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Morimitsu Y, Nakahira M, Nishikawa A. The Effects of Reiki on the Stress of Japanese Nurses: Mixed Methods Pilot Study. J Holist Nurs 2024:8980101241265534. [PMID: 39042182 DOI: 10.1177/08980101241265534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: To identify the effects of Reiki on stress among Japanese nurses. Design: Mixed method and intervention design. Method: A nonprobability snowball sampling was used. Twenty-one nurses were invited to receive the Reiki intervention. Physical responses were measured by pulse rate, respiration rate, blood pressure rate, and salivary α-amylase activity pre- and postintervention. Psychological responses were evaluated by the mood dimensions and Total Mood Disturbance of the Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition. To obtain qualitative data, semistructured interviews were conducted after the intervention, and a web-based questionnaire was completed the following day. Findings: Twenty-one participants completed the study, and results indicated that the Reiki intervention significantly improved psychological stress reactions. No significant differences were found in physical stress. Two categories were identified from qualitative data: "positive effects" and "negative effects". Codes including "warm," "body feeling more comfortable," and "stress awareness" emerged as the positive effects. No adverse events were indicated. Conclusion: The results are the first step toward holistic nursing care in Japan and quantitative and qualitative data confirmed that Reiki improved the psychological aspect of stress responses of Japanese nurses.
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Yoong SQ, Jiang Y. Exploring the therapeutic potential of Reiki in patients with arrhythmias: a step towards holistic healing. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024:zvae087. [PMID: 38963809 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvae087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Si Qi Yoong
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Block MD11, Level 3, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Ying Jiang
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Block MD11, Level 3, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Guo X, Long Y, Qin Z, Fan Y. Therapeutic effects of Reiki on interventions for anxiety: a meta-analysis. BMC Palliat Care 2024; 23:147. [PMID: 38872168 PMCID: PMC11170819 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01439-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the therapeutic efficacy of Reiki therapy in alleviating anxiety. METHODS In adherence to academic standards, a thorough search was conducted across esteemed databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Library. The primary objective of this search was to pinpoint peer-reviewed articles published in English that satisfied specific criteria: (1) employing an experimental or quasi-experimental study design, (2) incorporating Reiki therapy as the independent variable, (3) encompassing diverse patient populations along with healthy individuals, and (4) assessing anxiety as the measured outcome. RESULTS The study involved 824 participants, all of whom were aged 18 years or older. Reiki therapy was found to have a significant effect on anxiety intervention(SMD=-0.82, 95CI -1.29∼-0.36, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis indicated that the types of subjects (chronically ill individuals and the general adult population) and the dosage/frequency of the intervention (≤ 3 sessions and 6-8 sessions) were significant factors influencing the variability in anxiety reduction. CONCLUSION Short-term Reiki therapy interventions of ≤ 3 sessions and 6-8 sessions have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing health and procedural anxiety in patients with chronic conditions such as gastrointestinal endoscopy inflammation, fibromyalgia, and depression, as well as in the general population. It is important to note that the efficacy of Reiki therapy in decreasing preoperative anxiety and death-related anxiety in preoperative patients and cancer patients is somewhat less consistent. These discrepancies may be attributed to individual pathophysiological states, psychological conditions, and treatment expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan Guo
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yue Long
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhikai Qin
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yongtao Fan
- Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Bektaş Akpınar N, Özcan Yüce U, Yurtsever S. The Effect of Distant Reiki on the Stress and Fatigue Levels of Nurses Working in COVID-19 Clinics: A Randomized-Controlled, Single-Blind Study. Holist Nurs Pract 2024; 38:102-108. [PMID: 35435859 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted using a pre/posttest, randomized-controlled, single-blind trial method. After the pretest, a survey was administered and, distant Reiki was applied to nurses in the intervention group (n = 30) for 20 minutes a day for 4 consecutive days at a usual time. No intervention was made in the control group (n = 32). On the second day after the fourth Reiki session, a posttest survey was administered to nurses in the intervention group. The control group, on the other hand, was administered the posttest survey together with the last intervention group. As a result, in the intervention group, there was a decrease in the mean scores of the Helpless Approach subdimension on the Coping Style Scale and an increase in the mean scores of the Optimistic Approach and Social Support subdimensions ( P < .05). In the Visual Analog Scale for Fatigue, the mean Fatigue score in the intervention group decreased and there was an increase in the Energy subdimension mean score ( P < .05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Bektaş Akpınar
- Nursing Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey (Dr Bektaş Akpınar); Nursing Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey (Dr Özcan Yüce); and Teona Training and Counseling Center, Mersin, Turkey (Dr Yurtsever)
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Zadro S, Stapleton P. Does Reiki Benefit Mental Health Symptoms Above Placebo? Front Psychol 2022; 13:897312. [PMID: 35911042 PMCID: PMC9326483 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.897312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reiki is an energy healing technique or biofield therapy in which an attuned therapist places their hands on or near the client's body and sends energy to the client to activate the body's ability to heal itself and restore balance. It was developed in Japan at the end of the 19th century by Mikao Usui of Kyoto. Given the enormous international socioeconomic burden of mental health, inexpensive, safe, and evidenced-based treatments would be welcomed. Reiki is safe, inexpensive, and preliminary research suggests it may assist in treating a wide variety of illnesses. Given that Reiki is a biofield therapy, growing in use, and not yet accepted by the dominant biomedical paradigm, it is important to establish its effectiveness over placebo. This study aimed to examine Reiki's effectiveness over placebo in treating symptoms of mental health and to explore parameters for its effectiveness. Method A systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials (RPCTs) examining Reiki's effectiveness in treating symptoms of mental health in adults was conducted through a systematic search of PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and ProQuest. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, and risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane's Revised ROB 2 assessment tool. This was followed by a grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluations (GRADE) assessment. Results The evidence to date suggests that Reiki consistently demonstrates a greater therapeutic effect over placebo for some symptoms of mental health. The GRADE level of evidence is high for clinically relevant levels of stress and depression, moderate to high for clinically relevant levels of anxiety, low to moderate for normal levels of stress, and low to moderate for burnout, and low for normal levels of depression and anxiety. Conclusion The results suggest that, Reiki may be more effective in treating some areas of mental health, than placebo, particularly if symptoms are clinically relevant. To date, there are a small number of studies in each area, therefore findings are inconclusive and, more RCTs controlling for placebo in Reiki research are needed. Most included studies were also assessed as having a risk of bias of some concern. Incorporating Reiki as a complementary treatment to mainstream psychotherapy for depression, stress, and anxiety may be appropriate. Systematic Review Registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/], identifier [CRD42020194311].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Zadro
- School of Psychology, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Sakuma H, Hasuo H, Fukunaga M. Effect of handholding on heart rate variability in both patients with cancer and their family caregivers: a randomized crossover study. Biopsychosoc Med 2021; 15:14. [PMID: 34556144 PMCID: PMC8461863 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-021-00217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many family caregivers of patients with cancer feel guilty about self-care. A meaningful relationship with patients reduces such negative feelings and functions as self-care for family caregivers. Moreover, handholding improves autonomic functions in non-cancer patients. However, the effects of handholding on both patients with cancer and family caregivers remain unknown. METHODS We evaluated the effects of handholding on heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with cancer and their family caregivers. This randomized crossover study divided patients with cancer and their family caregivers into two trial groups: Handholding trial (the family caregiver holds the patient's hand for five minutes) and Beside trial (the family caregiver stays beside the patient without holding their hand). The study included 37 pairs of patients with cancer who received treatment in the cancer department of a university hospital in Japan and their family caregivers (n = 74). The primary end-point was the change in HRV before and during the intervention. RESULTS The median performance status of the patients was 3. An interaction was observed between trials in the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) of HRV for family caregivers (F = 7.669; p = 0.006), and a significant difference in time course was observed between the trials (before p = 0.351; during p = 0.003). No interaction was observed between trials in the SDNN for patients (F = 0.331; p = 0.566). Only a main effect in time course (F = 6.254; p = 0.014) was observed. SDNN increased significantly during the intervention in both trials (Handholding trial: p = 0.002, Beside trial: p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS Handholding improves autonomic functions of family caregivers and may function as self-care for family caregivers. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN000020557 . Registered on January 15, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Sakuma
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Shinmachi 2-5-1, Osaka, 573-1090, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hasuo
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Shinmachi 2-5-1, Osaka, 573-1090, Hirakata, Japan.
