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Hoosen M, Roman NV, Mthembu TG, Naseer M. Unani Tibb practitioners' perceptions and attitudes towards spirituality and spiritual care in Unani Tibb practice in South Africa. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:189. [PMID: 37296450 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04002-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unani Tibb is an Arabic term which means Greek medicine. It is an ancient holistic medical system based on the healing theories of Hippocrates, Galen and Ibn Sina (Avicenna). Despite this, spirituality and spiritual care practices are deficient in the clinical setting. METHODS This cross-sectional descriptive study was used to describe Unani Tibb practitioners' perceptions and attitudes regarding spirituality and spiritual care in South Africa. A demographic form, Spiritual Care-Giving Scale, Spiritual and Spiritual Care Rating Scale and Spirituality in Unani Tibb Scale were used to collect data. RESULTS A response rate of 64.7% (n = 44 out of 68) was achieved. Positive perceptions and attitudes regarding spirituality and spiritual care were recorded for Unani Tibb practitioners. The spiritual needs of their patients were considered vital towards enhancing the Unani Tibb treatment approach. Spirituality and spiritual care were regarded as fundamental to Unani Tibb therapy. However, most practitioners agreed that adequate training in spirituality and spiritual care was lacking and future training initiatives were imperative for Unani Tibb clinical practice in South Africa. CONCLUSION The findings of this study recommends further research in this field by means of qualitative and mixed methods approaches to provide a deeper understanding to this phenomenon. Clear guidelines on spirituality and spiritual care for Unani Tibb clinical practice are essential to ensure the integrity of the holistic approach required by the profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujeeb Hoosen
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, The University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.
| | - Nicolette Vanessa Roman
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Family and Society, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, The University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Thuli Godfrey Mthembu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Mursaleen Naseer
- Department of Moalejat, Ajmal Khan Tibbiya College, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Hoosen M, Roman NV, Mthembu TG. The Development of Guidelines for the Inclusion of Spirituality and Spiritual Care in Unani Tibb Practice in South Africa: A Study Protocol. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:1261-1281. [PMID: 33108598 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Unani Tibb is a holistic form of medicine, which highlights the interconnectedness of mind, body and soul. Despite this, there is very little evidence of spiritual care practices by Unani Tibb practitioners in South Africa. This protocol outlines a proposed process for developing guidelines to integrate spirituality and spiritual care in Unani Tibb practice. In phase one, a document review will be conducted on spirituality and spiritual care in complementary and alternative medicine and Unani Tibb. A series of quantitative and qualitative enquiries will follow to obtain the perspectives of various stakeholders in the Unani Tibb profession. Phase two will rely on the findings of phase I to develop guidelines according to the Delphi method. Experts in the relevant fields will be soliciting their opinions on the nature and content of the proposed guidelines. The data will be analysed using descriptive statistical analyses, thematic analysis and narrative synthesis. Ethics clearance has been obtained from the ethics committee of the university.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujeeb Hoosen
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, The University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.
| | - Nicolette Vanessa Roman
- The Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies of Children, Family and Society, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, The University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Thuli Godfrey Mthembu
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Clayton-Jones D, Ong LZ, Garnier-Villarreal M, Vick L, Sawdy R, George S, Haglund K. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Mind-Body Approaches Used Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 61:254-259. [PMID: 34329828 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this paper is to examine complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among racially and ethnically diverse adolescents. Greater understanding of CAM use among this group is warranted to better inform health care providers in delivering a culturally relevant health promotion approach. DESIGN AND METHODS A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2012 Child Complementary and Alternative Medicine Supplement of the National Health Interview Survey (CAM-NHIS) data, which was collected from a national sample of adolescents aged 12-17 years. A logistic regression test was employed to investigate the predictors associated with CAM use among racially and ethnically diverse adolescents. RESULTS While Black and Hispanic adolescents were the least likely to use CAM compared to their White counterparts, families with higher incomes, higher education attainment, and adolescents who experienced pain were more likely to use CAM. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest the need for future research to gain a greater understanding of CAM use among racially and ethnically diverse adolescents, and insights into how health disparities impact CAM use. Greater understanding of how CAM use intersects with health beliefs and outcomes is also warranted. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Based on the CAM-NHIS survey, few racially and ethnically diverse adolescents have reported use of CAM. Development of culturally appropriate instruments and methods to assess CAM use among racially and ethnically diverse adolescents may yield specific data for this population. Informed health care providers can advocate for improved access to CAM for minority adolescents and alter disparate use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee Za Ong
- Marquette University, Department of Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology, WI, USA.
| | | | - Lori Vick
- University of South Carolina College of Nursing, SC, USA.
| | - Rachel Sawdy
- Marquette University College of Nursing, WI, USA.
| | - Safiya George
- Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, FL, USA.
