1
|
Piterskiy MV, Gusev AG, Khodakov OA, Zakharova YA, Semenov AV. HIV-1 subtype diversity, phylogenetic analysis and study of drug resistance in strains circulating in the Ural Federal District. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND IMMUNOBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.36233/0372-9311-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Ural Federal District (UFD) has been one of the most HIV-affected areas in the Russian Federation during past 20 years. The total number of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) exceeds 100,000 (61.7% of all PLWH in the UFD), which creates opportunities for the wide spread of resistant HIV strains.Research aim was to determine the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes, evaluate the genetic heterogeneity of HIV-1 strains, and analyze the prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations (DRM) and the incidence of acquired resistance to antiretroviral drugs (ARVDs) in PLWH receiving ART in the UFD.Materials and methods. 223 patients receiving ART at stage III–IV of HIV infection living in the UFD were examined. To determine the subtypes and the DRM in the HIV-1 pol gene, molecular genetic studies were performed using the AmpliSense® HIV-Resist-Seq kit by Sanger sequencing on the Applied Biosystems 3500 Genetic Analyzer. The genetic heterogeneity was evaluated by calculating the identity of the genome region of the isolated strains in comparison with the genomes of foreign HIV strains, as well as using phylogenetic analysis.Results. In the studied group of patients, 5 subtypes of HIV-1 were identified: subtype A6 prevalence was 91.03%, that of subtype B was 2.69%, 3 recombinant subtypes (CRF03_A6B, CRF02_AG, CRF63_02A6) accounted for 6.28%. Among analyzed HIV-1 strains, 43.9% had a significant genetic similarity (identity of at least 97%) with the strains isolated from patients from neighboring countries (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Lithuania), 35.9% were similar to the strains isolated from patients from far-abroad countries (USA, China, South Korea, Australia, Sweden, Germany). A high heterogeneity of the circulating genetic variants of HIV-1 strains in the territory of the UFD region was established, which is an unfavorable factor for the diagnosis and treatment of HIV. The most common DRMs to both nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) were detected in 81 specimens (36.3%). NRTI resistance-forming M184V DRM was more common than any other DRM with statistical significance (p = 0,0008) and was detected in 88 specimens (39.5%).Conclusion. In the subtype structure of HIV-1, the dominant subtype was subtype A6, the most common in the countries that were formerly part of the USSR. The heterogeneity of the HIV-1 strains circulating in the UFD suggests that HIV-1 infection continues to be introduced into the UFD from populations outside the Russian Federation. The findings confirm the high prevalence of DRMs (62.8%) and secondary drug resistance of HIV-1 (60.1%) among PLWH in the territory of the UFD. At the same time, high-level resistance was detected in 56.5% of patients, which requires increasing the coverage of HIV resistance testing, including the introduction of monitoring for primary resistance, in order to optimize first-line ART regimens.
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
During the evolution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), transmissions between humans and primates resulted in multiple HIV lineages in humans. This evolution has been rapid, giving rise to a complex classification and allowing for worldwide spread and intermixing of subtypes, which has consequently led to dozens of circulating recombinant forms. In the Republic of Korea, 12,522 cases of HIV infection have been reported between 1985, when AIDS was first identified, and 2015. This review focuses on the evolution of HIV infection worldwide and the molecular epidemiologic characteristics of HIV in Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bum Sik Chin
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park M, Kee MK, Rhee J, Park JY, Kim SS, Kang C, Choi JY. The trend of transmitted drug resistance in newly diagnosed antiretroviral-naive HIV/AIDS patients during 1999-2012 in South Korea. J Clin Virol 2016; 81:53-7. [PMID: 27317880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of antiretroviral drugs has reduced the mortality and morbidity of patients with HIV/AIDS. More than 20 antiretroviral drugs have been used in patients with HIV/AIDS since zidovudine was first introduced in 1991 in South Korea. OBJECTIVES To investigate and estimate the annual prevalence of transmitted drug resistance and drug-resistant variants of HIV-1 in newly diagnosed antiretroviral-naive patients in South Korea during 1999-2012. STUDY DESIGN Plasma specimens were collected from 928 antiretroviral-naive patients during 1999-2012. Mutations in the protease and reverse transcriptase sections of the HIV-1 pol gene were identified using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database (Stanford DB). RESULTS Among 928 HIV-1 isolates from antiretroviral-naive patients, 45 (4.8%) showed 'intermediate' or 'resistant' drug resistance. The predicted prevalence of drug resistance among isolates was 2.2%, 2.7%, and 0.3% for resistance to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors, respectively. CONCLUSIONS There was no significant increase in the prevalence of drug resistance among antiretroviral-naive patients infected with HIV-1 during 1999-2012 in South Korea, although there was a slight increase during 2009-2012. The emergence of drug-resistant variants will continue to be monitored by national surveys.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Park
- Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Kyung Kee
- Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea
| | - JeeEun Rhee
- Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soon Kim
- Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Kang
- Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Choi
- Division of AIDS, Department of Immunology and Pathology, National Institute of Health South Korea, The Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chin BS, Chaillon A, Mehta SR, Wertheim JO, Kim G, Shin HS, Smith DM. Molecular epidemiology identifies HIV transmission networks associated with younger age and heterosexual exposure among Korean individuals. J Med Virol 2016; 88:1832-5. [PMID: 26990771 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate if HIV transmission networks could be elucidated from data collected in a short time frame, 131 HIV-1 pol sequences were analyzed which were generated from treatment-naïve Korean individuals who were sequentially identified over 1 year. A transmission linkage was inferred when there was a genetic distance <1.5% and a total of 16 clusters, involving 39/131 (29.8%), were identified. Younger age and heterosexual exposure were independently related with clustering in the inferred network, which demonstrated that molecular epidemiology with currently generated data (i.e., drug resistance genotypes) can be used to identify local transmission networks, even over a short timeframe. J. Med. Virol. 88:1832-1835, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bum Sik Chin