| | - Mikihiko Fukunaga
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Shinmachi 2-5-1, Osaka, 573-1090, Hirakata, Japan
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Billot M, Daycard M, Rigoard P. Self-Reiki, Consideration of a Potential Option for Managing Chronic Pain during Pandemic COVID-19 Period. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2021; 57:medicina57090867. [PMID: 34577790 PMCID: PMC8466281 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While the world faces an unprecedented situation with the pandemic, other chronic diseases such as chronic pain continue to run their course. The social distancing and restrictive displacement imposed by the pandemic situation represents a new barrier to access to pain management and tends to reinforce chronification process. Given this context, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) might offer new opportunities to manage CP, notably with a hand-touch method, such as self-Reiki therapy. Although Reiki administered by a practitioner has shown promising results to reduce pain and psychological distress, and to improve quality of life, self-Reiki practice needs evidence-based medicine to be disseminated. Overall, self-Reiki could bring positive results in addition to, and without interfering with, conventional medicine approaches in patients experienced chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Billot
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maeva Daycard
- Eveil: L’équilibre par les Mains, 87000 Poitiers, France;
| | - Philippe Rigoard
- PRISMATICS Lab (Predictive Research in Spine/Neuromodulation Management and Thoracic Innovation/Cardiac Surgery), Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France;
- Department of Spine Surgery and Neuromodulation, Poitiers University Hospital, 86021 Poitiers, France
- Institut Pprime UPR 3346, CNRS—Université de Poitiers—ISAE-ENSMA, 86360 Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, France
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Mayan M, Alvadj T, Wildge S, Punja S, Jou H, Vohra S. Toward integrated pediatric medicine: Key learnings from the pediatric integrative medicine trial. Explore (NY) 2021; 18:432-437. [PMID: 34305004 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to explore the facilitators to integrating complementary therapies in conventional pediatric hospital practice based on the experiences of parents, healthcare providers, and complementary therapy providers. DESIGN This study is part of a larger research study that examined the introduction of a pediatric integrative medicine service in an acute care children's hospital in Canada. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured one-on-one telephone and in-person interviews with a sample of parents of children, as well as healthcare providers and complementary therapy providers. RESULTS A total of 50 individuals, from key-stakeholder groups, were interviewed between May 2014 and January 2016. This study identified the following facilitators for the integration of complementary therapies within conventional care: 1) stakeholders' open-mindedness and familiarity with care practices outside of their experiences; 2) stakeholders' open communication, respect for eachothers' roles in the process of care, and appreciation for the role of complementary therapies within conventional medicine; and 3) stakeholders' receptiveness to redefining the meaning of a 'positive outcome' in the context of hospital care. CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate that some of the existing barriers to the integration of complementary therapies in conventional hospital care could be mediated by creating an environment where the fundamental value of commitment to patient wellbeing is equally shared by all stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mayan
- Community University Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth and Families, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Tatjana Alvadj
- Community University Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth and Families, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sarah Wildge
- Community University Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth and Families, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Salima Punja
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Hsing Jou
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sunita Vohra
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
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Comparative Effectiveness of Pediatric Integrative Medicine: A Pragmatic Cluster-Controlled Trial. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8040311. [PMID: 33923869 PMCID: PMC8072575 DOI: 10.3390/children8040311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Symptoms of pain, nausea/vomiting, and anxiety (PNVA) are highly prevalent in pediatric inpatients. Poorly managed symptoms can lead to decreased compliance with care, and prolonged recovery times. Pharmacotherapy used to manage PNVA symptoms is of variable effectiveness and carries safety risks. Complementary therapies to manage these symptoms are gaining popularity due to their perceived benefits and low risk of harm. Pediatric integrative medicine (PIM) is the combination of complementary therapies with conventional medicine in pediatric populations. A two-arm, cluster-controlled, pragmatic clinical trial was carried out to compare the effectiveness of a PIM service in conjunction with usual care, versus usual care only to treat PNVA symptoms in hospitalized pediatric patients. The primary outcome was the improvement of PNVA symptom severity using a 10-point numerical rating scale. Participant enrollment occurred between January 2013 and January 2016. A total of 872 participants (usual care n = 497; PIM n = 375) were enrolled. The PIM therapies significantly reduced PNVA symptom severity (p < 0.001). This study found that a hospital-based PIM service is both safe and effective for alleviating PNVA symptoms. Future research should carry out this work in other pediatric inpatient divisions, and in other sites to determine the reproducibility of findings.
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Özcan Yüce U, Taşcı S. Effect of Reiki on the stress level of caregivers of patients with cancer: Qualitative and single-blind randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2021; 58:102708. [PMID: 33675935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2021.102708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Reiki on stress levels of individuals caring for patients with cancer. METHODS The study was conducted a pretest-posttest, single-blind randomized controlled trial and qualitative study using a semi-structured in-depth interview. In this study, women who were primary caregivers of patients with cancer treated in a university hospital were randomized to Reiki and sham Reiki groups. The Reiki group received Reiki to nine main points for 45 min, once a week for 6 weeks, while the sham Reiki group received the same points during the same period without starting energy flow. CSI scores and salivary cortisol levels were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the study, whereas systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were evaluated before and after application every week. After the study, the opinions of the Reiki group on Reiki experience were collected by using a questionnaire consisting of semi-structured questions. RESULTS The study was completed with a total of 42 caregivers. The sample size was calculated based on the difference in Caregiver Strain Index (CSI) scores before and after the intervention. According to the power analysis, with α = 0.05 and β = 0.20, the effect size was 1.71 and the power 99 %. Post-intervention CSI scores declined in the Reiki group compared with that in the sham Reiki group (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of saliva cortisol levels (p > 0.05). According to the results of the general linear model repeated measure and Friedman tests, which were conducted to evaluate the change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate over a 6-week period, the values of these parameters decreased before and after each application compared with the caregivers in the sham Reiki group (p < 0.05). All caregivers stated that they found the caring process less stressful after the Reiki sessions and felt relieved compared with the pre-therapy period, and some of their physical complaints decreased. CONCLUSION Reiki reduces the stress levels of caregivers, is effective in regulating blood pressure and pulse rate, does not cause a significant change on saliva cortisol level, and provides relief to caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulviye Özcan Yüce
- Health Sciences Faculty, Nursing Department, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey.
| | - Sultan Taşcı
- Health Sciences Faculty, Department of Internal Nursing, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Bat N. The effects of reiki on heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and stress levels: A pilot randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled study. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 43:101328. [PMID: 33639516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Reiki is a biofield energy therapy that focuses on optimizing the body's natural healing abilities by balancing the life force energy or qi/chi. Reiki has been shown to reduce stress, pain levels, help with depression/anxiety, increase relaxation, improve fatigue, and quality of life. In this pilot randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled study, the effects of Reiki on heart rate, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, body temperature, and stress levels were explored in an effort to gain objective outcome measures and to understand the underlying physiological mechanisms of how Reiki may be having these therapeutic effects on subjective measures of stress, pain, relaxation, and depression/anxiety. Forty eight (n = 48) subjects were block randomized into three groups (Reiki treatment, sham treatment, and no treatment). The changes in pre- and post-treatment measurements for each outcome measure was analyzed through analysis of variance (ANOVA) post hoc multiple comparison test, which found no statistically significant difference between any of the groups. The p-value for the comparison of Reiki and sham groups for heart rate was 0.053, which is very close to being significant and so, a definitive conclusion can not be made based on this pilot study alone. A second study with a larger sample size is warranted to investigate this finding further and perhaps with additional outcome measures to look at other possible physiological mechanisms that may underlie the therapeutic effects of Reiki.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namuun Bat
- Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, USA.