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Powers-James C, Alvarez A, Milbury K, Barbo A, Daunov K, Lopez G, Cohen L, Delgado-Guay MO, Olopade OI, Lee RT. The Influence of Spirituality and Religiosity on US Oncologists' Personal Use of and Clinical Practices Regarding Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Integr Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1534735420945769. [PMID: 32830556 PMCID: PMC7448258 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420945769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer patients frequently use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and spirituality has been associated with CAM use among patients. We evaluated how oncologists’ spirituality and religiosity are associated with personal use and patient recommendations for CAM. Methods: A survey was mailed to 1000 medical oncologists in the United States. The questionnaire asked about oncologists’ approaches to CAM use by patients, focusing on the use of herbs and supplement (HS), and about religiosity and spirituality. Results: Of 937 deliverable questionnaires, 392 were returned (response rate 42%). Respondents were mostly men (71%) and Caucasian (76%), with a median age of 48. Approximately 16% reported no religion, 19% Jewish, 24% Catholic, 28% Christian, and 13% other religions. Eighteen percent reported attending religious services at least once a week, including 15% who attend several times per week. Twenty-eight percent reported high theological pluralism (skepticism regarding whether one religion is comprehensively and uniquely true); 58% described themselves as moderately or very spiritual. Self-reported spirituality and religious service attendance were associated with using CAM personally and recommending HS to patients. In multivariate analyses, moderate-high spirituality and attending religious services less than monthly was positively associated with personal use of CAM: odds ratio (OR) = 3.10 (confidence interval [CI] = 1.5-6.5) and OR = 3.04 (CI = 1.5-6.6), respectively. Physicians with moderate to high spirituality were more likely to report recommending CAM in general (OR = 3.07, CI = 1.3-7.1), but less likely to report recommending HS (OR = 0.33, CI = 0.14-0.75). Conclusion: Self-reported spirituality is a significant factor among US oncologists’ decision to use CAM and recommend CAM to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kathrin Milbury
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Gabriel Lopez
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lorenzo Cohen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Richard T Lee
- University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Kienle GS, Mussler M, Fuchs D, Kiene H. On caring and sharing-Addressing psychological, biographical, and spiritual aspects in integrative cancer care: A qualitative interview study on physicians' perspectives. Complement Ther Med 2018; 40:126-132. [PMID: 30219437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients confronted with a cancer diagnosis experience a variety of existential needs encompassing emotional, psychological, and spiritual areas of being. A patient-centered care approach addressing such existential issues is recognized as an essential aspect of health care. The aim of this study is to explore what role psychological, biographical, and spiritual factors play for experienced doctors working in integrative cancer care. METHOD The qualitative study was based on in-depth interviews with 35 purposively sampled doctors, all practicing integrative oncology in the field of anthroposophic medicine in hospitals and/or office-based practices in Germany and other countries. Data were analyzed using structured content analysis. RESULTS Psychological, biographical, and spiritual factors are important issues in integrative cancer care. Prevailing themes identified in this study were enabling patients to participate in life, promoting autonomy and coping, stabilizing patients emotionally and cognitively, overcoming the disease, and-primarily if addressed by patients-integrating spiritual issues. Doctors offered conversation, counseling, and time, but also referred to art, music, literature, and nature, so that patients' ongoing emotional, psychological, and spiritual needs could be explored and addressed. Doctors' attitudes with regard to existential issues were seen as important, as was maintaining an attitude of openness towards existential issues. CONCLUSION Doctors in integrative cancer care utilize different methods to explore the needs of patients and employ a variety of treatment methods that address not just patients' medical issues but their existential concerns as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunver S Kienle
- Institute for Applied Epistemology and Medical Methodology at the University of Witten Herdecke, Zechenweg 6, D-79111 Freiburg, Germany; Center for Complementary Medicine, Institute for Infection Prevention and Hospital Epidemiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Breisacher Str. 115B, 79106, Germany.
| | - Milena Mussler
- Institute for Applied Epistemology and Medical Methodology at the University of Witten Herdecke, Zechenweg 6, D-79111 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Dieter Fuchs
- Department of Theology, Caritas Sciences, University of Freiburg, Werthmannplatz 3, D-79098 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Helmut Kiene
- Institute for Applied Epistemology and Medical Methodology at the University of Witten Herdecke, Zechenweg 6, D-79111 Freiburg, Germany.