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Antoine Chaillon
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sanjay R Mehta
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Joel O Wertheim
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Gayeon Kim
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Shik Shin
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Davey M Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chin BS, Shin HS, Kim G, Wagner GA, Gianella S, Smith DM. Short Communication: Increase of HIV-1 K103N Transmitted Drug Resistance and Its Association with Efavirenz Use in South Korea. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2015; 31:603-7. [PMID: 25826122 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2014.0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies reported a relatively low prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in South Korea (<5%). A genotypic resistance test was performed on 131 treatment-naive HIV-1-infected individuals from February 2013 to February 2014. Eleven individuals (8.4%) presented TDR, of whom eight had K103N, revealing a significant increase in K103N TDR compared to previous studies (p<0.001). Using phylogenetic analysis, we identified three distinct clustering pairs with genetic relativeness and a total of five independent strains among the eight K103N cases. Our findings suggest that multiple sources of K103N occurred, most likely as a consequence of increased efavirenz use in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bum Sik Chin
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Shik Shin
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayeon Kim
- Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gabriel A. Wagner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sara Gianella
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Davey M. Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 sequence diversity on antiretroviral therapy outcomes. Viruses 2014; 6:3855-72. [PMID: 25333465 PMCID: PMC4213566 DOI: 10.3390/v6103855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide circulating HIV-1 genomes show extensive variation represented by different subtypes, polymorphisms and drug-resistant strains. Reports on the impact of sequence variation on antiretroviral therapy (ART) outcomes are mixed. In this review, we summarize relevant published data from both resource-rich and resource-limited countries in the last 10 years on the impact of HIV-1 sequence diversity on treatment outcomes. The prevalence of transmission of drug resistant mutations (DRMs) varies considerably, ranging from 0% to 27% worldwide. Factors such as geographic location, access and availability to ART, duration since inception of treatment programs, quality of care, risk-taking behaviors, mode of transmission, and viral subtype all dictate the prevalence in a particular geographical region. Although HIV-1 subtype may not be a good predictor of treatment outcome, review of emerging evidence supports the fact that HIV-1 genome sequence-resulting from natural polymorphisms or drug-associated mutations-matters when it comes to treatment outcomes. Therefore, continued surveillance of drug resistant variants in both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced populations is needed to reduce the transmission of DRMs and to optimize the efficacy of the current ART armamentarium.
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim MH, Song JE, Ahn JY, Kim YC, Oh DH, Choi H, Ann HW, Kim JK, Kim SB, Jeong SJ, Ku NS, Han SH, Song YG, Kim JM, Choi JY. HIV antiretroviral resistance mutations among antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced patients in South Korea. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2013; 29:1617-20. [PMID: 23952717 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2013.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of HIV drug resistance mutations among antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive and ART-experienced patients in South Korea. A total of 50 ART-naive and 34 ART-experienced Korean HIV-1-infected patients who visited an urban hospital from February 2007 to March 2011 were included. Most patients (86.9%) were infected with clade B HIV-1. Six (12%) ART-naive and 22 (64.7%) ART-experienced patients had HIV strains with resistance mutations. Among ART-naive patients, V179D was the most common mutation, being found in five ART-naive patients. Among ART-experienced patients, M184V was the most common mutation. Eight of 34 ART-experienced patients had thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs). The prevalence of drug-resistant HIV-1 in ART-naive patients was higher than in previous reports, and 50% of patients with virologic failure harbored strains with multiple resistance mutations. HIV drug resistance testing should be recommended to guide therapy of ART-naive patients in South Korea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Eun Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Young Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Chan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hea Won Ann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Kyoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Bean Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Su Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Goo Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - June Myung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zeng P, Wang J, Huang Y, Guo X, Li J, Wen G, Yang T, Yun Z, He M, Liu Y, Yuan Y, Schulmann J, Glynn S, Ness P, Jackson JB, Shan H. The human immunodeficiency virus-1 genotype diversity and drug resistance mutations profile of volunteer blood donors from Chinese blood centers. Transfusion 2011; 52:1041-9. [PMID: 22044422 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03415.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 epidemic is becoming increasingly diverse and complex. Molecular epidemiologic characteristics were studied for HIV-1-infected blood donors from five Chinese regions to determine genotype diversity and drug resistance mutations (DRMs) profile. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS HIV-1 confirmed-reactive serum samples were collected from 172 blood donors from five blood centers during 2007 to 2010. HIV-1 Pol including whole protease and partial reverse transcriptase genes was amplified, sequenced, and analyzed for the subtype determination and drug resistance profile description. RESULT A total of 113 amplified sequences including 82 from Kunming blood center and 31 from four other blood centers had the following genotype characteristics: G (0.9%), B (2.7%), circulating recombinant form (CRF) 01_AE (32.7%), CRF07_BC (22.1%), and CRF08_BC (41.6%). Female donors represent 45.1% of all cases and 63.9% cases with DRMs. The prevalence of samples with potential low or higher resistance among Chinese blood donors is 4.4%. CONCLUSION HIV-1 infection in Chinese blood donors is genetically diverse and the subtype distribution reflects that from the high-risk populations. Our results support continuous molecular epidemiologic surveillance for HIV-1 in blood donors as a part of a comprehensive HIV control program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peibin Zeng
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|