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Abstract
Health care organizations are responding to consumer demand by offering more complementary and integrative health services in inpatient, outpatient, and clinic settings. Nursing has long embraced energy-based modalities such as Reiki and has been at the forefront of introducing body, mind, and spirit healing practices into health care settings. This article describes how nurses can integrate Reiki into both their personal lives for self-care as well as their professional patient care practices. An overview of Reiki's integration into hospital systems is presented as well as Reiki's use with various patient populations. The status of Reiki research is discussed.
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Yount G, Delorme A, Radin D, Carpenter L, Rachlin K, Anastasia J, Pierson M, Steele S, Mandell H, Chagnon A, Wahbeh H. Energy Medicine treatments for hand and wrist pain: A pilot study. Explore (NY) 2020; 17:11-21. [PMID: 33162335 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The term "energy medicine" describes healing modalities that manipulate or channel purported subtle energies associated with the body. The objectives of this pilot study were to determine the feasibility of studying energy medicine for people with carpal tunnel pain and gathering relevant preliminary data. METHODS Following a prospective, within-participant design, participants were recruited to experience a 30 min treatment from one of 17 energy medicine practitioners. Of 374 adults experiencing carpal tunnel pain who were screened for the study, 190 received an energy medicine treatment. Practitioners delivered treatments at close distance, some with and some without light, stationary touch. Outcome measures were collected before, during, and immediately after the treatment, and three weeks later. The primary outcome measure was self-reported pain. Secondary subjective measures included credibility regarding energy medicine and expectancy regarding the efficacy of treatments, pain interference, sleep quality, well-being, mood, and sense of personal transformation. Physiological measures included median nerve conduction velocity, heart rate variability, heart rate synchrony (between the participant and practitioner), and expression levels of neuroinflammation-related genes. RESULTS On average, self-reported current pain scores decreased 2.0 points post-session and 1.3 points at three weeks compared to baseline values using a 0-10 point scale with 10 denoting worst pain (F(2, 565) = 3.82 p <0.000005). This effect was not influenced by the participants' level of expectancy or credibility regarding the energy medicine modality. Well-being, negative emotion, and sleep quality scores significantly improved at the follow-up visit. Multiple heart rate variability measures significantly changed reflecting increased parasympathetic activity which may indicate decreased stress. No other secondary outcome showed significant change. DISCUSSION Studying the administration of energy medicine to people with carpal tunnel pain is feasible, although requiring a documented carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis proved to be prohibitive for recruitment. Our finding of preliminary evidence for positive effects in pain and pain-related outcomes after a single session of energy medicine warrants further controlled investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garret Yount
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States.
| | - Arnaud Delorme
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Dean Radin
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
| | - Loren Carpenter
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
| | - Kenneth Rachlin
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
| | - Joyce Anastasia
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
| | - Meredith Pierson
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
| | - Sue Steele
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
| | - Heather Mandell
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
| | - Aimee Chagnon
- Sonoma Pain Management Clinic, 357 Perkins St, Sonoma, CA 95476, United States
| | - Helané Wahbeh
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, 101 San Antonio Rd., Petaluma, CA 94952, United States
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15
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Santos CBRD, Gomes ET, Bezerra SMMDS, Püschel VADA. Reiki protocol for preoperative anxiety, depression, and well-being: a non-randomized controlled trial. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2020; 54:e03630. [PMID: 33111740 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-220x2019012403630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of Reiki in reducing anxiety, depression, and improving preoperative well-being in cardiac surgery. METHOD A non-randomized, two-arm controlled clinical trial conducted in a cardiology referral hospital with patients in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery, with up to five days for surgery, between May and November 2018. The intervention group (n=31) was submitted to a Reiki protocol, and the control group (n=59) received only conventional care. RESULTS One hundred twenty-four patients were assessed. The mean anxiety and depression did not obtain a significant difference between the groups. Spiritual well-being, in religious and existential dimensions, has improved significantly. CONCLUSION Anxiety and depression were lower in the intervention group, with no statistically significant difference. There was a better result in the assessment of well-being with the intervention group. Religiosity may interfere in some cases with acceptance of holistic and integrative practices. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-4cxw37.
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Gautam S, Jain A, Marwale AV, Gautam A. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Yoga and Other Alternative Therapies for Patients with Mental Disorders. Indian J Psychiatry 2020; 62:S272-S279. [PMID: 32055069 PMCID: PMC7001345 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_776_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Gautam
- Gautam Hospital and Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | | | - Anita Gautam
- Gautam Hospital and Research Center, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Mayan M, Alvadj T, Punja S, Jou H, Wildgen S, Vohra S. Parents' experiences of an inpatient pediatric integrative medicine service for symptom management. Explore (NY) 2019; 15:415-418. [PMID: 31377302 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric integrative medicine (PIM) refers to the combination of treatments from conventional medicine and complementary therapies for which there is evidence of safety and effectiveness. As pediatric use of complementary therapies increases, it is important to determine parental views on the use of these therapies by their children. OBJECTIVE To describe parental experiences with a PIM service for management of pain, nausea/vomiting and anxiety in the context of an inpatient pediatric cardiology unit. DESIGN Telephone interviews were carried out with the parents of pediatric cardiology inpatients. The interviews focused on their and their child's experiences with the PIM service while in the hospital. Interviews were transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Data saturation was reached after nine interviews conducted during the period between June 2015 and January 2016. Parents self-reported that the PIM service was particularly helpful at alleviating symptoms of anxiety in their children. Moreover, because their children were more at ease, parents also felt less anxiety. CONCLUSION Pediatric integrative medicine as an adjunct to conventional care is seen as beneficial by parents of children admitted to a pediatric cardiology unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mayan
- Community University Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth and Families, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Tatjana Alvadj
- Community University Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth and Families, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Salima Punja
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, 1702 College Plaza, 8215 - 112 Street NW, Edmonton, T6G 2C8 Alberta, Canada
| | - Hsing Jou
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, 1702 College Plaza, 8215 - 112 Street NW, Edmonton, T6G 2C8 Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah Wildgen
- Community University Partnership for the Study of Children, Youth and Families, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sunita Vohra
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, 1702 College Plaza, 8215 - 112 Street NW, Edmonton, T6G 2C8 Alberta, Canada.
