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Leskowitz E. A cartography of energy medicine: From subtle anatomy to energy physiology. Explore (NY) 2020; 18:152-164. [PMID: 33168457 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The field of energy medicine (EM) is perhaps the most controversial branch of integrative medicine. Its core concept - the existence of an invisible healing energy - has not yet been validated by Western medicine, and the mechanism(s) of action of its techniques have not been fully elucidated. This paper addresses these problems by marshalling several types of evidence: basic science research into electromagnetic fields (EMF), subjective sensations experienced when receiving EM treatments, and clairvoyant perceptions of EM in action. The latter two sources of information, while not solid enough to meet current standards of scientific rigor, can nonetheless generate important new information. A hypothesis is then developed to explain these findings. First, the main components of the human subtle energy system are presented: the "subtle anatomy" of the meridians, of the energy centers and of the biofield. Several representative EM techniques are then analyzed to determine which specific components of that energy structure they impact. Next, EM's mechanisms of action are explored by describing how these altered energy dynamics can affect biologic processes. This subject is termed "energy physiology", in parallel with conventional medicine's foundation in anatomy and physiology. Finally, potential research into energy physiology is outlined that focuses on several common but distinctive experiences which are not fully explained by the current mechanistic biomedical model. Plausible and testable energy-based explanations are proposed for phantom limb pain, emotional entrainment in groups, unusually rapid symptom response to EM, and the invisible templates that guide cell growth and differentiation. This analysis is intended to serve as a guide to future clinical and research explorations into the multidimensional nature of human beings. As Western medicine develops technologies that can generate objective empiric evidence in these subtle domains, we will be able to more fully understand the energetic components of health and illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Leskowitz
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, United States.
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Bordoni B, Marelli F, Morabito B, Sacconi B. Emission of Biophotons and Adjustable Sounds by the Fascial System: Review and Reflections for Manual Therapy. J Evid Based Integr Med 2019; 23:2515690X17750750. [PMID: 29405763 PMCID: PMC5871034 DOI: 10.1177/2515690x17750750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Every body structure is wrapped in connective tissue or fascia, creating a structural continuity that gives form and function to every tissue and organ. The fascial tissue is uniformly distributed throughout the body, enveloping, interacting with and permeating blood vessels, nerves, viscera, meninges, bones and muscles, creating various layers at different depths and forming a tridimensional metabolic and mechanical matrix. This article reviews the literature on the emission of biophotons and adjustable sounds by the fascial system, because these biological changes could be a means of local and systemic cellular communication and become another assessment tool for manual (therapy) practitioners. This is the first article that discusses these topics in a single text, attempting to bring such information into an area of application that is beneficial to osteopaths, chiropractors, and manual therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabiola Marelli
- 2 CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Gorla Minore (VA), Italy.,3 CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Fano (Pesaro Urbino), Italy
| | - Bruno Morabito
- 2 CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Gorla Minore (VA), Italy.,3 CRESO, School of Osteopathic Centre for Research and Studies, Fano (Pesaro Urbino), Italy.,4 Foundation Polyclinic University A. Gemelli University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Yakovleva EG, Korotkov KG, Fedorov ED, Ivanova EV, Plahov RV, Belonosov SS. Engineering Approach to Identifying Patients with Colon Tumors on the Basis of Electrophotonic Imaging Technique Data. Open Biomed Eng J 2016; 10:72-80. [PMID: 27583036 PMCID: PMC4994194 DOI: 10.2174/1874120701610010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colonic neoplasms are quite a serious problem today. Screening methods play an important role in diagnosing the disease. Colorectal cancer screening is a complex undertaking, having various options, which require a lot of efforts both from the doctor and from the patient, including the use of sedatives and the necessity of the presence of an assistant for some procedures such as colonoscopy. This is why it is very important to find a method by which one can make a diagnosis quickly, easily, and painlessly. Methods: The ability to identify patients with tumors of the colon using the Electrophotonic Imaging (EPI) technique, as well as using it for differential diagnosis of tumors of the colon by their morphology, size and quantity was investigated. Selection of the most significant parameters of the EPI-graphy for the separation of the control group and the group of patients with tumors of the colon was developed. 