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Petruzzi M, Della Vella F, Squicciarini N, Lilli D, Campus G, Piazzolla G, Lucchese A, van der Waal I. Diagnostic delay in autoimmune oral diseases. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2614-2623. [PMID: 36565434 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) affect about 5% of the general population, causing various systemic and/or topical clinical manifestations. The oral mucosa is often affected, sometimes as the only involved site. The misdiagnosis of oral ADs is an underreported issue. This narrative review focuses on diagnostic delay (DD) in oral ADs (oral lichen planus [OLP], oral Pemphigus Vulgaris, mucous membrane pemphigoid, oral lupus erythematosus, orofacial granulomatosis, oral erythema multiforme [EM], and Sjogren syndrome). Extensive literature research was conducted via MEDLINE, Embase and Google Scholar databases for articles reporting the time spent to achieve the correct diagnosis of oral ADs. Only 16 studies reported DD in oral ADs. Oral autoimmune vesiculobullous diseases are usually diagnosed after 8 months from the initial signs/symptoms, the Sjogren Syndrome diagnosis usually requires about 73 months. No data exist about the DD in OLP, oral lupus erythematosus, orofacial granulomatosis, and oral EM. The diagnosis of oral ADs can be difficult due to the non-specificity of their manifestations and the unawareness of dentists, physicians, and dental and medical specialists about these diseases. This can lead to a professional DD and a consequential treatment delay. The delay can be attributed to the physicians or/and the healthcare system (Professional Delay) or the patient (Patient's Delay).
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Petruzzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fedora Della Vella
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Squicciarini
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Davide Lilli
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- School of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Giuseppina Piazzolla
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine "G. Baccelli", University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Alberta Lucchese
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania-Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Dorsareh F, Vahid-Dastjerdi G, Bouyahya A, Zarshenas MM, Rezaie M, Yang WM, Amiri-Ardekani E. Topical Licorice for Aphthous: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:437-447. [PMID: 37786470 PMCID: PMC10541548 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2022.94467.2576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is the most common ulcerative disease that affects oral mucosa. The coating agents, topical analgesics, and topical steroids are usually used as treatment methods. Glycyrrhiza glabra has been used for RAS treatment based on its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, a systemic review on the therapeutic effect of topical licorice on RAS management was performed. Methods Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane databases, PubMed Google Scholar, and ResearchGate were searched up to September 2021 to find all English randomized clinical trials studying the effect of G. glabra, or its compositions on RAS. Meta-analysis was not conducted because of data heterogeneity. Articles were reviewed qualitatively, and only those with a Jadad score ≥3 were included. Animal studies, in vitro, review papers, non-English papers, and case reports were excluded. Results Six studies with 314 subjects were included after screening. The result showed licorice has significant effects on RAS pain reduction, ulcer size, and healing time. Its effectiveness is related to its dose-dependent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through several mechanisms. It also has antibacterial effects against Streptococci mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis as another mechanism of action in RAS treatment. In addition, licorice can elevate the epidermal growth factor (EGF) level compared to the control group, which has an essential role in oral mucosal tissue integrity. Conclusion Licorice extract has been used in different dosage forms, including paste, patch, and mouthwash with concentrations of 1% or 5%. The healing time after licorice therapy is expected to be within 4-8 days. Licorice did not show any adverse effect in the intervention groups, indicating its effectiveness and safety in RAS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Dorsareh
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Scientific Association of Indigenous Knowledge, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Gita Vahid-Dastjerdi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Scientific Association of Indigenous Knowledge, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, and Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Traditional Medicine and Hydrotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ehsan Amiri-Ardekani
- Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Li G, Yu Q, Li M, Zhang D, Yu J, Yu X, Xia C, Lin J, Han L, Huang H. Phyllanthus emblica fruits: a polyphenol-rich fruit with potential benefits for oral management. Food Funct 2023; 14:7738-7759. [PMID: 37529983 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01671d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The fruit of Phyllanthus emblica Linn., which mainly grows in tropical and subtropical regions, is well-known for its medicine and food homology properties. It has a distinctive flavor, great nutritional content, and potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immunoregulatory effects. According to an increasing amount of scientific and clinical evidence, this fruit shows significant potential for application and development in the field of oral health management. Through the supplementation of vitamins, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and other nutrients reduce virulence expression of various oral pathogens, prevent tissue and mucosal damage caused by oxidative stress, etc. Phyllanthus emblica fruit can promote saliva secretion, regulate the balance of the oral microecology, prevent and treat oral cancer early, promote alveolar bone remodeling and aid mucosal wound healing. Thus, it plays a specific role in the prevention and treatment of common oral disorders, producing surprising results. For instance, enhancing the effectiveness of scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis, relieving mucosal inflammation caused by radiotherapy for oral cancer, and regulating the blood glucose metabolism to alleviate oral discomfort. Herein, we systematically review the latest research on the use of Phyllanthus emblica fruit in the management of oral health and examine the challenges and future research directions based on its chemical composition and characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gefei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Qiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Mengqi Li
- Pharmacy department, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Dingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Ji Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiaohan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Chenxi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, PR China.
