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Wang Y, Lan X, Qiao Y, Huo Y, Wang L, Liang S, Yu M, Song M, Yan Y, Su B, Xu J. Safety and immunogenicity of homologous prime-boost CoronaVac vaccine in people living with HIV in China: A multicenter prospective cohort study. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29395. [PMID: 38235782 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) are particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2. This multicentre prospective cohort study evaluated the long-term immunogenicity and safety of a third homologous dose of Sinovac CoronaVac in PLWH in China. A total of 228 PLWH and 127 HIV-negative controls were finally included and followed up for 6 months. Fewer participants reported mild or moderate adverse reactions, and no serious adverse events were observed. The median levels of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and immunoglobulin G against the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein (S-IgG) in PLWH (655.92 IU/mL, IQR: 175.76-1663.55; 206.83 IU/mL, IQR: 85.20-397.82) were comparable to those in control group (1067.16 IU/mL, IQR: 239.85-1670.83; 261.70 IU/mL, IQR: 77.13-400.75), and reached their peak at 4 weeks, exhibiting a delayed peak pattern compared to the 2-week peak in control group. After then, the immune titres gradually decreased over time, but most participants still maintained positive seroconversion at the 6-month mark. Multivariable generalized estimating equation analysis indicated that CD4+T cell count, HIV viral load, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) were independent factors strongly associated with immune response (each p < 0.05). We suggested that PLWH should maintain well-controlled HIV status through ART and receive timely administration of the second booster dose for optimal protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Wang
- Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinquan Lan
- Department of Epidemiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Qiao
- Department of infection, The Second Hospital of Huhhot, Huhhot, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqi Huo
- Translational Medicine Research Center, The Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Infection, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijie Liang
- Department of Infectious Disease Prevention, Zhengzhou Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Maohe Yu
- Department of HIV Prevention, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Moxin Song
- Department of Epidemiology, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yan
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Xu
- Clinical Research Academy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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