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Liem A, Rahmawati KD. The meaning of complementary, alternative and traditional medicine among the Indonesian psychology community: a pilot study. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2017; 15:288-294. [PMID: 28659233 DOI: 10.1016/s2095-4964(17)60336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Complementary, alternative and traditional medicine (CATM) is a new field, as well as a promising area of study and practice in psychology. It is important to research the cultural context and meaning of CATM, including its definitions and examples, among different communities of psychology because CATM's use is dependent on how it is understood by the members. The aim of this pilot study is to provide an interpretation of the Indonesian psychology community's understanding of CATM through a qualitative approach. METHODS Online interviews with open-ended questions and purposive sampling were used. Participants were dominantly psychologists or lecturers in clinical psychology area. Ten males and 12 females with an average age of 28.0 ± 2.5 years voluntarily participated in this study. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and reviewed and analysed by the two authors to ensure accuracy of interpretation. RESULTS It was found that there was no single meaning of CATM among the Indonesian community of psychology. Participants were not familiar enough with the terms and tended to use them with overlap. It can be suggested that "complementary medicine" and "alternative medicine" or "complementary-alternative medicine" combined provides more suitable terminology for use among Indonesian psychology community when communicating with other health care professionals. CONCLUSION The understanding of the terms and examples of CATM were diverse and were often used interchangeably in the projects/interviews. It was also found that Indonesian psychologists required more education regarding CATM. In addition, future studies with more participants from various aspects of the psychology community should be conducted to capture a more representative sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrian Liem
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia.,School of Psychology, University of Ciputra, Surabaya 60219, Indonesia
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Movafagh A, Heidari MH, Abdoljabbari M, Mansouri N, Taghavi A, Karamatinia A, Mehrvar N, Hashemi M, Ghazi M. Spiritual Therapy in Coping with Cancer as a Complementary Medical Preventive Practice. J Cancer Prev 2017; 22:82-88. [PMID: 28698861 PMCID: PMC5503219 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2017.22.2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many of methods of treating cancer. However, the concept of curing the cancer is beyond our current knowledge. Some patients who have the cancer may seek an alternative manner of curing their disease. Alternative medicines, such as spiritual and complementary therapy, are able to cure the cancer and, at the least, are safe. Research on the importance of spirituality in cancer care has mainly been performed in geographically heterogeneous populations. The results are limited to these specific religious-cultural contexts and enlightened by contributions from ethnicity and religion. This article focused on the religiousness and spiritual support of cancer patients from diverse and heterogeneous groups around the globe. An electronic search of peer-reviewed articles was systematically performed to obtain the relevant literature with the CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases. The keywords included religion, cancer, illness, psychotherapy, and spiritual and alternative treatment/therapies. The inclusion criteria for the reviews were that the documents were original quantitative research and published in English. Articles that were not directly relevant to the present objective were excluded. The present outcome of these review resources suggest that it may be helpful for clinicians to address spirituality, particularly with regard to prevention, healing, and survival of cancer patients. This article indicates that it may be useful for clinical oncologists to be informed of the prevalence of the use of spiritual medicine in their specialized field. In addition, patients should routinely be asked about the use of spiritual medicine as part of every cancer patient's evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Movafagh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cancer Research Center, Shohada Referral Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Abdoljabbari
- Department of Moaref, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mansouri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cancer Research Center, Shohada Referral Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsoon Taghavi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliasghar Karamatinia
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Mehrvar
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Ghazi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nejat N, Whitehead L, Crowe M. The use of spirituality and religiosity in coping with colorectal cancer. Contemp Nurse 2017; 53:48-59. [DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2016.1276401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazi Nejat
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 6941-7-38481, Iran
| | - Lisa Whitehead
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth 6027, Australia
| | - Marie Crowe
- Centre for Postgraduate Nursing Studies, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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Parameshwaran R. Theory and practice of chaplain's spiritual care process: A psychiatrist's experiences of chaplaincy and conceptualizing trans-personal model of mindfulness. Indian J Psychiatry 2015; 57:21-9. [PMID: 25657453 PMCID: PMC4314912 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5545.148511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Of various spiritual care methods, mindfulness meditation has found consistent application in clinical intervention and research. "Listening presence," a chaplain's model of mindfulness and its trans-personal application in spiritual care is least understood and studied. AIM The aim was to develop a conceptualized understanding of chaplain's spiritual care process based on neuro-physiological principles of mindfulness and interpersonal empathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Current understandings on neuro-physiological mechanisms of mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) and interpersonal empathy such as theory of mind and mirror neuron system are used to build a theoretical framework for chaplain's spiritual care process. Practical application of this theoretical model is illustrated using a carefully recorded clinical interaction, in verbatim, between chaplain and his patient. Qualitative findings from this verbatim are systematically analyzed using neuro-physiological principles. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Chaplain's deep listening skills to experience patient's pain and suffering, awareness of his emotions/memories triggered by patient's story and ability to set aside personal emotions, and judgmental thoughts formed intra-personal mindfulness. Chaplain's insights on and ability to remain mindfully aware of possible emotions/thoughts in the patient, and facilitating patient to return and re-return to become aware of internal emotions/thoughts helps the patient develop own intra-personal mindfulness leading to self-healing. This form of care involving chaplain's mindfulness of emotions/thoughts of another individual, that is, patient, may be conceptualized as trans-personal model of MBI. CONCLUSION Chaplain's approach may be a legitimate form of psychological therapy that includes inter and intra-personal mindfulness. Neuro-physiological mechanisms of empathy that underlie Chaplain's spiritual care process may establish it as an evidence-based clinical method of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishnan Parameshwaran
- Harvard Divinity School, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, Adibhat Foundation for Integrating Medicine and Spirituality, Greater Kailash-I, New Delhi, India
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Sim TF, Hattingh HL, Sherriff J, Tee LBG. Perspectives and attitudes of breastfeeding women using herbal galactagogues during breastfeeding: a qualitative study. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:216. [PMID: 24985246 PMCID: PMC4085371 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Some herbal galactagogues have gained reputation and recognition by the public and health professionals as alternative approaches to increase breast milk supply. This study explores the perspectives and attitudes of breastfeeding women towards the use of herbal galactagogues while breastfeeding, their experiences, and why and how they have chosen an alternative option over conventional treatments to enhance breastfeeding performance. Methods This exploratory research was conducted through in-depth semi-structured interviews with women living in Perth, Western Australia, who were using one or more herbal galactagogues during breastfeeding. Purposeful and subsequent snowball sampling methods were employed to recruit participants. All interviews, facilitated by an interview guide, were audio-recorded, then transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data to construct themes and subthemes. Results The perspectives and attitudes of the 20 participants are classified under three main headings: i) use of herbal medicines during breastfeeding, ii) available herbal medicines resources, and iii) level of breastfeeding support received. Throughout the interviews, participants described how their perseverance and determination to breastfeed, as well as concerns over breastfed infants’ safety with conventional treatments, influenced their choice of therapy. A sense of self-efficacy and autonomy over their own health needs was seen as influential to their confidence level, supported self-empowerment and provided reassurance throughout the breastfeeding journey. There was also a desire for more evidence-based information and expectations of health professionals to provide credible and reliable information regarding the use of herbal medicines during breastfeeding. Conclusions This study has enhanced our understanding of the perspectives and attitudes of breastfeeding women towards the use of herbal medicines, in particular galactagogues, while breastfeeding. The positive attitudes of breastfeeding women identified in this study highlight the need for further research into evaluating the safety and efficacy of commonly used herbal galactagogues, whilst the negative views on breastfeeding education should be taken into consideration when implementing or improving breastfeeding-related health policies.
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Schultz M, Lulav-Grinwald D, Bar-Sela G. Cultural differences in spiritual care: findings of an Israeli oncologic questionnaire examining patient interest in spiritual care. BMC Palliat Care 2014; 13:19. [PMID: 24708816 PMCID: PMC4108186 DOI: 10.1186/1472-684x-13-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As professional spiritual care (chaplaincy) is introduced to new cultures worldwide, it bears examining which elements of screening and care are universal and, for those elements showing cultural difference, to study them in each culture. No quantitative spiritual care patient study had previously been done in Israel. Our objectives were twofold: 1) to examine who wants spiritual care in Israel, including demographic and clinical variables, and to compare against other results worldwide to further develop universal screening protocols 2) to see what patients want from spiritual care specifically in the Israeli setting. Methods Self-administered patient questionnaire examining spirituality/religiosity, interest in spiritual care (subdivided by type of care), and key demographic, social, and clinical data. The study setting was an Israeli oncology center at which spiritual care had been recently introduced. Results Data from 364 oncology patient questionnaires found 41% interest in spiritual care, as compared to 35%-54% in American studies. Having previously been visited by a spiritual caregiver predicted patient interest in further spiritual care (AOR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-4.6), suggesting that the new service is being well-received. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis identified additional predictors of openness to receiving spiritual care: self-describing as somewhat/very spiritual vs. not spiritual (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.9 and 6.3, 95% CI 1.8-8.6 and 2.6-15.1) or traditional/religious vs. secular (AOR 2.2 and 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.6 and 1.1-4.0); and receiving one visit a week or less from family and friends (AOR 5.6, 95% CI 2.1-15.1). These findings are in line with previous American studies, suggesting universality across cultures that could be utilized in screening. Differences in demographic data and medical condition were not significant predictors of patient interest, suggesting a cultural difference, where age and education were predictors in the American context. Levels of interest in explicitly religious or spiritual support such as prayer or addressing religious/spiritual questions were much lower than in other cultures. Conclusions Results illustrate the demand for and satisfaction with the new Israeli service. The cross-cultural comparison found both culture-dependent and possibly universal predictors of patient interest, and found lower interest in Israel for explicitly religious/spiritual types of support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schultz
- Division of Oncology, Rambam-Health Care Campus, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9602, Haifa 31096, Israel.