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Haozhou Huang
- State key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, 620010, China
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Yin Z, zhang X, bai Y, Yang Y, Liu B, Fan Z. Dissolvable and layered microneedles composed of hyaluronate/rbFGF/CPC effectively improve the treatment effect on recurrent aphthous ulcers. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00054g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional topical medications for recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAU) are limited due to the washing effects of saliva and activities of masticatory muscle decreasing the local effective drug concentration. To overcome...
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Xu K, Zhou C, Huang F, Duan N, Wang Y, Zheng L, Wang X, Wang W. Relationship between dietary factors and recurrent aphthous stomatitis in China: a cross-sectional study. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211017724. [PMID: 34057842 PMCID: PMC8753793 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211017724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a common oral mucosal disorder characterized by chronic, inflammatory, and ovoid ulcers, has a complex etiology. The purpose of the study was to investigate the specific dietary factors influencing the prevalence of RAS. Methods A total of 754 participants aged 18 to 59 years were enrolled in this descriptive cross-sectional study. An anonymous questionnaire was adopted to investigate the distribution of RAS, dietary factors, self-reported trigger factors, and therapeutic methods. Results Among all participants, the prevalence rate of RAS was 21.4%. Univariable analysis showed that fruit, dairy products, vegetables, and water, but not fried foods, fermented foods, spicy foods, and eggs, were preventive factors against RAS. After adjusting for age and sex, multivariable regression analysis suggested that fruit (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.430, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.218–0.847) and water (aOR = 0.294, 95% CI = 0.119–0.726) were protective factors against RAS. Conclusion This study found that the consumption of fruit and water was negatively associated with RAS. These results imply a potential adjunctive and complementary role of food in RAS treatment and some feasible means of RAS prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Xu
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chongchong Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Huang
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Duan
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanyi Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lichun Zheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenmei Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, 144984Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Ismail RWK, Turkistani H, Alharthi R, Kariri AM, Khan A. The Extend and Reasons behind the Use of Herbal Medicine as an Alternative Treatment in Dentistry. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.51847/gttfyyfrhr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Al‐Amad SH, Ghebeh M, Saloum P, Maarouf TB, Moustafa YM, Younis Z. Pharmacists' clinical competency towards oral mucosal diseases: Results from a mystery shopper study. Oral Dis 2019; 26:89-95. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maya Ghebeh
- College of Dental Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE
| | | | | | | | - Zeyad Younis
- College of Dental Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE
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Hegde S, Ajila V, Babu S, Kumari S, Ullal H, Madiyal A. Evaluation of salivary tumour necrosis factor-alpha in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Eur Oral Res 2018; 52:157-161. [PMID: 30775720 DOI: 10.26650/eor.2018.543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Present study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the salivary levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in subjects with RAS, traumatic ulcers (TUs) in the oral mucosa and in healthy controls. Materials and Methods Present study involved 90 participants of which 30 subjects were diagnosed with RAS, 30 subjects with TUs and 30 healthy controls grouped as group 1, group 2 and group 3 respectively. Unstimulated saliva was collected from the subjects through 'Spit Technique' and the estimation of TNF-α was done by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The data collected was statistically analysed. Results Salivary level of TNF-α was significantly higher in RAS patients than in patients with TUs and healthy controls. Difference between the Salivary TNF-α level in our study groups were statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion Present study suggests that saliva is a convenient and ideal medium for the detection of TNF-α. Statistically significant difference in the level of salivary TNF-α between the RAS and TUs subjects as well as controls suggests the significant contribution of TNF-α in pathogenesis of RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruthi Hegde
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
| | - Vidya Ajila
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
| | - Subhas Babu
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
| | - Suchetha Kumari
- Department of Biochemistry, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
| | - Harshini Ullal
- Central research laboratory, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
| | - Ananya Madiyal
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, A B Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte University, Mangalore, India
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Hassona Y, Cirillo N, Taimeh D, Al Khawaldeh H, Sawair F. Diagnostic patterns and delays in autoimmune blistering diseases of the mouth: A cross-sectional study. Oral Dis 2018; 24:802-808. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Hassona
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Periodontics; School of Dentistry; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
| | - N Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - D Taimeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Periodontics; School of Dentistry; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
| | | | - F Sawair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Periodontics; School of Dentistry; The University of Jordan; Amman Jordan