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Billot M, Daycard M, Wood C, Tchalla A. Reiki therapy for pain, anxiety and quality of life. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2019; 9:434-438. [PMID: 30948444 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of complementary and alternative therapies is growing year after year, and Reiki therapy takes a place of choice. Reiki therapy, classed as a biofield energy therapy, raises the question of validity when applied to patients, especially in palliative care. The purpose of this review is to highlight the effects of Reiki therapy on pain, anxiety/depression and quality of life of patients, specifically in palliative care. The current article indicates that Reiki therapy is useful for relieving pain, decreasing anxiety/depression and improving quality of life in several conditions. Due to the small number of studies in palliative care, we were unable to clearly identify the benefits of Reiki therapy, but preliminary results tend to show some positive effects of Reiki therapy for the end-of-life population. These results should encourage teams working in palliative care to conduct more studies to determine the benefits of Reiki therapy on pain, anxiety/depression and quality of life in palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Billot
- Clinical Geriatric, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France .,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Laboratoire HAVAE, Limoges, France
| | | | - Chantal Wood
- Centre de la douleur chronique, pôle clinique médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Achille Tchalla
- Clinical Geriatric, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Limoges, Limoges, France.,Faculty of Sport Sciences, Laboratoire HAVAE, Limoges, France
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Abstract
Integrative Medicine has been described as "healing oriented medicine that takes account of the whole person (body, mind, and spirit) including all aspects of lifestyle. It emphasizes therapeutic relationships and makes use of all appropriate therapies, both conventional and alternative." National surveys consistently report that approximately one-third of adults and 12% of children use complementary and integrative medicine approaches. Although there are barriers to primary care professionals engaging in discussions about lifestyle change and complementary and integrative medicine options, there is also great potential to impact patient well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Ring
- Departments of Medicine and Medical Social Sciences, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 150 East Huron Avenue, Suite 1100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Rupa Mahadevan
- Departments of Medicine and Medical Social Sciences, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 150 East Huron Avenue, Suite 1100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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McManus DE. Reiki Is Better Than Placebo and Has Broad Potential as a Complementary Health Therapy. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:1051-1057. [PMID: 28874060 PMCID: PMC5871310 DOI: 10.1177/2156587217728644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reviews the available clinical studies of Reiki to determine whether there is evidence for Reiki providing more than just a placebo effect. The available English-language literature of Reiki was reviewed, specifically for peer-reviewed clinical studies with more than 20 participants in the Reiki treatment arm, controlling for a placebo effect. Of the 13 suitable studies, 8 demonstrated Reiki being more effective than placebo, 4 found no difference but had questionable statistical resolving power, and only one provided clear evidence for not providing benefit. Viewed collectively, these studies provide reasonably strong support for Reiki being more effective than placebo. From the information currently available, Reiki is a safe and gentle "complementary" therapy that activates the parasympathetic nervous system to heal body and mind. It has potential for broader use in management of chronic health conditions, and possibly in postoperative recovery. Research is needed to optimize the delivery of Reiki.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E McManus
- 1 Australasian Usui Reiki Association, Oakleigh, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Stubblefield S. Survey of complementary and alternative medicine in pediatric inpatient settings. Complement Ther Med 2017; 35:20-24. [PMID: 29154062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES While use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is common in children, we know little about its use for hospitalized children. This survey measured the rate of CAM use, specific modalities used, and policies related to CAM use for hospitalized children. DESIGN Anonymous survey of hospitals in the Pediatric Research in Inpatient Settings (PRĪS) network SETTING: Hospitals in the PRĪS network. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Rate of overall and specific CAM modality use, including whether these modalities are provided, permitted, or prohibited, and presence of a written policy on CAM use. RESULTS Of 99 sites queried, 22 responded. Of these, 82% of sites reported some CAM presence, and 63% reported official provision of CAM therapies. Freestanding children's hospitals provided more modalities than other types of hospitals. There was no difference in number of modalities by geographic location. The most commonly provided CAM modalities were massage and biofield therapies. The most commonly prohibited modalities were inpatient placebos outside of research settings, medical marijuana, and inpatient homeopathic preparations. Only one site reported having a written policy on CAM use. CONCLUSIONS Among responding institutions, the most reported some CAM presence with a wide variety of CAM modalities provided and permitted. Written institutional policies on CAM were rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Stubblefield
- Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, United States; Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, United States.
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Ferraz GAR, Rodrigues MRK, Lima SAM, Lima MAF, Maia GL, Pilan CA, Omodei MS, Molina AC, El Dib R, Rudge MVC. Is reiki or prayer effective in relieving pain during hospitalization for cesarean? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. SAO PAULO MED J 2017; 135:123-132. [PMID: 28443949 PMCID: PMC9977345 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2016.0267031116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: This systematic review compared reiki and prayer with drug use for relieving pain during hospitalization for cesarean, given that the popularity of integrative medicine and spiritual healing has been increasing. It had the aim of evaluating whether reiki or prayer is effective in relieving pain during cesarean section. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review with meta-analysis conducted at Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: The following databases were searched up to March 2016: MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS and CENTRAL. Randomized controlled trials published in English or Portuguese were included in the review. Two reviewers independently screened eligible articles, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. A GRADE table was produced to evaluate the risk of bias. RESULTS: There was evidence with a high risk of bias showing a statistically significant decrease in pain score through use of reiki and prayer, in relation to the protocol group: mean difference = -1.68; 95% confidence interval: -1.92 to -1.43; P < 0.00001; I2 = 92%. Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in heart rate or systolic or diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Evidence with a high risk of bias suggested that reiki and prayer meditation might be associated with pain reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Augusto Rago Ferraz
- MSc. PhD’s Student, Postgraduate Program on Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu (SP), Brazil.
| | - Meline Rosseto Kron Rodrigues
- MSc. PhD’s Student, Postgraduate Program on Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu (SP), Brazil.
| | - Silvana Andrea Molina Lima
- PhD. Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu (SP), Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Aparecido Ferraz Lima
- BA. Master’s Student, Postgraduate Program on Public Health, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu (SP), Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Lopes Maia
- Undergraduate Nursing Student, Faculdade Marechal Rondon (FMR), São Manoel (SP), Brazil.
| | - Carlos Alberto Pilan
- Undergraduate Medical Student, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
| | - Michelle Sako Omodei
- MD. Physician. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu (SP), Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Molina
- PhD. Nurse, Botucatu Outpatient Clinics, Municipal Authority of Botucatu, Botucatu (SP), Brazil.
| | - Regina El Dib
- PhD. Assistant Professor, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José dos Campos (SP), Brazil, and Research collaborator, Institute of Urology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Marilza Vieira Cunha Rudge
- MD, PhD. Titular Professor, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu (SP), Brazil.