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Mixed Methods in CAM Research: A Systematic Review of Studies Published in 2012. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:187365. [PMID: 24454489 PMCID: PMC3881584 DOI: 10.1155/2013/187365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background. Mixed methods research uses qualitative and quantitative methods together in a single study or a series of related studies. Objectives. To review the prevalence and quality of mixed methods studies in complementary medicine. Methods. All studies published in the top 10 integrative and complementary medicine journals in 2012 were screened. The quality of mixed methods studies was appraised using a published tool designed for mixed methods studies. Results. 4% of papers (95 out of 2349) reported mixed methods studies, 80 of which met criteria for applying the quality appraisal tool. The most popular formal mixed methods design was triangulation (used by 74% of studies), followed by embedded (14%), sequential explanatory (8%), and finally sequential exploratory (5%). Quantitative components were generally of higher quality than qualitative components; when quantitative components involved RCTs they were of particularly high quality. Common methodological limitations were identified. Most strikingly, none of the 80 mixed methods studies addressed the philosophical tensions inherent in mixing qualitative and quantitative methods. Conclusions and Implications. The quality of mixed methods research in CAM can be enhanced by addressing philosophical tensions and improving reporting of (a) analytic methods and reflexivity (in qualitative components) and (b) sampling and recruitment-related procedures (in all components).
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Kessler C, Wischnewsky M, Michalsen A, Eisenmann C, Melzer J. Ayurveda: between religion, spirituality, and medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:952432. [PMID: 24368928 PMCID: PMC3863565 DOI: 10.1155/2013/952432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ayurveda is playing a growing part in Europe. Questions regarding the role of religion and spirituality within Ayurveda are discussed widely. Yet, there is little data on the influence of religious and spiritual aspects on its European diffusion. Methods. A survey was conducted with a new questionnaire. It was analysed by calculating frequency variables and testing differences in distributions with the χ (2)-Test. Principal Component Analyses with Varimax Rotation were performed. Results. 140 questionnaires were analysed. Researchers found that individual religious and spiritual backgrounds influence attitudes and expectations towards Ayurveda. Statistical relationships were found between religious/spiritual backgrounds and decisions to offer/access Ayurveda. Accessing Ayurveda did not exclude the simultaneous use of modern medicine and CAM. From the majority's perspective Ayurveda is simultaneously a science, medicine, and a spiritual approach. Conclusion. Ayurveda seems to be able to satisfy the individual needs of therapists and patients, despite worldview differences. Ayurvedic concepts are based on anthropologic assumptions including different levels of existence in healing approaches. Thereby, Ayurveda can be seen in accordance with the prerequisites for a Whole Medical System. As a result of this, intimate and individual therapist-patient relationships can emerge. Larger surveys involving bigger participant numbers with fully validated questionnaires are warranted to support these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Kessler
- Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Immanuel Hospital and Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology & Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Center, Research Coordination, Königstraße 63, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Wischnewsky
- eScience Center, University of Bremen, Universitätsallee, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - A. Michalsen
- Department of Internal and Complementary Medicine, Immanuel Hospital and Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology & Health Economics, Charité-University Medical Center, Research Coordination, Königstraße 63, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Eisenmann
- Graduate School in History and Sociology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - J. Melzer
- Institute of Complementary Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Königin-Elisabeth-Herzberge Hospital, 10365 Berlin, Germany
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Roberts D, Wilson C, Todd C, Long AF, Mackereth P, Stringer J, Carter A, Parkin S, Caress AL. Complementary therapies in cancer: Patients’ views on their purposes and value pre and post receipt of complementary therapy—A multi-centre case study. Eur J Integr Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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