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Rodríguez-Archilla A, Raissouni T. Randomized clinical trial of the effectiveness of complementary therapies for recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Med Clin (Barc) 2017; 149:55-60. [PMID: 28238332 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Despite the high prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), its etiology is not yet completely clear and there is no completely remedial treatment available at present. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 4 treatments (silver nitrate, propolis, rhubarb and walnut) for RAS. PATIENTS AND METHOD A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 125 patients with minor aphthae, including 25 patients per group: cauterization with silver nitrate, propolis, rhubarb extract, walnut extract and placebo. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS No patient reported adverse effects related to the treatment received. There were significant (P<.001) differences in the time elapsed until symptom resolution. The fastest treatment was silver nitrate (1.16 days), followed by the 3 alternative treatments (1.60 days with propolis, 1.84 with rhubarb and 2.00 with walnut; with no differences between them), and finally the placebo (4.64 days). The mean healing time of the lesions was statistically higher (8.96 days) for the placebo than for the 4 treatments: silver nitrate (7.32 days), propolis (6.80), rhubarb (7.72) and walnut (8.00).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarik Raissouni
- Centro Odontológico M'fedal Afailal Bab Okla, Tetuán, Marruecos
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Dharmavaram AT, Reddy RS, Nallakunta R. "Ozone" - the new NEMESIS of canker sore. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC01-4. [PMID: 25954693 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/11911.5617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent aphthous ulceration or recurrent aphthous stomatitis is one of the most debilitating and painful oral mucosal disease. This disease entity has no specific cause to occur and no proper laboratory procedures are present to elicit the diagnosis. The treatment options are largely palliative and aimed at reducing symptoms thereby improving patient's oral condition. In the present study the subjects witnessed alleviation of clinical symptoms related to the aphthous ulceration. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of ozonated oil in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer and to compare with sessame oil in order to analyse the effectiveness between the two topical oil medications. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-blinded placebo-controlled trial comprising of 30 subjects with recurrent aphthous ulcers were divided into Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 with 10 subjects in each group was performed. Patients in Group 1 received ozonated oil, Group 2 received sesame oil and Group 3 received placebo. Treatment response was assessed by measures of pain reduction, ulcer duration on 2(nd), 4(th) and 6(th) day. Data were analyzed using Wilcokson signed rank test and Friedman test. RESULTS Participants treated with ozonated oil showed significant reduction in ulcer size, erythema and also alleviated the ulcer pain on 4(th) day of evaluation when compared to sesame oil and placebo group. On 6(th) day subjects treated with ozonated oil and sesame oil showed significant reduction in ulcer size and erythema. No significant difference was observed in placebo group when compared with other two groups on subsequent 2(nd), 4(th) and 6(th) day of evaluation. CONCLUSION Ozonated oil and sessame oil, both showed similar effectiveness in relieving the ulcer pain. Ozone with its wide variety of inherent properties has proven to be choice of treatment in completely relieving the ulcer pain and ulcer size when compared with that of its counter medication (i.e. sesame oil).Therefore the results obtained in the present study forecast ozone to be used as a novel treatment approach in recurrent aphthous ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Thabusum Dharmavaram
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Drs Sudha and Nageshwara Rao Siddartha Institute of Dental Sciences , Gannavaram, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - R Sudhakara Reddy
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vishnu Dental College , Vishnupur Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rajesh Nallakunta
- Post Graduate Student, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vishnu Dental College , Vishnupur Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Hassona Y, Scully C, Abu Ghosh M, Khoury Z, Jarrar S, Sawair F. Mouth cancer awareness and beliefs among dental patients. Int Dent J 2014; 65:15-21. [PMID: 25371164 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess the levels of awareness, knowledge about signs and risk factors of mouth (oral) cancer, and attitudes towards early diagnosis and treatment among dental outpatients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 1,200 adult outpatients attending dental clinics at the University of Jordan Hospital for dental examination and treatment were randomly selected to participate in the study. An 18-item pretested close-ended questionnaire was used for the study. Descriptive statistics were generated and chi-square tests, t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Spearman's rho test were used to examine differences between groups. RESULTS Only 45.6% of the subjects had heard about oral cancer. Some 66.9% and 33.8%, respectively, were able to correctly identify tobacco and alcohol as risk factors. Some 24.1% had no knowledge about any signs of oral cancer. Male subjects, smokers, alcohol drinkers, older participants (>40 years), and participants with less than a university education were significantly less aware, and had much less knowledge, of the signs and risk factors of oral cancer (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Awareness about oral cancer among Jordanian dental outpatients is low. These dental patients, especially those in high-risk groups for mouth cancer and those of lower socio-economic status (SES), are less well informed about the signs and risk factors of oral cancer. Interventions to improve public knowledge about oral cancer and attitudes towards early diagnosis and treatment are urgently indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazan Hassona
- Department of Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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