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Kurebayashi LFS, Turrini RNT, de Souza TPB, Takiguchi RS, Kuba G, Nagumo MT. Massage and Reiki used to reduce stress and anxiety: Randomized Clinical Trial. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2016; 24:e2834. [PMID: 27901219 PMCID: PMC5172615 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.1614.2834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective to evaluate the effectiveness of massage and reiki in the reduction of stress and anxiety in clients at the Institute for Integrated and Oriental Therapy in Sao Paulo (Brazil). Method clinical tests randomly done in parallel with an initial sample of 122 people divided into three groups: Massage + Rest (G1), Massage + Reiki (G2) and a Control group without intervention (G3). The Stress Systems list and the Trace State Anxiety Inventory were used to evaluate the groups at the start and after 8 sessions (1 month), during 2015. Results there were statistical differences (p = 0.000) according to the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for the stress amongst the groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.014) with a 33% reductions and a Cohen of 0.78. In relation to anxiety-state, there was a reduction in the intervention groups compared with the control group (p < 0.01) with a 21% reduction in group 2 (Cohen of 1.18) and a 16% reduction for group 1 (Cohen of 1.14). Conclusion Massage + Reiki produced better results amongst the groups and the conclusion is for further studies to be done with the use of a placebo group to evaluate the impact of the technique separate from other techniques. RBR-42c8wp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonice Fumiko Sato Kurebayashi
- Post-doctoral fellow, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo ,
São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Scholarship holder at Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal
de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil
| | | | | | - Raymond Sehiji Takiguchi
- Master's student, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São
Paulo , São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Kuba
- Master's student, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo , São
Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Vohra S, Schlegelmilch M, Jou H, Hartfield D, Mayan M, Ohinmaa A, Wilson B, Spavor M, Grundy P. Comparative effectiveness of pediatric integrative medicine as an adjunct to usual care for pediatric inpatients of a North American tertiary care centre: A study protocol for a pragmatic cluster controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2016; 5:12-18. [PMID: 29740618 PMCID: PMC5936744 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some pediatric tertiary care centres in North America supplement conventional care with complementary therapies, together known as pediatric integrative medicine (PIM). Evidence to support the safety and efficacy of PIM is emerging, but the cost-effectiveness of an inpatient PIM service has yet to be assessed. Methods/Design This study is a pragmatic cluster controlled clinical trial. Usual care will be compared to usual care augmented with PIM in three pediatric divisions; oncology, general medicine, and cardiology at one large urban tertiary care Canadian Children's Hospital. The primary outcome of the feasibility study is enrolment; the primary outcome of the main study is cost-effectiveness. Other secondary outcomes include the prevalence and severity of key symptoms (i.e. pain, nausea/vomiting and anxiety), efficacy of PIM interventions, patient safety, and parent satisfaction. Discussion This trial will be the first to evaluate the comparative effectiveness, both clinical and cost, of a PIM inpatient service. The evidence from this study will be useful to families, clinicians and decision makers, and will describe the clinical and economic value of PIM services for pediatric patients admitted to hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Vohra
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1702 College Plaza, 8215 - 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
- Corresponding author.
| | - Michael Schlegelmilch
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1702 College Plaza, 8215 - 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Hsing Jou
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 1702 College Plaza, 8215 - 112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C8, Canada
| | - Dawn Hartfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3-597 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Avenue, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Maria Mayan
- Community-University Partnership, Faculty of Extension, University of Alberta, 2-281 Enterprise Square, 10230 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB T5J 4P6, Canada
| | - Arto Ohinmaa
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Institute of Health Economics, 1200 10405 Jasper Avenue, Edmonton, AB T5J 3N4, Canada
| | - Bev Wilson
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3-516 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Maria Spavor
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3-529 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405 87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Paul Grundy
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3-469 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
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Effects of Reiki on Pain and Vital Signs When Applied to the Incision Area of the Body After Cesarean Section Surgery. Holist Nurs Pract 2016; 30:368-378. [DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Berger CC, Cheston S, Stewart-Sicking J. Experiences of Healing Touch and Counseling on a Bereaved Population: A Grounded Theory. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2016.1201032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Saiz-Vinuesa MD, Rodríguez-Moreno E, Carrilero-López C, García Vitoria J, Garrido-Moya D, Claramonte-Monedero R, Piqueras-Carrión AM. [Effectiveness of implementing the reiki method to reduce the weaning failure. A clinical trial]. ENFERMERIA INTENSIVA 2016; 27:51-61. [PMID: 26803374 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfi.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Admission to intensive care unit (ICU) is a difficult and stressful time for the patient, with the application of different techniques, such as intubation and ventilation support withdrawal or "weaning", which may fail due to anxiety. OBJECTIVES To determine whether Reiki is useful in reducing weaning failure, as well as reducing the number of days of mechanical ventilation (MV), length of stay in ICU, amount of sedatives, amines, and antipsychotics. METHOD Randomized clinical trial. SCOPE ICU of a Level III University Hospital. POPULATION ICU patients connected to Mechanical Ventilation for more than 48hours, with a signed informed consent. Patients in a terminal condition or potential organ donors were excluded. SAMPLE 256 patients divided into two groups: intervention group (GI) and placebo (GP). The intervention involves the application of Reiki, and a simulated technique within the placebo group. An analysis was made of the absolute and relative frequencies, with a significance level of P<.05, 95% CI RESULTS: The percentage of failures at weaning was 9% in GI and 9.5% in GP (P=.42). The mean number of days on MV was 8.85 days for GI and 9.66 for the GP (P=.53). The mean dose of sedatives: GI 1078mg and 1491mg GP. The dose of Haloperidol was lower in the GI (5.30mg vs 16.81mg GP) (P=.03, 95% CI; -21.9 to -1.13). CONCLUSIONS Reiki reduces the agitation of patients. A decrease was objectively observed in the number of days of Mechanical Ventilation, length of stay, lower doses of sedatives, and a slight decrease in the weaning failure in the GI. No statistically significant difference was found in the main variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Saiz-Vinuesa
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, España.
| | - E Rodríguez-Moreno
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, España
| | - C Carrilero-López
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, España
| | - J García Vitoria
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, España
| | - D Garrido-Moya
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, España
| | - R Claramonte-Monedero
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, España
| | - A M Piqueras-Carrión
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, España
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Jain S, Hammerschlag R, Mills P, Cohen L, Krieger R, Vieten C, Lutgendorf S. Clinical Studies of Biofield Therapies: Summary, Methodological Challenges, and Recommendations. Glob Adv Health Med 2015; 4:58-66. [PMID: 26665043 PMCID: PMC4654788 DOI: 10.7453/gahmj.2015.034.suppl] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofield therapies are noninvasive therapies in which the practitioner explicitly works with a client's biofield (interacting fields of energy and information that surround living systems) to stimulate healing responses in patients. While the practice of biofield therapies has existed in Eastern and Western cultures for thousands of years, empirical research on the effectiveness of biofield therapies is still relatively nascent. In this article, we provide a summary of the state of the evidence for biofield therapies for a number of different clinical conditions. We note specific methodological issues for research in biofield therapies that need to be addressed (including practitioner-based, outcomes-based, and research design considerations), as well as provide a list of suggested next steps for biofield researchers to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamini Jain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego; and Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California San Diego; and Consciousness and Healing Initiative, San Diego (Dr Jain)
| | - Richard Hammerschlag
- Consciousness and Healing Initiative, San Diego; and The Institute for Integrative Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Hammerschlag)
| | - Paul Mills
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego; and Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California San Diego; and Center of Excellence for Research and Training in Integrative Health, University of California, San Diego (Dr Mills)
| | - Lorenzo Cohen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Cohen)
| | - Richard Krieger
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, California (Dr Krieger)
| | - Cassandra Vieten
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, California; and California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco (Dr Vieten)
| | - Susan Lutgendorf
- Institute of Noetic Sciences, Petaluma, California; and Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Urology, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Iowa, Iowa City (Dr Lutgendorf)
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Perlman A, Dreusicke M, Keever T, Ali A. Perceptions of Massage Therapists Participating in a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Ther Massage Bodywork 2015; 8:10-5. [PMID: 26388961 PMCID: PMC4560530 DOI: 10.3822/ijtmb.v8i3.278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical practice and randomized trials often have disparate aims, despite involving similar interventions. Attitudes and expectancies of practitioners influence patient outcomes, and there is growing emphasis on optimizing provider–patient relationships. In this study, we evaluated the experiences of licensed massage therapists involved in a randomized controlled clinical trial using qualitative methodology. Methods Seven massage therapists who were interventionists in a randomized controlled trial participated in structured interviews approximately 30 minutes in length. Interviews focused on their experiences and perceptions regarding aspects of the clinical trial, as well as recommendations for future trials. Transcribed interviews were analyzed for emergent topics and themes using standard qualitative methods. Results Six themes emerged. Therapists discussed 1) promoting the profession of massage therapy through research, 2) mixed views on using standardized protocols, 3) challenges of sham interventions, 4) participant response to the sham intervention, 5) views on scheduling and compensation, and 6) unanticipated benefits of participating in research. Conclusions Therapists largely appreciated the opportunity to promote massage through research. They demonstrated insight and understanding of the rationale for a clinical trial adhering to a standardized protocol. Evaluating the experiences and ideas of complementary and alternative medicine practitioners provides valuable insight that is relevant for the implementation and design of randomized trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Perlman
- Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mark Dreusicke
- Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Teresa Keever
- Duke Integrative Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ather Ali
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Rosada RM, Rubik B, Mainguy B, Plummer J, Mehl-Madrona L. Reiki Reduces Burnout Among Community Mental Health Clinicians. J Altern Complement Med 2015; 21:489-95. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renee M. Rosada
- Union Institute & University, Psychology Program, Brattleboro, VT
| | - Beverly Rubik
- Union Institute & University, Psychology Program, Brattleboro, VT
| | | | - Julie Plummer
- Eastern Maine Medical Center and Acadia Hospital, Bangor, ME
| | - Lewis Mehl-Madrona
- Union Institute & University, Psychology Program, Brattleboro, VT
- Coyote Institute, Augusta and Bangor, ME
- Eastern Maine Medical Center and Acadia Hospital, Bangor, ME
- University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biddeford, ME
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Hammerschlag R, Marx BL, Aickin M. Nontouch biofield therapy: a systematic review of human randomized controlled trials reporting use of only nonphysical contact treatment. J Altern Complement Med 2015; 20:881-92. [PMID: 25181286 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED OBJECTIVE AND CONTEXT: This review was designed to assess the quality and review the outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of biofield therapies (external qigong, Healing Touch, Johrei, Reiki, and Therapeutic Touch) that report using only nonphysical touch forms of treatment. RCTs of nonphysical contact biofield therapies have the potential to contribute to an evidence base for health-promoting effects mediated through mechanisms outside the present understanding of biomedicine. METHODS Articles meeting inclusion criteria were identified from database and reference list searches and evaluated for a range of reporting and design items. Data were extracted to determine the range of protocol parameters and treatment outcomes. The final set of included RCTs were evaluated via a modified 5-item Jadad scale as well as by a set of 20 criteria that included items relevant to the early-phase nature of the trials and to the examination of nonphysical touch biofield therapy interventions. RESULTS Of 90 RCTs that assessed effectiveness of a biofield therapy in humans, 28 trials involving 1775 participants met additional inclusion criteria (most importantly a clearly reported use of only nonphysical contact treatment). The research designs of these 28 trials revealed marked heterogeneity in regard to condition treated, number and duration of treatments, nature of the control/comparison group, and outcome measures. Finally, 10 trials were excluded on the basis of low quality assessment scores. Twelve of the remaining 18 trials (7 Therapeutic Touch, 3 external qigong, 1 Reiki, and 1 Healing Touch) reported at least one primary outcome with statistically significant beneficial treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The pilot study nature of essentially all the identified nonphysical contact biofield therapy RCTs, as reflected by low sample sizes alone, precludes drawing robust conclusions. Given this perspective, the finding that two thirds of the higher-scoring trials demonstrated at least partial effectiveness favors a continued research effort, especially in light of the translational value of biofield clinical trials for studies exploring the nature and physiologic basis of biofield healing.
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Effects of Reiki on Post-cesarean Delivery Pain, Anxiety, and Hemodynamic Parameters: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial. Pain Manag Nurs 2015; 16:388-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Development of a hospital reiki training program: training volunteers to provide reiki to patients, families, and staff in the acute care setting. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2015; 33:15-21. [PMID: 24310710 DOI: 10.1097/dcc.0000000000000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Creating a healing and healthy environment for patients, families, and staff is an ongoing challenge. As part of our hospital's Integrative Care Program, a Reiki Volunteer Program has helped to foster a caring and healing environment, providing a means for patients, family, and staff to reduce pain and anxiety and improve their ability to relax and be present. Because direct care providers manage multiple and competing needs at any given time, they may not be available to provide Reiki when it is needed. This program demonstrates that a volunteer-based program can successfully support nurses in meeting patient, family, and staff demand for Reiki services.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression affect many people. Treatments do not have complete success and often require people to take drugs for long periods of time. Many people look for other treatments that may help. One of those is Reiki, a 2500 year old treatment described as a vibrational or subtle energy therapy, and is most commonly facilitated by light touch on or above the body. There have been reports of Reiki alleviating anxiety and depression, but no specific systematic review. OBJECTIVES To assess the effectiveness of Reiki for treating anxiety and depression in people aged 16 and over. SEARCH METHODS Search of the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL - all years), the Cochrane Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Review Group's Specialised Register (CCDANCTR - all years), EMBASE, (1974 to November 2014), MEDLINE (1950 to November 2014), PsycINFO (1967 to November 2014) and AMED (1985 to November 2014). Additional searches were carried out on the World Health Organization Trials Portal (ICTRP) together with ClinicalTrials.gov to identify any ongoing or unpublished studies. All searches were up to date as of 4 November 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised trials in adults with anxiety or depression or both, with at least one arm treated with Reiki delivered by a trained Reiki practitioner. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS The two authors independently decided on inclusion/exclusion of studies and extracted data. A prior analysis plan had been specified but was not needed as the data were too sparse. MAIN RESULTS We found three studies for inclusion in the review. One recruited males with a biopsy-proven diagnosis of non-metastatic prostate cancer who were not receiving chemotherapy and had elected to receive external-beam radiation therapy; the second study recruited community-living participants who were aged 55 years and older; the third study recruited university students.These studies included subgroups with anxiety and depression as defined by symptom scores and provided data separately for those subgroups. As this included only 25 people with anxiety and 17 with depression and 20 more with either anxiety or depression, but which was not specified, the results could only be reported narratively. They show no evidence that Reiki is either beneficial or harmful in this population. The risk of bias for the included studies was generally rated as unclear or high for most domains, which reduces the certainty of the evidence. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to say whether or not Reiki is useful for people over 16 years of age with anxiety or depression or both.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Peter Herbison
- Dunedin School of Medicine, University of OtagoDepartment of Preventive & Social MedicinePO Box 913DunedinNew Zealand9054
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Thrane S, Cohen SM. Effect of Reiki therapy on pain and anxiety in adults: an in-depth literature review of randomized trials with effect size calculations. Pain Manag Nurs 2014; 15:897-908. [PMID: 24582620 PMCID: PMC4147026 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to calculate the effect of Reiki therapy for pain and anxiety in randomized clinical trials. A systematic search of PubMed, ProQuest, Cochrane, PsychInfo, CINAHL, Web of Science, Global Health, and Medline databases was conducted using the search terms pain, anxiety, and Reiki. The Center for Reiki Research also was examined for articles. Studies that used randomization and a control or usual care group, used Reiki therapy in one arm of the study, were published in 2000 or later in peer-reviewed journals in English, and measured pain or anxiety were included. After removing duplicates, 49 articles were examined and 12 articles received full review. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria: four articles studied cancer patients, one examined post-surgical patients, and two analyzed community dwelling older adults. Effect sizes were calculated for all studies using Cohen's d statistic. Effect sizes for within group differences ranged from d = 0.24 for decrease in anxiety in women undergoing breast biopsy to d = 2.08 for decreased pain in community dwelling adults. The between group differences ranged from d = 0.32 for decrease of pain in a Reiki versus rest intervention for cancer patients to d = 4.5 for decrease in pain in community dwelling adults. Although the number of studies is limited, based on the size Cohen's d statistics calculated in this review, there is evidence to suggest that Reiki therapy may be effective for pain and anxiety. Continued research using Reiki therapy with larger sample sizes, consistently randomized groups, and standardized treatment protocols is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Thrane
- University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Research in Cancer Survivorship, Supported by NINR (TNR011972A), 3500 Victoria Street, Victoria Building, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Susan M. Cohen
- University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 3500 Victoria Street, Victoria Building, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
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Orsak G, Stevens AM, Brufsky A, Kajumba M, Dougall AL. The Effects of Reiki Therapy and Companionship on Quality of Life, Mood, and Symptom Distress During Chemotherapy. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2014; 20:20-7. [DOI: 10.1177/2156587214556313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This pilot study examined the effects of Reiki therapy and companionship on improvements in quality of life, mood, and symptom distress during chemotherapy. Thirty-six breast cancer patients received usual care, Reiki, or a companion during chemotherapy. First, data were collected from patients receiving usual care. Second, patients were randomized to either receive Reiki or a companion during chemotherapy. Questionnaires assessing quality of life, mood, symptom distress, and Reiki acceptability were completed at baseline and chemotherapy sessions 1, 2, and 4. Reiki was rated relaxing with no side effects. Reiki and companion groups reported improvements in quality of life and mood that were greater than those seen in the usual care group. Interventions during chemotherapy, such as Reiki or companionship, are feasible, acceptable, and may reduce side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam Brufsky
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Abstract
Objective Determining the immediate effect of Reiki on abnormal blood pressure. Methods An experimental, double-blind study, in which were included 66 hypertensive patients, randomized to the three following study groups: control, placebo and experimental. The intervention lasted 20 minutes, the control group remained at rest, the placebo group received an imitation of the studied technique (mock Reiki) and the experimental group received the Reiki technique. Blood pressure was measured before and after the intervention by the same person with the same instrument. Results There was a decrease in blood pressure in the three groups and the reduction was greater in the experimental group, followed by the placebo and the control group. The ANOVA model for repeated measures showed a statistically significant difference among the groups (p <0.0001). Conclusion Reiki had a positive effect on reducing abnormal blood pressure, suggesting to be a complementary technique for the control of hypertension.
