proposed offers a promising fabrication strategy with a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process for high-performance FTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Zhu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Mingyang Liu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Ximeng Qi
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Hongke Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Yuan-Fang Zhang
- Digital Manufacturing and Design Centre, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, 487372, Singapore
| | - Zhenghao Li
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Zilong Peng
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
- College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Lei Qian
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Quan Xu
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Nairui Gou
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Dichen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Hongbo Lan
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China
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Li X, Zhang G, Li W, Yu Z, Yang K, Lan H. The Electric-Field-Driven Fusion Jetting 3D Printing for Fabricating High Resolution Polylactic Acid/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Composite Micro-Scale Structures. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E1132. [PMID: 33371443 PMCID: PMC7767455 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Existing 3D printing techniques are still facing the challenge of low resolution for fabricating polymer matrix composites, inhibiting the wide engineering applications for the biomedical engineering (biomimetic scaffolds), micro fuel cells, and micro-electronics. In order to achieve high resolution fabrication of polylactic acid (PLA)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites, this paper presents an electric-field-driven (EFD) fusion jetting 3D printing method by combining the mixing effect and material feeding of the micro-screw and the necking effect of Taylor cone by the EFD. The effects of main process parameters (the carbon loading, the voltage, the screw speed, and the printing speed) on the line width and the printing quality were studied and optimized. To demonstrate the printing capability of this proposed method, meshes with line width of 30 µm to 100 μm and 1 wt.% to 5 wt.% MWCNT for the application of conductive biomimetic scaffold and the anisotropic flexible meshes were prepared. The electrical properties were investigated to present the frequency dependence of the alternating current conductivity and the dielectric loss (tanδ), and the microstructures of printed structures demonstrated the uniformly dispersed MWCNT in PLA matrix. Therefore, it provides a new solution to fabricate micro-scale structures of composite materials, especially the 3D conductive biomimetic scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Additive Manufacturing, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; (X.L.); (W.L.); (Z.Y.); (K.Y.); (H.L.)
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