137 people were studied with the EPI camera, with ages ranging from 16 to 86 years, including 49 males and 88 females. Based on the results of the colonoscopy and histological findings all subjects were divided into 2 groups: control group of 55 people, 9 males, 46 females; and patients with tumors (benign or malignant) of the colon - 82 people; 40 males and 42 females. Then all subjects were divided into smaller groups based on morphology, size, number of tumors and localization. Results: Based on the identified indicators decision rules to determine the patients with tumors of the colon were constructed. The specificity of the resulting function was 80.0% and sensitivity 75.6%. Decision rule was built as well with logistic regression. The specificity of the resulting function was 78.2% and sensitivity 90.0%. The accuracy of this approach was higher than using discriminant analysis. Conclusions: The results of this study have proven the ability to identify patients with tumors of the colon using EPI technology, as well as use it for differential diagnosis of tumors of the colon by their morphology, size and quantity. EPI testing is non-invasive, takes less than five minutes, and equipment is relatively cheap and accessible in mass production. This opens up good prospects for further research for implementation as a first step of the screening process. This paper presents the pilot study developing methodological approach to the GDV data processing. That is why we tried different methods of data processing. At the same time we do not pretend to develop a diagnostic method – sample size is too small for this, and other cancer types were not studied. Further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E G Yakovleva
- Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - K G Korotkov
- Saint Petersburg Federal University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, Russia
| | - E D Fedorov
- Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Ivanova
- Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - R V Plahov
- Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - S S Belonosov
- Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Yakovleva EG, Buntseva OA, Belonosov SS, Fedorov ED, Korotkov K, Zarubina TV. Identifying Patients with Colon Neoplasias with Gas Discharge Visualization Technique. J Altern Complement Med 2015; 21:720-4. [PMID: 26302046 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform an initial assessment of the potential of using the gas discharge visualization (GDV) technique to identify patients with colon neoplasias. METHODS The GDV camera (also known as the electrophotonic imaging camera) was used to assess the participants. Colonoscopy was performed on all 78 participants, followed by a GDV scan. The control group consisted of 22 people. An endoscopic examination identified colon tumors in the remaining 56 participants. Participant ages ranged from 45 to 86 years (mean, 64.6 ± 1.2 years). The study analyzed GDV images of each patient's fingers, presenting a whole-body view, as well as separate sectors corresponding to the organs in question. RESULTS There was a significant number of differences between the control group and the patients with colon tumors. The dynamic of the parameters was examined as the level of tumor dysplasia (neoplasia) varied. The values of the following parameters decreased in the control group as compared to the patients with cancerous polyps: normalized luminescence area, internal noise, contour radius, and average luminescence intensity. The values of the following parameters increased in the control group: radius of the inscribed circle, contour line length, area of luminescence, contour line fractality, contour line entropy, and form coefficients. CONCLUSION This pilot study demonstrated a statistical difference between the GDV parameters of patients with colon tumors and the control group. These findings warrant a more in-depth study of the potential for GDV technique in screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina G Yakovleva
- 1 Russian National Research Medical University Named after N.I. Pirogov , Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Buntseva
- 1 Russian National Research Medical University Named after N.I. Pirogov , Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei S Belonosov
- 1 Russian National Research Medical University Named after N.I. Pirogov , Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenii D Fedorov
- 1 Russian National Research Medical University Named after N.I. Pirogov , Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Korotkov
- 2 Saint Petersburg National Research University of Informational Technologies , Mechanics and Optics, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Zarubina
- 1 Russian National Research Medical University Named after N.I. Pirogov , Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression affect many people. Treatments do not have complete success and often require people to take drugs for long periods of time. Many people look for other treatments that may help. One of those is Reiki, a 2500 year old treatment described as a vibrational or subtle energy therapy, and is most commonly facilitated by light touch on or above the body. There have been reports of Reiki alleviating anxiety and depression, but no specific systematic review. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of Reiki for treating anxiety and depression in people aged 16 and over. SEARCH METHODS Search of the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL - all years), the Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Review Group's Specialised Register (CCDANCTR - all years), EMBASE, (1974 to November 2014), MEDLINE (1950 to November 2014), PsycINFO (1967 to November 2014) and AMED (1985 to November 2014). Additional searches were carried out on the World Health Organization Trials Portal (ICTRP) together with ClinicalTrials.gov to identify any ongoing or unpublished studies. All searches were up to date as of 4 November 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised trials in adults with anxiety or depression or both, with at least one arm treated with Reiki delivered by a trained Reiki practitioner. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS The two authors independently decided on inclusion/exclusion of studies and extracted data. A prior analysis plan had been specified but was not needed as the data were too sparse. MAIN RESULTS We found three studies for inclusion in the review. One recruited males with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of non-metastatic prostate cancer who were not receiving chemotherapy and had elected to receive external-beam radiation therapy; the second study recruited community-living participants who were aged 55 years and older; the third study recruited university students.These studies included subgroups with anxiety and depression as defined by symptom scores and provided data separately for those subgroups. As this included only 25 people with anxiety and 17 with depression and 20 more with either anxiety or depression, but which was not specified, the results could only be reported narratively. They show no evidence that Reiki is either beneficial or harmful in this population. The risk of bias for the included studies was generally rated as unclear or high for most domains, which reduces the certainty of the evidence. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to say whether or not Reiki is useful for people over 16 years of age with anxiety or depression or both.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Peter Herbison
- Dunedin School of Medicine, University of OtagoDepartment of Preventive & Social MedicinePO Box 913DunedinNew Zealand9054
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Ives JA, van Wijk EPA, Bat N, Crawford C, Walter A, Jonas WB, van Wijk R, van der Greef J. Ultraweak photon emission as a non-invasive health assessment: a systematic review. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87401. [PMID: 24586274 PMCID: PMC3938423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review (SR) of the peer reviewed scientific literature on ultraweak photon emissions (UPE) from humans. The question was: Can ultraweak photon emissions from humans be used as a non-invasive health assessment? A systematic search was conducted across eight relevant databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, BIOSIS, CINAHL, PSYCHINFO, All of Cochrane EBM databases, GIDEON, DoD Biomedical Research, and clinicaltrials.gov from database inception to October 2011. Of the 1315 studies captured by the search strategy, 56 met the inclusion criteria, out of which 1 was a RCT, 27 were CCT, and 28 were observational and descriptive studies. There were no systematic reviews/meta-analyses that fit the inclusion criteria. In this report, the authors provide an assessment of the quality of the RCT included; describe the characteristics of all the included studies, the outcomes assessed, and the effectiveness of photon emission as a potential health assessment tool. This report demonstrates that the peer reviewed literature on UPE and human UPE measurement in particular is surprisingly large. Most of the human UPE literature is of good to high quality based on our systematic evaluation. However, an evaluation tool for systematically evaluating this type of "bio-evaluation" methodology is not currently available and would be worth developing. Publications in the peer reviewed literature over the last 50 years demonstrate that the use of "off-the-shelf" technologies and well described methodologies for the detection of human photon emissions are being used on a regular basis in medical and research settings. The overall quality of this literature is good and the use of this approach for determining inflammatory and oxidative states of patients indicate the growing use and value of this approach as both a medical and research tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A. Ives
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Eduard P. A. van Wijk
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Meluna Research, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Namuun Bat
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Cindy Crawford
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Avi Walter
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Wayne B. Jonas
- Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Roeland van Wijk
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Meluna Research, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van der Greef
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Division of Analytical Biosciences, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Sino-Dutch Centre for Preventive and Personalized Medicine/Centre for Photonics of Living Systems, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, The Netherlands
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Hossu M, Ma L, Zou X, Chen W. Enhancement of biophoton emission of prostate cancer cells by Ag nanoparticles. Cancer Nanotechnol 2013; 4:21-26. [PMID: 26069498 PMCID: PMC4451865 DOI: 10.1007/s12645-013-0034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultraweak intrinsic bioluminescence of cancer cell is a noninvasive method of assessing bioenergetic status of the investigated cells. This weak biophoton emission generated by prostate cancer cells (PC3) was measured in the presence of Ag nanoparticles and its correlation with singlet oxygen production was investigated. The comparison between nanoparticles concentration, bioluminescence intensity, and cell survival showed that Ag nanoparticles do not significantly affect cell survival at used concentration but they increase cell bioluminescent processes. It was also confirmed that singlet oxygen contributes to biophoton emission, that Ag nanoparticles increase this contribution, and that there are secondary mechanisms independent of singlet oxygen by which Ag nanoparticles contribute to increased cellular bioluminescence, possibly through plasmon resonance enhancement of intrinsic fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Hossu