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Pike C, Vernon D, Hald LA. Asymmetric activation of the anterior cerebral cortex in recipients of IRECA: preliminary evidence for the energetic effects of an intention-based biofield treatment modality on human neurophysiology. J Altern Complement Med 2014; 20:780-6. [PMID: 25238595 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2014.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neurophysiologic studies of mindfulness link the health benefits of meditation to activation of the left-anterior cerebral cortex. The similarity and functional importance of intention and attentional stance in meditative and biofield therapeutic practices suggest that modulation of recipient anterior asymmetric activation may mediate the energetic effects of intention-based biofield treatments as well. The aim of the current study was to test this hypothesis by using a treatment modality known as IRECA (Istituto di Ricerca sull'Energia Cosmica Applicata). DESIGN Participants' electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded over a 5-minute recovery period (subdivided into three 100-second intervals) while participants received genuine IRECA, placebo treatment, or no treatment, after completion of a cognitively demanding task. PARTICIPANTS 21 undergraduate students (3 men and 18 women; mean age, 22.1 years). All were right-handed and none had a history of neurologic or psychological impairment. OUTCOME MEASURES (1) Alpha Asymmetry Index (AAI), a standard measure of anterior asymmetric activation of the cerebral cortex, defined as the average right hemisphere minus left hemisphere log alpha power of EEG recordings for homologous pairs of electrodes in frontal and prefrontal regions; (2) self-report measures of state anxiety obtained at baseline, before treatment, and after treatment, using a short form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS In line with predictions, recipients of IRECA showed enhanced left-anterior activation of the cerebral cortex relative to placebo and no-treatment controls (as indicated by significantly higher and significantly positive AAI scores) during the first 100 seconds of treatment, and they reported greater overall reduction in state anxiety relative to baseline measures. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides preliminary supporting evidence for an intention-based biofield therapeutic modality offsetting the negative effects of stress via sympathetic activation of recipients' left-anterior cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Pike
- 1 Department of Psychology, Politics and Sociology, Canterbury Christ Church University , Canterbury, United Kingdom
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Gorski DH, Novella SP. Clinical trials of integrative medicine: testing whether magic works? Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:473-6. [PMID: 25150944 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades complementary and alternative medicine treatments relying on dubious science have been embraced by medical academia. Despite low to nonexistent prior probability that testing these treatments in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) will be successful, RCTs of these modalities have proliferated, consistent with the principles of evidence-based medicine, which underemphasize prior plausibility rooted in science. We examine this phenomenon and argue that what is needed is science-based medicine rather than evidence-based medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Gorski
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R St., Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
| | - Steven P Novella
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, 40 Temple St, Suite 6C, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Bao Y, Kong X, Yang L, Liu R, Shi Z, Li W, Hua B, Hou W. Complementary and alternative medicine for cancer pain: an overview of systematic reviews. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2014; 2014:170396. [PMID: 24817897 PMCID: PMC4003746 DOI: 10.1155/2014/170396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective. Now with more and more published systematic reviews of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) on adult cancer pain, it is necessary to use the methods of overview of systematic review to summarize available evidence, appraise the evidence level, and give suggestions to future research and practice. Methods. A comprehensive search (the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and ISI Web of Knowledge) was conducted to identify all systematic reviews or meta-analyses of CAM on adult cancer pain. And the evidence levels were evaluated using GRADE approach. Results. 27 systematic reviews were included. Based on available evidence, we could find that psychoeducational interventions, music interventions, acupuncture plus drug therapy, Chinese herbal medicine plus cancer therapy, compound kushen injection, reflexology, lycopene, TENS, qigong, cupping, cannabis, Reiki, homeopathy (Traumeel), and creative arts therapies might have beneficial effects on adult cancer pain. No benefits were found for acupuncture (versus drug therapy or shame acupuncture), and the results were inconsistent for massage therapy, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), and Viscum album L plus cancer treatment. However, the evidence levels for these interventions were low or moderate due to high risk of bias and/or small sample size of primary studies. Conclusion. CAM may be beneficial for alleviating cancer pain, but the evidence levels were found to be low or moderate. Future large and rigor randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm the benefits of CAM on adult cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanju Bao
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xiangying Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei Avenue, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Zhan Shi
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Baojin Hua
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wei Hou
- Department of Oncology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
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Biofield-based therapies: a systematic review of physiological effects on practitioners during healing. Explore (NY) 2014; 10:150-61. [PMID: 24767262 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several recent reviews have reached guardedly positive conclusions about the effectivenessof biofield therapies in healthcare.(1,2) These studies mainly involved randomized controlled trials to determine changes in condition-related outcome measures, but few addressed the biological basis of these effects. STUDY OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE We performed a systematic review of studies designed to examine whether biofield therapists undergo physiological changes as they enter the healing state. If reproducible changes can be identified, they may serve as markers to reveal events that correlate with the healing process. METHODS Databases were searched for controlled or non-controlled studies of biofield therapies in which physiological measurements were made on practitioners in a healing state, with or without a healee present. Design and reporting criteria, developed in part to reflect the pilot nature of the included studies, were applied using a yes (1.0), partial (0.5), or no (0) scoring system. RESULTS Of 67 identified studies, the inclusion criteria were met by 22, 10 of which involved human healees. Overall, the studies were of moderate to poor quality and many omitted information about the training and experience of the healer. The most frequently measured biomarkers were electroencephalography (EEG) and heart rate variability (HRV). EEG changes were inconsistent and not specific to biofield therapies. HRV results suggest an aroused physiology for Reconnective Healing, Bruyere healing, and Hawaiian healing but no changes were detected for Reiki or Therapeutic Touch. CONCLUSIONS Despite a decades-long research interest in identifying healing-related biomarkers in biofield healers, little robust evidence of unique physiological changes has emerged to define the healers׳ state.
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Henneghan AM, Schnyer RN. Biofield Therapies for Symptom Management in Palliative and End-of-Life Care. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2013; 32:90-100. [DOI: 10.1177/1049909113509400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Terminally ill patients experience negative symptoms at end of life (EOL) that hinder well-being and quality of life (QOL). Current intervention strategies are not always effective or feasible. A focused literature review to evaluate the use of biofield therapies (ie, Therapeutic Touch, Healing Touch, and Reiki) to manage the symptoms in EOL revealed no studies on the use these therapies, specifically in this population. Evidence from studies on relevant populations (patients with cancer, elderly patients, and patients experiencing chronic pain), which addressed the outcomes relevant to palliative and EOL care (EOLC; pain levels, changes in psychological symptoms, well-being, and QOL), supports the use of biofield therapies in relieving pain, improving QOL and well-being, and reducing psychological symptoms of stress. Further research to assess the use of biofield therapies in EOLC is clearly needed.
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Reiki therapy for postoperative oral pain in pediatric patients: pilot data from a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2013; 20:21-5. [PMID: 24439640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effects of Reiki as an adjuvant therapy to opioid therapy for postoperative pain control in pediatric patients. METHODS This was a double-blind, randomized controlled study of children undergoing dental procedures. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either Reiki therapy or the control therapy (sham Reiki) preoperatively. Postoperative pain scores, opioid requirements, and side effects were assessed. Family members were also asked about perioperative care satisfaction. Multiple linear regressions were used for analysis. RESULTS Thirty-eight children participated. The blinding procedure was successful. No statistically significant difference was observed between groups on all outcome measures. IMPLICATIONS Our study provides a successful example of a blinding procedure for Reiki therapy among children in the perioperative period. This study does not support the effectiveness of Reiki as an adjuvant therapy to opioid therapy for postoperative pain control in pediatric patients.
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Anderson JG, Taylor AG. Use of complementary therapies for cancer symptom management: results of the 2007 National Health Interview Survey. J Altern Complement Med 2012; 18:235-41. [PMID: 22420737 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Complementary therapies are often used as adjuncts to conventional treatment by individuals with cancer. Patterns of use of these practices and products represent important data for health care providers in delivering adequate patient care. DESIGN This study compared use of complementary therapies between the cancer and noncancer populations in the United States through secondary analyses of the 2007 National Health Interview Survey data. The analysis compared use by cancer survivors (those individuals self-reporting a diagnosis of cancer; n=1785) and individuals without cancer (n=21,585), as well as self-report of symptoms affecting health-related quality of life (HQoL). RESULTS Data suggest similar patterns of use between cancer survivors and the general population; however, a greater percentage of cancer survivors use complementary modalities. Individuals with cancer reported a greater percentage of use of complementary therapies overall, with cancer status significantly associated with ever having used complementary and alternative medicine (p<0.001). The five most common complementary practices and products used by individuals with cancer and controls were vitamin/mineral supplements, prayer for self, intercessory prayer, chiropractic/osteopathic manipulation, and herbal therapies. Additionally, as might be expected, individuals with cancer experience greater frequency of deleterious symptoms associated with decreased HQoL. Individuals with cancer were more likely to sleep fewer than 7 hours (p=0.0108) or greater than 9 hours (p=0.0108), and have increased insomnia (p<0.001), excessive sleepiness (p<0.001), depression (p<0.001), and anxiety (p<0.001) versus those without cancer. CONCLUSIONS The current findings may inform health care providers about the use of complementary and integrative practices and products by patients with cancer in an effort to manage symptoms of the disease. Additionally, these results may also be used to promote research to define the merits of the use of such complementary and integrative practices and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel G Anderson
- Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies, School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Abstract
The public and healthcare professionals have become increasingly aware and accepting of the benefit in physical, psychological, social, and spiritual support for patients with cancer. Patients with cancer often seek nonpharmacologic interventions to complement conventional care and decrease the pain associated with cancer and its treatment. Most often referred to as complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), these supportive therapies consist of a heterogeneous group of modalities used as adjuncts to allopathic health care. Biofield therapies are CAM modalities that involve the direction of healing energy through the hands to facilitate well-being by modifying the energy field of the body. This critical review of studies of biofield therapies emphasizes research using these modalities to decrease pain in patients with cancer. Although the therapies have demonstrated clinical efficacy, additional research is warranted. Oncology nurses should familiarize themselves with biofield therapies so they can offer informed recommendations to patients with cancer experiencing pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel G Anderson
- Center for the Study of Complementary and Alternative Therapies, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
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Díaz-Rodríguez L, Arroyo-Morales M, Cantarero-Villanueva I, Férnandez-Lao C, Polley M, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C. The application of Reiki in nurses diagnosed with Burnout Syndrome has beneficial effects on concentration of salivary IgA and blood pressure. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2012; 19:1132-8. [PMID: 22030577 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-11692011000500010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of the secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), α-amylase activity and blood pressure levels after the application of a Reiki session in nurses with Burnout Syndrome. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design was conducted to compare the immediate effects of Reiki versus control intervention (Hand-off sham intervention) in nurses with Burnout Syndrome. Sample was composed of eighteen nurses (aged 34-56 years) with burnout syndrome. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either a Reiki treatment or a placebo (sham Reiki) treatment, according to the established order in two different days. The ANOVA showed a significant interaction time x intervention for diastolic blood pressure (F=4.92, P=0.04) and sIgA concentration (F=4.71, P=0.04). A Reiki session can produce an immediate and statistically significant improvement in sIgA concentration and diastolic blood pressure in nurses with Burnout Syndrome.
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Randomized expectancy-enhanced placebo-controlled trial of the impact of Quantum BioEnergetic distant healing and paranormal belief on mood disturbance: a pilot study. Explore (NY) 2012; 8:107-17. [PMID: 22385565 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Previous research has demonstrated the effects of ostensible subtle energy on physical systems and subjective experience. However, one subtle energy technique that has been neglected, despite anecdotal support for its efficacy, is Quantum BioEnergetics (QBE). Furthermore, the influence of paranormal belief and experience (either real belief/experience or suggested belief/experience) on subtle energy effects remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate experimentally the effects of distant QBE healing, and paranormal belief/experience, on mood. DESIGN A randomized expectancy-enhanced placebo-controlled design was used. SETTING Data were collected at the QBE Centre, Melbourne. PARTICIPANTS Participants were students from Deakin University and from the general public. METHODS Snowball sampling (ie, word-of-mouth) and convenience sampling using a ballot box placed in the university library. OUTCOME MEASURES Profile of Mood States-Short Form was used to quantify positive and negative mood states. RESULTS The QBE condition was associated with (1) significantly less Tension-Anxiety compared with the placebo and control condition; and (2) significantly less Anger-Hostility and Total Mood Disturbance compared with the control condition (but not the placebo condition). Furthermore, there was an interaction of condition and paranormal belief/experience with regard to Depression-Dejection, with believers assigned to the placebo condition scoring lowest on this Mood variable. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the use of QBE by an experienced practitioner reduces mood disturbance. In addition, the placebo condition may have evoked suggestibility effects in believers, which would mean that they may be more likely than nonbelievers to believe that they were receiving healing, thus resulting in lower Depression-Dejection scores.
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