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - Lun Ma
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - Xiaoju Zou
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
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Korotkov K, Shelkov O, Shevtsov A, Mohov D, Paoletti S, Mirosnichenko D, Labkovskaya E, Robertson L. Stress reduction with osteopathy assessed with GDV electrophotonic imaging: effects of osteopathy treatment. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 18:251-7. [PMID: 22420738 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2010.0853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to explore how osteopathy treatments influence certain measurable aspects of the human biofield; namely, various calculated parameters of finger corona discharge patterns produced by high-voltage electrophotography. METHODS The Gas Discharge Visualization camera was used to assess subjects before and after osteopathy treatment. Thirty-three (33) apparently healthy adults (20-56 years old) took part in the study. The patterns of light emitted from the subjects' fingertips were digitally recorded and computer analyzed. Parameters including normalized area, brightness, and right- and left-hand integrals were calculated and statistically compared. RESULTS Most of the recipients of these osteopathic treatments experienced increase in fingertip florescence area and average intensity, reduction in stress levels, and improved blood pressure measurements. With all of these parameters simultaneously improving, the patients received a good benefit from these sessions. CONCLUSIONS Virtually all subjects were in a good mood after treatment. Many of them had pain and muscle tension that disappeared. These changes were reflected in all parameters analyzed, in both psychosomatic and somatic states. Thus, osteopathic manipulations as administered in these two studies provide good, lasting relaxation. This study also provides the interesting observation that daily relaxation practices done by Dr. Paoletti enable him to work hard without additional stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Korotkov
- Saint Petersburg Federal Research Institute of Physical Culture, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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Drozdovski A, Gromova I, Korotkov K, Shelkov O, Akinnagbe F. Express-evaluation of the psycho-physiological condition of Paralympic athletes. Open Access J Sports Med 2012; 3:215-22. [PMID: 24198605 PMCID: PMC3781917 DOI: 10.2147/oajsm.s35888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Evaluation of elite athletes’ psycho-physiological condition at various stages of preparation and in international competition. Design Athletes were tested during training and participation in international competition using methods of galvanic skin response (GSR) and gas discharge visualization (GDV). Setting Saint Petersburg Federal Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport, Russia and Paralympic athletic training camp, Norway. Participants Eighteen athletes from Russia’s Skiing and Biathlon Paralympic Team. All athletes had some level of damage to their musculoskeletal system. Main outcome measures Stress level (SL), energy potential (EP), and psycho-emotional tension (PET). Results It was found that the higher the level of EP achieved by the athlete in the training period, the lower the SL in the competition time. The SL of an athlete recorded in the training period significantly correlates with the SL both before and at the time of competition. The PET and SL before the World Cup was negatively correlated to the results of skiing competitions. Conclusion Evaluation of PET, EP, and SL through GSR and GDV offers a fast, highly precise, non-invasive method to assess an athlete’s level of readiness during both training and at the time of competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Drozdovski
- Saint Petersburg Federal Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport, St Petersburg, Russia
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Hossu M, Ma L, Chen W. Nonlinear enhancement of spontaneous biophoton emission of sweet potato by silver nanoparticles. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2010; 99:44-8. [PMID: 20207158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultraweak biophoton emission of cutting-injured sweet potato is enhanced by the incubation with Ag nanoparticles in a nonlinear way. The late peak of the emission after the cutting injury is amplified as much as 15 times, while only little amplification was identified for the emission measured immediately after the cutting. The effect requires the presence of nutritive media to support the active metabolic processes and is also affected by the timing of the addition of the Ag nanoparticles. Proposed mechanisms of reactive oxygen species generation and energy resonance transfer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Hossu
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St. Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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